• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.107-117
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• 2023

Background: Thermophysiological comfort in a cold environment is mainly ensured by clothing. However, the thermal performance and protective abilities of textile fabrics may be sensitive to extreme environmental conditions. This article evaluated the thermal insulation properties of three technical textile assemblies and determined the influence of environmental parameters (temperature, humidity, and wind speed) on their insulation capacity. Methods: Thermal insulation capacity and air permeability of the assemblies were determined experimentally. A sweating-guarded hotplate apparatus, commonly called the "skin model," based on International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 11092 standard and simulating the heat transfer from the body surface to the environment through clothing material, was adopted for the thermal resistance measurements. Results: It was found that the assemblies lost about 85% of their thermal insulation with increasing wind speed from 0 to 16 km/h. Under certain conditions, values approaching 1 clo have been measured. On the other hand, the results showed that temperature variation in the range (-40℃, 30℃), as well as humidity ratio changes (5 g/kg, 20 g/kg), had a limited influence on the thermal insulation of the studied assemblies. Conclusion: The present study showed that the most important variable impacting the thermal performance and protective abilities of textile fabrics is the wind speed, a parameter not taken into account by ISO 11092.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.263-277
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• 2005

본 연구는 지역사회 노인들의 구강보건행동과 구강건강상태를 알아보고 그에 대한 관련성을 검토하고자 하였다. 조사대상은 충청남도 공주시 6개면에 거주하고 있는 65세 이상 노인들 중 2005년 1월 1일부터 2월 28일까지 2개월 동안 보건소 및 보건지소에서 치과검진을 받은 206명(남자 100명, 여자 106명)으로 하였다. 조사는 구강보건행동과 잇몸출혈 자각증상에 대해 설문조사를 실시하였고, 치과의사에 의해 구강검사를 실시하였으며, 구강보건행동에 따른 구강건강상태에 대한 지표(우식치, 처치치, 상실치, DMFT 및 CPITN)를 검토하였다. 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 전체 조사대상자들의 구강보건행동을 보면 "년 1회 이상 치과진료를 받는다"는 군이 24.3%, "주 1회 이상 구강 내 관찰을 한다"는 군이 20.4%, "1일 3회 이상 잇솔질을 한다"는 군이 15.5%, "3분 이상 잇솔질을 한다"는 군이 24.3%, "주당 2~3회 이상 보조용품을 사용한다"는 군이 7.8%, 비흡연군이 68.9%, 감미음료 및 감미식품을 "섭취하지 않는다"는 군이 23.3% 이었다. 2. 전체 조사대상자들의 구강건강상태를 보면 잇몸출혈의 경우 "항상 있다" 8.7%, "가끔 있다" 28.2%, "거의 없다" 32.0%, "없다" 31.1%의 비율이었다. 우식치는 평균 1.2개 이었으며, 처치치는 9.9개, 상실치는 7.4개, DMFT는 18.4개, CPITN은 2.4이었다. 3. 구강보건행동별 구강건강상태를 보면, 년 1회 이상의 치과진료를 받지 않은 군은 받은 군보다 상실치(p=0.002), DMFT(p=0.002) 및 CPITN(p=0.018)이 유의하게 많았고, 주 1회 이상 구강 내 관찰을 하지 않는 군은 하는 군에 비해 처치치는 유의하게 적은 반면(p=0.002), 상실치(p=0.000)와 CPITN(p=0.000)은 유의하게 많았다. 잇솔질 횟수별로는 "1일 3회 미만 군"이 "1일 3회 이상 군" 보다 우식치(p=0.000), 상실치(p=0.000), DMFT(p=0.000) 및 CPITN(p=0.000)이 유의하게 많았고, 잇솔질 시간별로는 "3분 미만군"이 "3분 이상 군" 보다 상실치(p=0.002)와 DMFT(p=0.041)가 유의하게 많은 반면, 처치치는 유의하게 적었다(p=0.036). 보조용품 사용여부별로는 "사용하는 군"보다 "사용하지 않는 군"에서 DMFT(p=0.041) 및 CPITN(p=0.018)이 유의하게 많았고, 흡연습관 별로는 흡연군이 비흡연군보다 우식치(p=0.035) 와 CPITN (p=0.001)이 유의하게 많았다. 4. 다변량 회귀분석 결과 우식치수에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 잇솔질 횟수, 성별 및 구강 내 관찰이 유의한 변수로 선정되었고(설명력 14.2%), 처치치수에는 성별, 구강 내 관찰, 보조용품사용, 잇솔질 횟수, 주관적 건강상태 및 감미음료섭취 여부(설명력 18.2%)가, 상실치수에는 잇솔질 횟수와 연령(설명력 13.9%)이, DMFT에는 잇솔질횟수, 성별, 치과진료여부, 연령(설명력 13.5%)이, CPITN에는 흡연여부, 치과진료여부, 보조용품사용여부(설명력 10.8%)가 유의한 변수로 선정되었다. 이상의 결과를 볼 때 노인들의 구강보건행동은 매우 저조한 상태로 보이며, 따라서 구강건강상태도 양호하지 못한 것임을 시사한다. 또한 구강건강상태는 여러 구강보건행동 요인에 따라 영향을 받게 됨으로 구강보건행동에 대한 홍보 및 교육이 필요하다고 본다.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.108-117
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between customer contact service and mental health among Korean taxi drivers. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of data collected from the 2015 Korean Working Conditions Survey. The sample included 496 taxi drivers in South Korea. The effect of customer contact service on mental health was analyzed using logistic regression analysis. The independent variables were general characteristics, working conditions, and hazardous factors in interactive service. Results: The prevalence of poor mental health was 56.3%. Taxi drivers experienced emotional involvement (17.2%), hiding feeling (32.0%), and contact with angry clients (18.3%) in their job. During the first month of their work, 33.7% experienced verbal abuse and 12.3% threats/humiliating behaviors. In bivariate analysis, verbal abuse, threats/humiliating behaviors, and physical violence were associated with mental health of taxi drivers. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed 'emotional involvement' and 'contact with angry clients' were significant predictors of mental health. Conclusion: The findings of this study may be useful in developing intervention programs to improve the mental health of taxi drivers in South Korea.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.431-438
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• 2007

Objectives : The aim of this study is to summarize the current conditions and implications of health inequalities in South Korea. Methods : Through a literature review of empirical studies and supplementary analysis of the data presented in the 1998, 2001, and 2005 KNHANEs, we evaluated the extent and trends of socioeconomic inequalities in both health risk factors, such as smoking, physical activity, and obesity, and outcomes, such as total mortality, subjective poor health status by self-reports and metabolic syndrome. Relative risks and odds ratios were used to measure differences across socioeconomic groups, and the relative index of inequality was used to evaluate the changes in inequalities over time. Results : We found clear inequalities to various degrees?in most health indicators. While little change was observed in mortality differences over time, the socioeconomic gaps in risk factors and morbidity have been widening, with much larger differences among the younger population. Conclusions : Socioeconomic inequalities are pervasive across various health indicators, and some of them are increasing. The trends in socioeconomic inequalities in health should be carefully monitored, and comprehensive measures to alleviate health inequalities are needed, especially for young populations.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.185-193
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• 2015

There are so many definition of good work but generally job quality can be useful to analyze the good work. Good work may include some factors about health or working environment. This paper was planned to investigate the level of job quality in Korean employees. Especially comparison of health status between low an high job quality can be analyzed. Korean Working Conditions Survey was used. The various job characteristics were categorized into 6 component of job quality using factor analysis. Statistically mean difference test and cross-tabulation analysis were used to identify the difference of health status and distribution of the level of job quality. The result has shown the different distribution of the level of job quality by the economic sectors and occupations statistically significant. The positive cases of all of six components of job quality was 2.1% of Korean employees and the negative cases of all six components of job quality was 1.5%. The subjective general health status was correlated with job quality but work-related stress was negatively correlated with the level of job quality. This study was heuristic one, more depth analysis will be needed to identify the relationship and causation of job quality and health status.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.60-71
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to identify factors affecting the mental health status of children from multicultural families in South Korea. Methods: This study was based on Dahlgren and Whitehead's (1991) rainbow model as a conceptual framework and used data from the second phase of the multicultural adolescents panel study conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed using SPSS version 26.0, with p<.05 considered to indicate statistical significance. Results: In the final model, stress (odds ratio [OR]=0.53, p<.001), life satisfaction (OR=2.09, p=.004), self-esteem (OR=1.73, p=.032), and peer support (OR=1.46, p=.019) affected the mental health status of children from multicultural families. The living and working conditions and general socioeconomic, cultural, and environmental conditions did not significantly influence the mental health status of children from multicultural families in the final model. Conclusion: As components of Dahlgren and Whitehead's model, individual hereditary and lifestyle factors, as well as social and community networks, affected the mental health status of children from multicultural families. Therefore, in order to improve the mental health of children from multicultural families, efforts are needed to alleviate their stress, increase life satisfaction and self-esteem, and strengthen their social support.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.335-344
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• 2020

Background: The purpose of this study was to identify factors inhibiting access of people with disability to health check-ups as well as identify pertinent solutions for improvement. Methods: Twenty-three people with disability older than the age of 19 who took respective health check-ups within the last 3 years were selected as participants. For the data collection, the 1:1 intensive interview was used. The data were analyzed by the grounded theory by Corbin and Strauss. Results: The results comprised nine categories, 23 subcategories, and 179 concepts. The central phenomenon was 'failure to obtain check-ups.' Causal conditions were observed as a 'lack of communication method,' 'physical difficulties,' and 'staff unfamiliar with people with disability,' Interventional conditions comprised 'physical accessibility,' 'staffs' competency,' and 'assistant manpower.' The active strategy was included 'to investigate the professional medical institution,' 'to find the medical institution of convenient traffic accessibility,' 'to overcome communication difficulties through equipment,' and 'to overcome linguistic barriers through sufficient communication.' Whereas, 'utilization of ancillary equipment,' 'the education of staffs on people with disability,' 'universal design manual,' and 'customized check-ups' were included in the passive strategy. Such processes arose in the contextual conditions of 'lack of expectations for daily lives' and 'lack of government support.' As a consequence, the subjects participated experienced the 'disadvantages,' 'discrimination,' and 'reduced reliability of the health check-ups.' Conclusion: The subjects who participated in this study emphasized 'staffs familiar with people with disability' and 'systems customized for people with disability' are mandatory to secure complete health check-ups for people with disability.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.368-379
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• 2022

Background: This study aimed to establish a strategy to improve the poor working environment and working conditions among long-term healthcare workers in Korea. Methods: A total of 600 questionnaires with which long-term health care workers participated in the targeted base areas of each city and province nationwide were distributed directly and 525 responses were collected and 506 responses were analyzed. Surveys, on-site field visits, and in-depth interviews were also conducted to understand the working environment as well as conditions and establish a strategy for improving the working environment among long-term healthcare workers to understand the demands of working conditions and working conditions. Results: Korean long-term care workers firstly and mostly enumerated their risk factors for ill-health when lifting or moving elderly recipients directly by hand (69.9%), followed by increased physical workload with old beds, tools, and facilities (42.3%) in the workplaces, shortage of manpower (32%), and source of infection (30%). To improve the working environment as well as conditions, Korean long-term care workers considered improving low-wage structures, ergonomic improvements to solve excessive physical loads, and increasing various bonus payments as well as implementing the salary system, positive social awareness, and increasing resting time. Of 506 responses, 92.3% replied that the long-term care insurance system for the elderly should be developed to expand publicization at the national level. Conclusion: This study proposes to improve the low-wage structure of Korean long-term care workers, automation and improvement of facilities, equipment, and tools to eliminate excessive physical loads (beneficiary elderly lifting), and reduction of night labor.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.47-64
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• 1998

The purposes of this research were to understand the realities of health management and to analyze the subjective, functional, psychological, and social health effects of the application of an exercise and education program to manage health on an elderly population residing in an agricultural community. The specific purposes of this research were: 1. to determine the subjective, functional, psychological health conditions, and performance level of instrumental activities of daily living of both the experimental and control groups before introducing a health management program, and then 2. to compare these with both the experimental and control groups' subjective, functional, psychological health condition and performance level of instrumental activities of daily living after applying the health management program. The health management program was introduced to the experimental group (50 people) but not to the control group (50 people). The health management program was composed of a health exercise program and a health education program. A comparative study of subjective health conditions was done to examine the effect of the health management program and the characteristics of health related variables before and after the program application. The results were as follows: 1. When the experimental group, which had received the 8-week health management exercise and education program, was compared with the control group, which had not, the experimental group's subjective health condition scored higher than that of the control group (p

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.53-63
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• 2012

Purpose: This study examines and compares the differences between self-esteem and health promotion behavior of health department and non-health department college students. Method: The research instruments were as follows : The first one is RSES developed by Rosenberg and translated into Korean by Jeon. The second one is HPLP developed by Walker et al, and including six subareas by Lee and modified to be suitable to Korean culture by Suh. Data were statistically analyzed with SPSS PC/12.0. Results : 1. Comparison of self-esteem had no significant difference(p=.190) and health promotion behaviors had significant differences(p=.000) between the two groups. 2. According to general characteristics and health-related characteristics, the differences of self-esteem in health department showed significant differences in grade(p=.020), sex(p=.000), age(p=.000), parents' economic conditions(p=.048), and smoking(p=.030) while non-health departments revealed significant differences in grade(p=.003), sex(p=.000), age(p=.000) and smoking(p=.001). 3. According to general characteristics and health-related characteristics, the differences of health promotion behaviors in health department showed significant differences in grade(p=.008), sex(p=.021), age(p=.000) and parents' economic conditions(p=.017) while non-health department revealed significant differences in sex(p=.000) and age(p=.000). 4. There were positive correlations between self-esteem, health promotion behaviors and subareas in health department (r=.422) and non-health department (r=.383). Conclusion: There were significant positive correlations between self-esteem and health promotion behaviors in health and non-health department college students. Therefore, health related programs should be developed to enhance self-esteem and health management by college students can influence themselves on self-esteem and health promotion behaviors.