• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.229-245
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• 2000

Previous studies have shown that five representative behaviors affect the health of adults in everyday life : smoking, drinking, exercise, nutrition, and stress. This study focuses on these five behaviors in an attempt not only to develop a program that promotes health, but also to suggest ways that such a program may be implemented to reflect diverse lifestyles. Our aim is to show how individual subjectivity influences behavior when making lifestyle choices that affect health. By analyzing individual characteristics, we tried to group people according to their common attitude and behaviors to promote health. We hope that this study may provide the fundamental data which may be used to assist professionals in promoting healthy behaviors among adults. In order to examine how subjectivity(e.g, personal opinions or attitudes) influences behavior, we prepared Q-statements which were composed of Q-samples for the study of human subjectivity. We polled forty-two adults and then analyzed the results using a PC qunal program. As a result, the respondents were classed according to six different types. Type One includes people who think managing stress is the most effective way to live a healthy life. They regard smoking and drinking as harmful behaviors. Type Two subjects, on the other hand, regard smoking and drinking as a matter of taste with few harmful effects. Although they recognize the importance of managing stress, they have a positive attitude towards smoking and regard nutrition as a minor factor in promoting their healthy lifestyle. Those classed as Type Three emphasize the necessity of exercise. They perceive drinking, smoking, and stress as harmful. People in this category seek to increase physical strength and to regulate all five health behaviors by keeping them in a normal range. Type Four consists of people who are indifferent to their health. While they seem to recognize the importance of regular exercise, they pay little attention to nutrition or to the harmful effects of smoking, drinking, and stress. They believe that exercise alone is sufficient to maintain their health. Type Five subjects believe drinking is not a harmful behavior at all. Rather. it has a positive effect on their mental health. They are characterized by this positive attitude towards drinking as well as by indifference toward nutrition (although they readily admit that good nutrition is important). Finally. those classed as Type Six have a positive attitude toward moderate drinking as a means to relieve stress. However. they also recognize the harmful effects of excessive drinking. They regard good nutrition as an important lifestyle choice but are indifferent toward exercise. This type is engaged in passive health management. This study devised six types or categories that reflect different attitudes toward promoting health in everyday life. It further went on to analyze the characteristics of each type. This study shows that programs designed to promote health must be modified to reflect the diversity of individual attitudes and patterns of behaviors.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.109-113
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• 1998

황토에 의한 Cochlodinium 종의 제거효과실험을 실내와 현장조사를 통하여 실시하였다. 실내실험은 Cochiodinium 적조생물을 배양하여 황토 및 이를 산처리로 활성화시켜 살포농도를 $2\;g/\ell$에서 $10\lg/\ell$로하여 제거효율을 조사하였다. 황토의 적조생물제 거효과는 살포농도 $2\;g/\ell$에서 $43\%$, $6\;g/\iota$에서 $64\%$로 점차 향상되기 시작하여 $10g/{\ell}$에서는 살포 60분후 $88\%$의 제거효과를 나타냈다. 현장조사는 Cochlodinium 적조가 빈발한 통영 활목-오비도해역에서 1996년 9월에 2회 실시되었다. 황토살포 전후로 해서 실시된 조사에서도 역시 황토살포 30분후에 Cochlodinium 적조생물이 $72\~83\%$가 제거됨으로써 좋은 제거효과를 나타냈다. 수질인자중 수온과 pH는 살포전후 변화가 없었으나 용존산소, 화학적산소요구량 및 클로로필 a의 농도는 다소 감소하였고 부유물질은 증가하였다. 부영양화 인자중 용존무기인은 살포전후 농도변화가 없는 반면, 용존무기질소는 살포후가 살포전에 비해 다소 감소하였다. 따라서 황토살포는 $10\;g/{\ell}$전후로 살포하는 것이 적조생물 제거효과에 바람직하며 수질에도 큰 영향이 없는 것으로 조사되었다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.127.1-127.1
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• 1988

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제27권1_2호
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• pp.385-400
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• 2009

The adverse effect of harmful plankton on the marine ecosystem is a topic of deep concern. To investigate the role of such phytoplankton, a mathematical model containing distinct dynamical equations for toxic and non-toxic phytoplankton is analyzed. Stability analysis of the resulting three equation model is carried out. A continuous time variation in toxin liberation process is incorporated into the model and a stability analysis of the resulting delay model is performed. The distributed delay model is then extended to include the spatial distribution of plankton and the delay-diffusion model is analyzed with spatial and spatiotemporal kernels. Conditions for diffusion-driven instability in both the cases are derived and compared to explore the significance of these kernels. Numerical studies are performed to justify analytical findings.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.34-41
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• 1993

In order to reduce harmful substances such as particulates and nitric oxides emitted from diesel engine, man kinds of methodology like high pressure spray of diesel fuel oil, exhaust gas recirculation, emulsified fuel usage and dual fuelling have been studied. Dual fuelling of a diesel engine with hydrogen which is well-known as the clean fuel and has excellent combustibility is expected to be effective in reducing harmful substances from diesel engine. This experimental study was conducted to investigate the effect of premixed hydrogen with intake air on the performance and particulate emission characteristics using a single cylinder, prechamber type diesel engine. As a result, it was clarified that a hydrogen-premixed diesel engine can be operated in the state of lower particulate emission and slightly aggravated fuel economy, compared with the conventional diesel engine.

• Plant Resources
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2004

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of mecoprop-wp concentrations on weed control, growth characters and yield in flax, after 7cm and 14cm of plant height it to the field. The major weeds were Alopecurus aequalis var. a murensis (kom) ohwi, Persicaria hydropiper spach, Lamium amplexicaule L, Stellaria alsine Grimm var. undulata ohwi, Eleusine indica(L.) Gaertn. Flax yield were increased somewhat more with 250g/10a mecoprop-wp at 7cm of plant height than the other treatment and by hand weeding treatment of mecoprop-wp, 250g/10a at 7cm of plant height was slightly harmful for the flax with recommended concentration, On the other hand, all treatments were harmful in the double dosage level.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 1991

In vitro developmental ability of early preimplantation monse embryos was shown to be depend on the embryonic stages, media and snpplements and their interaction(Experiment 1). The development of I-cell embryos were more promoted in the complex medinm(Ham's Fl0) than in the simple one(m-KRB), but that of 2-cell embryos showed the reverse effect. The bovine serum albumin(BSA) as a medium snpplement more promoted the development of I- and 2-cell embryos, compared with human fetal cord serum(HCS). On the other hand, the harmful effect of HCS was especially shown on the early cleavage in the embryonic development of the two stages. The effect of serum, in the respect of interaction between media and snpplements. was also more significantly appeared in m-KRB than Ham's Fl0. In the experiment 2, when the harmful effect of HCS was compared with that of fetal bovine serum(FBS), the former more promoted the development of l - and 2-cell embryos than the latter. The effect of HCS was more significantly shown in the development of I-cell than that of 2-cell embryos. Conclusively, as I- and 2-cell embryos were different in the requirements for the in vitro development. the optimal medium and supplement have to be selected for each embryonic stage. It is also respected to the better result if it take into consideration into the kinds of sera when serum is used for culture of early preimplantation embryos.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.649-655
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• 2006

The recent indoor air quality problem in a newly-built apartment house is resulted from the improvement of airtightness performance and the use of the building material contained harmful chemical substances. As a result, these cause indoor air quality gradually to become worse and the harmful effect on occupant health called Sick House Syndrome. The most effective solution to improve the indoor air quality is to encourage the use of green building material. However, if the house is built with general building material, ventilation with outdoor air is alternative to dilute the pollutant concentration. The purpose of this re-search is to find optimum ventilation time in a newly-built apartment house at which the ventilatoris installed. It is found that the HCHO and toluene concentrations are remarkably decreased with the elapse of ventilation time and the concentration reduction rate is increased with increment of air change rate after one hour after operating the ventilator.

• ALGAE
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.157-166
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• 2005

Uptake kinetics of Cd and Zn by leaves and rhizome of the seagrass Zostera marina were examined in controlled laboratory radiotracer experiments. Subsequently, acute toxicity of Cd, Cu and TBT on photosynthetic quantum yield (ΔF/Fm’ of Z. marina were determined, and the differential sensitivities of rapid light curve (RLC) to those harmful substances were also compared. All measurements on photosynthetic activity were determined by chlorophyll a fluorescence method using pulse amplitude modulation (PAM). Metal uptake by Z. marina was saturated with increasing exposure time in leaves and rhizomes. Uptake of Zn by Z. marina was faster than that of Cd. Metal uptake rates in Z. marina decreased with the increase of dissolved metal concentrations and also with the increase of biomass. The adverse effect of TBT on effective quantum yield was stronger than other pollutants. Average acute toxicity on the RLC of the seagrass exposed to TBT and two heavy metals (Cd and Cu) was going to decrease as follows: TBT > Cd > Cu. Our preliminary results in this study suggested that Z. marina potentially can be used as a biomonitor of harmful substances contamination in coastal waters.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.421-425
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• 2010

최근 지구온난화로 인한 수온상승과 해수면의 상승으로 인해 해양 생태계가 변화되고 있다고 보고되고 있다. 한반도 주변 해역에서도 수온과 해수면이 상승하고 플랑크톤의 종 조성이 변화되고 가시파래, 불가사리, 해파리 등의 유해 생물종의 출현 빈도가 증가되고 있고, 바다 사막화가 증가되는 등 해양 생태계의 변화로 어업활동이 어려워지고 어업생산량이 감소하여 어민 경제가 심각한 영향을 받고 있다. 본 보고서에서는 지구 온난화의 원인과 그 메커니즘을 소개하고, 지구 온난화에 따른 해양환경 변화와 해양 생태계에 미치는 영향과 그 대책에 관하여 보고하고자 하였다.