• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.205-216
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore relationship among pain, body image and satisfaction in hand-injured workers. Methods: Using a sample of 96 out-patient workers with hand injuries, pain, body image and satisfaction were measured by VAS and Modified Jung Keum-hee's Tennesee Self Concept Scale. Repeated measured ANOVA and a Bonferroni correction for multiple statistical testing during post hoc analyses were conducted to evaluate relationship among pain, body image and satisfaction in hand-injured workers. Result: Functional satisfaction(r=.46, p<.001) and appearance satisfaction(r=.55, p<.001) significantly increased by treatment satisfaction. Functional satisfaction(r=.35, p=.001) and appearance satisfaction(r=.31, p=.002) increased by body image. But treatment satisfaction(r=-.20, p=.049), functional satisfaction (r=-.34, p=.001) and appearance satisfaction (r=-.39, p<.001) significantly decreased by pain. Conclusion: Poor pain management was related to bad body image and treatment satisfaction. Therefore, interventions targeting at pain management are needed for hand-injured workers.

• 한국산업간호협회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.60-60
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• 2011

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.355-367
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• 1989

This study examined the physical and mental health factors affecting the industrial accidents of 142 injured and 1,212 uninjured workers in the shipbuilding industry from 1986 to 1988. The results acquired from the Todai Health Index (THI) and from analysis of the health examination were as follows: 1. Among the personal characteristics of the workers, the educational level of injured workers was significantly lower than that of the uninjured workers. 2. Among the physical characteristics, vision and $R\ddot{o}hrer$ Index of the injured workers were lower than those of the uninjured workers, and the difference was statistically significant. On the other hand, the differences in height, weight, hearing function, hematocrit, blood pressure, urine test, and X-ray findings were not statistically significant between the injured and uninjured workers. 3. The score of the THI questionnaire on the physical and mental health of the injured workers was higher than that of the uninjured workers, and the difference was statistically significant. 4. Form the THI score, the industrial workers had complained more about mental health than physical health and there was a statistically singinficant relation with the industrial accidents. 5. The relative risk expressed in terms of the odds ratio was 2.9 for poorer vision, 2.7 for a lower educational level, 2.2 for a higher THI score and 1.6 for overdrinking. 6 Educational level, vision, and the THI score were selected as significant factors influencing industrial accidents based on a log-linear model. According to the results of this model by logistic analysis, the odds ratio of industrial accidents was 1.8 for a lower educational level, 1.7 for poorer vision, and 1.6 for a higher THI score. 7 By event history analysis with the dependent variable as the duration of work at the time of the industrial accident, educational level, age, $R\ddot{o}hrer$ Index and THI score were the statistically significant variables selected, and the hazard rate of industrial accident occurrence was 0.24 for a lower educational level, 0.92 for age, 0.99 for a lower $R\ddot{o}hrer$ Index and 2.72 for a higher THI score. As we have seen, educational level and THI score were the most significant factors affecting the hazard rate of industrial accidents. Vision, $R\ddot{o}hrer$ Index, age, and drinking behavior were also statistically significant variables influencing industrial accidents. Therefore, in order to prevent industrial accidents, it is necessary to establish a health management plan for industry which can objectively evaluate not only the physical but also the mental health of the workers. If we use this type of study as a prospective study design, we can determine the relative risk of physical and mental health factors on industrial accidents. Furthermore, it is expected that this type of study will provide workers at high risk with more precise basic data for a health managment plan for industrial accident prevention.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2006

In order to obtain basic reference information for the establishment of effective industrial safety programmes in migrant workers who live in Seoul and Kyungin Area, accident causes were investigated among 210 injured workers. The data were analyzed according to the USA Standards Institute and International Labour Organization method. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The major distribution of national were mostly from china(82.9%), ages are mostly between 30 and 40 years old(32%), and males are more than females, and mostly married. 2. The parts of body most frequently injured were hand and finger, foot and toe, which were 55.3% of total 210 cases. 3. According to the accident type, caught in, under or between were most frequently observed, 40.2% of the total number of injuries. 4. The most responsible source of injuries were power machine, others, moving machine and tool, building construction. 5. According to the unsafe acts, carelessness and unsafety information were most frequently observed, 66.7% of the total number of injuries. 6. There were significantly difference(p<0.05), between type of accident and source of injury, and between working period and unsafe act.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.84-91
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• 2009

It is well known that Korea has got in an aged-society, and the speed of ageing is remarkably fast that has never seen before in the world. In spite of that, government officers and managers who are in charge of industrial safety seldom have interest in ageing workers, and much less ageing workers for themselves in the industrial fields. In the meanwhile the number of injured aged workers keeps going on and even increasing. Therefore this research was carried out to investigate the characteristics of aged workers on one hand, and to grasp the self-consciousness level of industrial workers on the problem of ageing. Furthermore, to develop countermeasures, opinions and hopes of middle managers in small- and medium-sized enterprises who were in charge of industrial safety and health were collected also. Though the reply rate was not so high as expected, opinions of safety and health managers were somewhat appropriate. They replied that the most urgent counterplan for ageing would be improvements of work environments followed by work assignments based upon personal aptitude. On the other hand, the self-consciousness level of aged workers was lower than middle managers, and they mainly complained of surgical disorders such as musculoskeltal disorders including lower back pains. However, they did not seem to recognize they are getting lose their physical function in maintaining body equilibrium.

• International Journal of Railway
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.149-156
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• 2008

During maintenance or construction works in or at the tracks of railways, high risks for passengers and railway staff, especially for the workers on the construction site exist. The high risks result out of the movement of rail vehicles, like trains or construction vehicles, which must be faced by using any available technical and operational technologies for securing them against the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the level of protection continuously and to identify new and innovative methods and technologies for the protection of the gang (construction worker, machines and material). Especially on construction sites at line sections with two or more parallel tracks but also with single tracks, there are still a lot of incidents and accidents mostly with seriously injured persons or fatalities. These were mainly gang members that breach the railway-loading gage. By using proper warning or protection systems, the avoidance of such accidents must be achieved. The latest developments. in gang protection systems concern on the one hand fixed barriers in the middle between the construction site and the operated track and on the other hand construction vehicles equipped with automatic warning systems. The disadvantage of such protection methods is that the gang can be warned against an approaching train but a monitoring of the gang members cannot be performed. Only one part of a potential dangerous situation will be detected. If the gang members will overhear the acoustic warning signal of the security staff and the workers will not leave the danger zone in the track, the driver of the approaching train had no chance to react to the dangerous situation. An accident is often inevitable. While the detection of acoustic warning signals by the gang members working on a construction site is very difficult, the acoustical planning of an automatic warning system has to be designed for an acoustic short range level of one meter besides the construction vehicle. The decision about the use of today's technical warning system (fixed systems, automatic warning systems, etc.) must be geared to the technical feasibility and the level of safety which is needed. Criteria for decision guidance to block a track should be developed by danger estimation and economical variables. To realize the actual jurisdiction and to minimize the hazards of railway operations by the use of construction vehicles near the tracks further developments are needed. This means, that the warning systems have to be enhanced to systems for protection, which monitor the realization of the warning signal as a precondition for giving a movement authority to a train. This method can protect against accidents caused by predictable wrongdoing. The actual state of the art technique of using a collective warning combined with additional security staff is no longer acceptable. Therefore, the Institute of Transportation System of the German Aerospace Center in Braunschweig (Germany) will develop a gang warning and protection system based upon imaging methods, with optical sensors such as video in visible and invisible ranges, radar, laser, and other. The advantage of such a system based on the possibility to monitor both the gang itself and the railway-loading gauge either of the parallel track or of the same track still in use. By monitoring both situations, the system will be able to generate a warning message for the approaching train, that there are obstacles in the track, so that the train can be stopped to prevent an accident. And also the gang workers will be warned, while they breach their area.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.72-79
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• 2008

This study was surveyed to assess the status of safety accidents occurred in work-places and prepare the fundamental data and prevent the safety accidents. The authors reviewed and analysed the charts of accident cases treated at a primary care clinic in A city from January 1991 to December 2006. The data were classified according to the USA Standards Institute and International Labour Organization method. We analyzed the data using SPSS program. The results were as follows : 1. The total cases of accidents were 455 for 8 years. 2. Accidents were mostly common in the workers who are in thirties and forties age(84.4%). 3. As season variation, spring and summer were common than others, but there was no statistical significance on season, month and weekday. 4. The most frequent injured part of the body were hand and finger, which was 36.0% among total cases. 5. According to the accidents type, cases of caught in, under or between were most frequently observed as 53.9% of the total cases. 6. The most common source of injuries was power machine(50.5%). 7. According to the unsafe acts, cases of carelessness and unsafe information were most frequently observed as 71.2% of the total cases. 8. Admission rate(5.5%) and official report rate(2.2%) were very low rate. As above results, the authors recommend to prepare the systemic control programs on environmental and human factors of safety accidents such as improving the working conditions, working facilities, working methods and safety education, and control of working time for working day.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.65-73
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• 1984

산업재해의 원인을 규명하는 데에 일익이 될까하여 근로자 2,307명을 고용하고 있는 한 대기업 섬유업체를 대상으로 1981년 1월 1일부터 1982년 12월 31일까지 만 2년간에 걸쳐 발생된 재해를 분석해 본 결과는 다음과 같다. 전담안전부서를 설치한 결과 도수율은 81년도 9.70, 82년도 4.15였고 건수율은 근로자 1,000명당 81년도 27.11, 82년도 12.96이었다. 강도율은 81년도 0.33, 82년도 0.01이었고 평균손실 일수는 81년도 34.64, 82년도 3.34로서 전년에 비하여 매우 감소되었다. 산업재해 발생율은 연평균 2.3%로서 남자 2.7%, 여자 2.0%였다. 근속기간별 재해발생빈도는 근속 1년미만군이 3.6%로 가장 높았고 근속기간이 길어질수록 점차 감소하였다. 월별 산업재해건수율은 6월이 근로자 1,000명당 3.6으로서 제일 높게 나타났다. 계절별 재해건수율은 여름이 8.2로서 가장 높았다. 요일별 재해건수율은 각 요일간에 별차이를 발견할 수 없었으나 일요일이 1.8로 제일 낮았다. 산업재해 건수율을 시간별로 관찰해 보면 오전 $10{\sim}12$시가 14.7로 가장 높았으며 반별로는 오전반이 34.4로 가장 높았다. 상해부위는 손가락이 42.3%로 제일 높았고, 상지부 65.4%, 하지부 14.4%, 기타부위가 20.2%였다. 성별로 보면 남자는 상지 46.8%, 기타 53.2%로 상지와 기타부위가 비슷한 상해율을 보였으나 여자는 상지 80.7%, 기타 19.3%로서 주로 상지에 상해를 입고 있었다. 상해종류는 개방창이 46.1%로 가장 높았고 다음이 좌상 15.4%, 표재성손상 6.7% 순이었다. 성별로 보면 남자는 개방창 40.4%, 좌상 17.0%, 골절 10.6%, 화상 8.5%, 표재성손상 6.5% 순위였고 여자는 개방창 50.8%, 좌상 14.0%, 피부박리 8.8%, 표재성손상과 자상이 각각 7.0%순으로서 남여공히 개방창과 좌상이 높게 나타났다. 가해요인별 산업재해율은 기계에 의한 것이 47.1%로 제일 높았고 그 다음이 수공구 16.3%, 차량 및 운반기 9.6%, 유독 및 고열물 7.7%. 낙하물 6.7% 순이었다. 산업재해 발생원인은 환경요인이 13.5%, 인적요인 86.5%를 나타내었다. 인적요인중 심리적요인이 60.6%로 가장 많았다. 연도별로 산업재해 발생율을 보면 수공구, 차량 및 운반기, 전기 낙하물에 의한 것은 감소 경향을 나타내었으나 기계, 유독 및 고열물에 의한 것은 증가 하였고 추락과 전도는 81년도엔 발생되지 않았으나 82년도에 새로이 발생되었다. 이러한 것은 대상업체가 안전사고 재발방지에 주력한 탓으로 동질 재해 방지에는 어느정도 성공할 수 있었으나 기계안전공학에 대한 지식결여와 작업현장에 존재하는 모든 재해요인을 철저히 파악치 못했기 때문에 기계, 추락, 전도에 의한 안전사고는 예방할 수 없었을 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.81-88
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• 1981

1980년(年) 8월(月)부터 1981년(年) 7월(月)까지 만(滿) 1년간(年間) 대구지방(大邱地方)의 15개(個) 섬유업체(纖維業體)의 산업재해(産業災害)의 전향성(前向性) 조사성적(調査成績)을 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 년간(年間) 재해(災害) 발생률(發生率)은 3.3%이며, 남자(男子) 6.7%, 여자(女子) 2%로써 남자(男子)에서 다발(多發)하였고 업체규모(業體規模)가 클수록 그율(率)은 낮은 경향(傾向)을 나타내었다. 2. 상해자(傷害者)들의 연령별(年齡別) 분포(分布)는 19재(才)미만군이 49.3%로 제일 높았으나, 연령별(年齡別) 특수(特殊) 발생률(發生率)은 30재(才) 이상군(以上群)이 4.7%이며, 19세미만군은 4.3%이였다. 3. 근속년수별(勤續年數別) 발생빈도(發生頻度)는 근무경력 1년이하(年以下)인 자(者)가 57.1%로 근속년수가 짧을수록 재해발생율이 높았다. 4. 작업개시후(作業開始後) 수상시간(受傷時間) 관찰(觀察)에서 작업개시후(作業開始後) 3시간이 18.1%로서 가장 높았다. 5. 요일별(曜日別) 재해(災害) 발생빈도(發生頻度)는 월요일(月曜日)이 20.3%로 가장 높았으며 목요일(木曜日)까지 점차 감소(減少)하다가 다시 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 6. 계절별(季節別) 발생빈도(發生頻度)는 동계(冬季)가 27.7%로 제일 높았고 월별(月別)은 1월(月)과 8월(月)이 각각(各各) 14% 및 11.8%로 높게 나타났다. 7. 재해원인별(災害原因別) 발생빈도(發生頻度)는 기계(機械)에 의(依)한 것이 39.2%로 가장 높았고, 다음이 충돌(衝突) 17.8%, 추락(墜落) 16.3%, 낙하물(落下物) 14.3% 및 수공구(手工具)의 순위(順位)였다. 8. 상해부위(傷害部位)는 상지부(上肢部)가 66.9%를 차지하였고, 수지부(手肢部)가 전체(全體)의 43.9%로 제일 빈도(頻度)가 많았다. 9. 상해종류(傷害種類)는 개방창(開放創) 35.7%로 제일 높았고, 다음이 표재성손상(表在性損傷) 좌상(挫傷) 35.1%, 염좌(捻挫) 탈구(脫臼) 골절(骨折) 15.7%의 순위(順位)였다. 10. 치료기간별(治療期間別) 분포(分布)는 $1{\sim}2$주(週)가 35.2%로 제일 높았고, 70.1%는 1개월이내(個月以內)에 치유(治癒)되었으며, 업체규모(業體規模)가 클수록 치료기간(治療期間)이 연장(延長)되는 경향(傾向)을 나타내었다.