• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.65-70
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• 1999

Plagiorchis muris has been found in both been found in both house and field rats as well as in humans. The infection status of th second intermediate hosts of P.muris is prerequisite in understanding their biological features in an ecosystem. Six species of dragonflies were caught in a wide range of areas in Korea;and they were Sympertrum darwinianum, S.eroticum, S. pedomontanum, S. infuscatum, Pantala flavoscens, Caloteryx atrata, and Othertrum albistylum speciosum. The occurrence of P. muris metacercariae in dragonflies was nationwide with various infection rates. The metacercarial burden of P. muris in the surveyed areas was the highest in S. eroticum followed by S. darwinianum, S. pedomontanum, and C. atrata. The highest infection rate by P. muris metacercariae was found in S. darwinianum followed by S. eroticum. The metacercarial buredn was particularly heavy in the dragonflies found in Hamyang-gun and Kosong-gun, Kyongsangnam-do. It is, therefore, likely that dragonflies play a significant role as the second intermediate hose in the life cycle of P. muris in Korea.

• 식물병연구
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.113-116
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• 2002

A sclerotinia rot of Leonurus sibiricus caused by Sclerotinia sclerotio겨m occurred severely in farmer's fields at Seosang-myon, Hamyang-gun, Gyeongnam Province, Korea in 2001. The typical symptoms of the disease were that leaves, stems or collar of the infected plants at first became darker green and then watery soft rotted, and white fluffy mycelia formed on the lesion developed into black sclerotia later, Sclerotia on the plant and PDA medium were globose to cylindrical or irregular in shape, and 0.8~10.3$\times$0.8~6.4 m in size. Aphothecia with numerous asci were cup-shape, and 0.6~1.2 cm in diameter, Asci with 8 spores were cylindrical, and 87~246$\times$4.6~21.6 $\mu\textrm{m}$ in size. Ascospores of one cell were hyaline, ellipsoid to ovoid in shape, and 10.2~14.6$\times$4.7~7.2 $\mu\textrm{m}$ in size. The range of temperature for mycelial growth was from 5 to 3$0^{\circ}C$, and the optimum was $25^{\circ}C$. This is the first report on the sclerotinia rot of L. sibiricus caused by Sclerotinia sclerotioum in Korea.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.87-91
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• 2001

Extracts from Geum japonicum (Bammu in Korean) were analyzed for their antioxidative activities and scavenging effects on free radicals. The ethyl acetate fraction of G. japonicum methanol extract (EFGJ) showed a remarkable scavenging activity on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical. EFGJ also showed excellent antioxidative activity on linoleic acid during long-period storage and on rat liver microsome peroxidation system, and good anti-peroxidation effect on lipid in Rancimat system using lard, palm oil, and perilla oil, as compared with BHT and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. Varying effects of antioxidative activity of the EFGJ on various fatty acids were observed. The prevention of linoleic acid and linolenic acid peroxidation was superior to ${\alpha}$-tocopherol, but inferior to BHT. The methanol extract of G. japonicum did not show mutagenicity as revealed through SOS chromotest. Based on the results, the extracts of G. japonicum may be useful source as natural antioxidants.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.651-653
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• 1998

A destructive anthracnose of safflower has severely occurred at Kyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extention Services in 1998. Incidence of the disease surveyed at 12 fields in Chinju, Sanchong and Hamyang was ranged fro 55.7 to 85.4%. Small irregular yellowish to brown spots appeared on all parts of the plant at initial infection stage and the spots enlarged or united into larger irregular to cylindrical black lesions with hollows. Above portions of infected stems were often blighted and pink colored conidial masses were colonized on the lesions. The causal fungus consistently isolated from the infected tissues were identified as Colletotrichum acutatum by following characteristics. The fungus grew well on PDA at 15~3$0^{\circ}C$ developing apricot to salmon color. Conidia were single-celled, colorless, fusiform and bisectioned and measured as 8~18$\times$3~5 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. Brownish appressoria were cylindrical or ovate and sized as 5~10$\times$4~8 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. Optimum temperature for growth and germination of conidia was recorded at $25^{\circ}C$ and at least 6 hours were required for infection to the host plants. Over 90% conidia were germinated and all plants were infected by artificial inoculation by 24 hours at $25^{\circ}C$. This is the first report of safflower anthracnose caused by C. acutatum in Korea.

• Mycobiology
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.102-104
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• 2002

In July 2001, a destructive stem rot of tatarian aster(Aster taturicus) was occurred sporadically in exhibition farm of Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, in Hamyang, Korea. The fungus also caused collar and crown rot and systemic wilt or blight of whole plant. White mycelium spread over stems and petioles of infected plants and sclerotia formed on the old lesions and near the soil surface. The fungus showed maximum mycelial growth was obtained around $30^{\circ}C$ but did not grow below $5^{\circ}C$ or above $45^{\circ}C$. The mycelial width ranges $4.2{\sim}10.4{\mu}m$. and the color is white, usually many narrow mycelial stand grow in the aerial mycelium and formed clamp connection. Numerous sclerotia were formed in artificial media like PDA at $30^{\circ}C$. The shape of sclerotia were sphere and $1.0{\sim}3.2{\mu}m$ in diameter. The fungus was isolated repeatedly from the infected, tissues and confirmed its pathogenecity to aster and identified as Sclerotium rolfsii. This is the first report that Sclerotium rolfsii causes stem rot of tatarian aster in Korea.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.103-109
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• 2015

The characteristics of drinking groundwater at west Gyeong-nam were analyzed by investigating 3,698 cases which were carried out from January 2008 to september 2013. 24.5% of the observed data exceeded the drinking water quality standards. Among the drinking water quality standards, 40 parameters were found to exceed. and most problematic were total coliform and HPC(Heterotrophic Plate Count). The unfit ratio of each region for drinking water were 23.1% at Geoje, 18.7% at Geochang, 28.5% at Goseong, 24.1% at Namhae, 32.8% at Sacheon, 20.5% at Sancheong, 36.9% at Uiryeong, 29.2% at Jinju, 40.9% at Tongyeong, 24.7% at Hadong, 20.6.% at Hamyang, 20.1% at Hapcheon. The result of correlation showed that rainfall and unfit ratio of HPC may be associated with the hydrologic durability and season. The coefficient of correlation between them was 0.304. During the summer, the coefficient of correlation was 0.699. But the significant correlation between total coliform and rainfall was not found.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2016

Historical and cultural heritage provides a clue to reflect on the life of the era. Views of traditional village are the thing which can show us the life style and value of our ancestors and must be conserved as the values and traditional culture. Traditional village that has the historical value and descended to this day by adapting to environmental and social changes with the strong continuity is a part of the value of the residents' life and should be conserved with the physical environment, community and quality of the inhabitants' life. Therefore, this study is to analysis the difference of perception and the cause regarding conservation of the historical landscape and how the landscape influences on the residents and visitors. Based on those things, this study is to ultimately introspect importance of the residents' participation and meaning of the difference of perception about conservation of the historical landscape.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.23-27
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• 2006

This study was conducted to evaluate forest carbon cycling and soil $CO_2$ efflux rates in a 42-year-old pine (Pinus densiflora) stand located in Hamyang-gun, Korea. Aboveground and soil organic carbon storage, litterfall, litter decomposition, and soil $CO_2$ efflux rates were measured for one year. Estimated aboveground biomass carbon storage and increment in this stand were $3,250gC/m^2\;and\;156gC\;m^{-2}yr^{-1}$, respectively. Soil organic carbon storage at the depth of 30 cm was $10,260gC/m^2$ Mean organic carbon inputs by needle and total litterfall were $176gC\;m^{-2}yr^{-1}\;and\;235gC\;m^{-2}yr^{-1}$, respectively. Litter decomposition rates were faster in nne roots less than 2 mm diameter size ($<220\;g\;kg^{-1}yr^{-1}$) than in needle litter ($<120\;g\;kg^{-1}yr^{-1}$). Annual mean and total soil respiration rates were $0.37g\;CO_2m^{-2}h^{-1}$ and $2,732g\;CO_2m^{-2}yr^{-1}$ during the study period. A strong positive relationship existed between soil $CO_2$ efflux and soil temperature (r=0.8149), while soil $CO_2$ efflux responded negatively to soil pH (r=-0.3582).

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.33-45
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• 2011

The purpose of this study to analyze landslide-triggering factors using the 38 landslide cases occurred by typhoon, Rusa in 2002, Maemi in 2003 and Ewiniar in 2006 and geospatial characteristics in Hamyang and Geochang County. where two day's heavy rainfall was concentrated on. The rainfalls factors to trigger landslides were accumulative rainfall (>230mm) and rainfall intensity(>30-75mm). The highest landslide frequency was concentrated on the areas of 400-900m in height and on the slopes of $25-40^{\circ}$ in degree. The frequency of landslide was high exceedingly above 80% of a slope attitude, while the frequency is very low below 70%. Granite was more susceptible as much as 9 times than metamorphic rocks. In areas mixed soil with gravels and rock blocks, the frequency of landslide was 73%.

• 농촌계획
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.77-89
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• 2012

In 2003, "The National Land Use and Planning Act" (NLUP Act) was enacted unifying two old laws; "The Urban Planning Act" enacted in 1962 and "The National Land Use and Management Act" enacted in 1972. One of main reasons of unifying two acts was to extend urban planning-based development systems to rural areas for preventing uncontrolled urban sprawl in rural areas and enhancing or settlling plan-based land use system in rural areas. This paper is conducted with the following specific objectives: i) to critically review the contents of NLUP Act in terms of rational rural land use planning; ii) to evaluate plan-based land use practices in rural area by NLUP Act; iii) to appraise performance level for prevention against unplanned development activities in rural areas by NLUP Act. To accomplish these objectives, we surveyed actural state of rural land use and development system by the new act in two case study areas. Ansung city in Gyeongi province as an urban sprawl region and Hamyang county in Gyeongnam Province as a remote rural area. Study results ascertained that the new act can not effectively control rural land use and not prevent over-use of agricultural land in the positive and effective ways because of followering three points.