• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.123-127
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• 2015

Distal limb deformities are congenital malformations with phenotypic variability and high genetic heterogeneity. Split hand/foot malformation, also known as ectrodactyly, is a congenital limb malformation characterized by a defect of the central rays of the hands and/or feet. Split hand/foot malformation with long-bone deficiency (SHFLD) is a rare condition related to a 17p13.3 duplication. Recently, genomic duplications encompassing BHLHA9 have been associated with SHFLD. We report a case of SHFLD presenting with campomelia of the right femur, bilateral agenesis of fibulae, bilateral club feet, and oligosyndactyly of the hands and feet, that was associated with a 17p13.3 duplication, as determined prenatally using array comparative genomic hybridization.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.201-207
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• 1999

Malignant tumors of the hand are very rare. Between 1989 and 1998, 17 patients with malignant tumors of the hand were evaluated for clinical features, prevalence, treatment and results. The mean age was 45 years and median duration of follow-up was 38 months. A painless mass was the most common symptom and the most common lesion was the digit. Fifteen cases of soft tissue and 2 cases of bone tumor were diagnosed. On pathology, soft tissue tumors were comprised of 8 cases of malignant melanoma, 2 cases of angiosarcoma and 1 case each of malignant fibrous histiocytoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, extraskeletal chondrosarcoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. Bone tumors were metastatic tumors and each originated from the rectal cancer or lung cancer. Lymph node involvements were noted in 4 cases of malignant melanoma and 1 case of squamous cell carcinoma. Six cases of metacarpo-phalangeal joint disarticulation and 4 cases of phalanx amputation were performed. Wide excision, ray amputation and below-elbow amputation were also performed. Three cases expired due to metastasis and progression of the original lesion. Among the surviving 14 cases, a malignant melanoma had metastasis on the axillary lymph node and 13 cases showed no local recurrence or metastasis during the follow-up.

• BMB Reports
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• v.43 no.8
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• pp.524-529
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• 2010

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are useful drugs for the treatment of various diseases, but their use for prolonged periods can cause severe side effects such as osteoporosis. GCs have a direct effect on bone cells, where they can arrest bone formation, in part through the inhibition of osteoblast. On the other hand, GCs potently suppress osteoclast resorptive activity by disrupting its cytoskeleton based on the inhibition of RhoA, Rac and Vav3 in response to macrophage colony-stimulating factor. GCs also interfere with microtubule distribution and stability, which are critical for cytoskeletal organization in osteoclasts. Thus, GCs inhibit microtubule-dependent cytoskeletal organization in osteoclasts, which, in the context of bone remodeling, further dampens bone formation.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.256-262
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• 2010

bone grafting is indicated in the case of bony defects and is classified into autograft, allograft, and xenograft. Synthetic bone graft is contrasted with these three categories in that it has a different donor source. Autograft is most prominent as it is known as a gold standard of all grafting procedures. Its principles and practices are well established via accumulated informations and clinical experiences, which imposes no regulations or restrictions in its clinical use. On the other hand, other bone graft procedures are under tight control for the safety and effectiveness of each product. Food and Drug Administration of the United States has a system in which the information on the approvals and clearances of bone graft materials on their internet homepage. All the bone graft materials that are under the regulations of the United States are classified into the category of medical devices, which includes allogenic bone, xenogenic bone, and synthetic bone graft materials. Each bone graft material has its own indication and the FDA approvals and clearances of medical devices contain the item of "intended use" to specify the indications of each bone graft materials. US dentists, as users of the specific bone graft materials, are provided with adequate information on the approved materials they are to utilize. As an user of these materials, Korean dentists are less provided with the information on the bone graft materials they want to use. Medical providers of the bone graft materials have to be able to provide their users with the essential information such as the intended use of the regulatory approval. Dentists must also be active in gathering informations on the material of their interest, and the system must be built in which both of the medical providers and users of bone graft materials can be satisfied in providing and getting the information, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.67-72
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• 2011

Purpose: This study sought to evaluate the effects of bone graft wedging on the initial stability of implants in bone sites of unfavorable quality. Materials and Methods: Three male beagle dogs were used in this study. Osteotomies were performed with parallel drills (${\O}4.1{\times}10mm$), and fixtures (${\O}3.3{\times}8mm$) were placed. The control group was given implants without bone graft. Experiment group A was given implants with minimal initial stability using autobone grafts, whereas experiment group B was given xenografts. Groups were also divided by healing times at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Results: All implants in the control group failed to osseointegrate. On the other hand, all implants in the experiment groups were clinically well-maintained during the entire experiment period. After 4, 8, and 12 weeks, bone-to-implant contact (BIC) ratio and implant stability quotient (ISQ) increased in the experiment groups. The differences between experiment groups A and B were not statistically significant, however. Conclusion: In unfavorable bone regions for dental implants, bone graft packing into the osteotomy prior to implant placement secured minimal initial stability and showed reasonable BIC ratios and ISQ values throughout the study period.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.391-394
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• 2015

They evaluate the bone age using the GP-BP (Greulich-Pyle and Bayley-Pinneau) and TW3 (Tanner-Whitehouse 3) in clinical. The skeletal maturity in Hand AP is evaluated by clinical experience of physicians and this is qualitative evaluation not same in every physicians. In order to devise and evaluate new methods not using TW3 method in this situation. The study was conducted with 70 (Male 35, Female 35) children who visited Yangsan P Hospital from March 2014 to March 2015. The study measured the length of growth plate and distal proximal phalanx and conducted regression analysis for statistical significance test of bone age length difference. The study found average and standard deviation corresponding to certain ranges each bone age. The more bone age increase, the more the length of growth plate and distal proximal phalanx decreased. The girls have less average rather than the boys because bone grows fast. The girls have first period age of 12 to 14, it appears length variation significantly. The study conducted regression analysis and this has statistical significance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.51-57
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• 2011

The lightweight and compact actuator with high power is required to perform motion with multiple degrees of freedom. To reduce the size and inertia of a robot manipulator, the mechanical transmission system is used. The shape memory alloy(SMA) is similar to the muscle-tendon-bone network of a human hand. However, there are some drawback and nonlinearity, such as the hysteresis and the stress dependence. In this paper, the design of the underactuated robot hand is studied. The 3-finger dexterous hand is driven by the SMA actuator using segmental mechanism. This digital approach enables to overcome the nonlinearity of SMA wire. The translational displacement of SMA actuator required to bend a phalanx of the underactuated robot hand is estimated and the bending angle of the underactuated robot hand according to input displacement of SMA actuator is predicted by the multi-body dynamic analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.375-379
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• 2011

Introduction: This study examined the effect of autogenous tooth bone used as a graft material for bone regeneration in an artificial bony defect of minipigs. Materials and Methods: Four healthy minipigs, weighing approximately 35-40 kg, were used. Four standardized artificial two-walled bony defects, 5 mm in length and depth, were made on the bilateral partial edentulous alveolar ridge on the mandible of minipigs, and autogenous tooth bone was augmented in the right side as the experimental group. On the other hand, only alloplastic bone graft material HA was grafted with the same size and manner in the left side as the control group. All minipigs were sacrificed at 4 weeks after a bone graft and evaluated histologically by Haematoxylin-eosin staining. The specimens were also evaluated semi-quantitatively via a histomorphometric study. The percentage of new bone over the total area was evaluated using digital software for an area calculation. Results: All specimens were available but one in the left side (control group) and two in the right side (experimental group) were missing during specimen preparation. The amount of bone formation and remodeling were higher in all experimental groups than the control. The mean percentage area for new bone in the experimental and control groups was $43.74{\pm}11.96%$ and $30.79{\pm}2.93%$, respectively. Conclusion: Autogenous tooth bone is a good alternative to autogenous bone with the possible clinical feasibility of an autogenous tooth bone graft in the reconstruction of bony defects.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.37-55
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• 1989

The tissue reactions concerned in alveolar bone remodelling at the pressure zones of rat molar periodontium associated with the application of force (15 gm) to the maxillary first molar teeth of the albino rats were studied by the transmission electron microscopy. Osteoclasts referrable to bone resorption were observed thereafter 3 hour survival period and undermining resorption was generated thenceforth 2 day survival period. Bone resorption, reversal zone and new bone formation were simultaneously observed adjacent to the zone of undermining resorption in the 7 day survival period. Osteoclasts with well developed primary lysosome, ruffled border, clear zone, granules and Golgi apparatus were detected at the zone of the bone resorption, and dark and bright cells adjacent to the osteoclasts as well. Mononuclear cells and perpendicularly arranged collagenous fibers were observed in the reversal zone and, on the other hand, osteoblasts with well developed Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum were detected at the zone of bone formation.

• The Korean Journal of Food & Health Convergence
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.15-27
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• 2022

This study aims to analyze the relative importance of bone age and chronological age in physique according to gender and to identify the relative importance of bone age, chronological age, and physique in physical fitness and motor coordination according to gender in order to alleviate the imbalance between physique and physical fitness in children. A total of 666 children(346 males, 320 females) between the ages of 11-14 were enrolled as subjects, and the skeletal maturation The skeletal maturation were measured by taking hand-wrist. Physical fitness were measured through a total of 4 components: muscular strength. The results of this study. First, physique variables for both males and females aged 11-14 were found to be more significant predictors of bone age than chronological age. Second, for physical fitness in males, in the order of %fat, body water, waist-hip ratio, weight, fat-free mass, and chronological age were more significant predictor variables; and in females, in the order of %fat, fat-free mass, height, chronological age, weight, bone age, fat mass, and body water were more significant predictor variables. For bone age and chronological age in physical fitness, bone age in males and chronological age in females found to be the more representative variables respectively.