• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.430-436
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• 2014

Matrix-star and Half-Pancake graphs are modified versions of Star graphs, and has some good characteristics such as node symmetry and fault tolerance. This paper analyzes embedding between Matrix-star and Half-Pancake graphs. As a result, Matrix-star graphs $MS_{2,n}$ can be embedded into Half-Pancake graphs $HP_{2n}$ with dilation 5 and expansion 1. Also, Half Pancake Graphs, $HP_{2n}$ can be embedded into Matrix Star Graphs, $MS_{2,n}$ with the expansion cost, O(n). This result shows that algorithms developed from Star Graphs can be applied at Half Pancake Graphs with additional constant cost because Star Graphs, $S_n$ is a part graph of Matrix Star Graphs, $MS_{2,n}$.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.483-494
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• 2012

Many recent events, such as terrorist attacks, exposed defects in most sophisticated security systems. Therefore, it is necessary to improve security data systems based on the body or behavioral characteristics, often called biometrics. Together with the growing interest in the development of human and computer interface and biometric identification, human face recognition has become an active research area. Face recognition appears to offer several advantages over other biometric methods. Nowadays, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) has been widely adopted for the face recognition algorithm. Yet still, PCA has limitations such as poor discriminatory power and large computational load. This paper proposes a novel algorithm for face recognition using a mid band frequency component of partial information which is used for PCA representation. Because the human face has even symmetry, half of a face is sufficient for face recognition. This partial information saves storage and computation time. In comparison with the traditional use of PCA, the proposed method gives better recognition accuracy and discriminatory power. Furthermore, the proposed method reduces the computational load and storage significantly.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.185-189
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• 2016

By employing photoemission spectroscopy (PES) and soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), the electronic structure of the candidate half-metallic antiferromagnet of $Mn_3Ga$ Heusler compound has been investigated. We have studied two ball-milled $Mn_3Ga$ powder samples, one after annealing and the other without annealing, respectively. Based on the Mn 2p XAS study, we have found that Mn ions are nearly divalent in $Mn_3Ga$ and that the Mn ions having the locally octahedral symmetry and those having the locally tetrahedral symmetry are both present in $Mn_3Ga$. We have found relatively good agreement between the measured valence-band PES spectrum of $Mn_3Ga$ and the calculated density of states, which is in agreement with the half-metallic electronic structure of $Mn_3Ga$.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.07c
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• pp.1784-1787
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• 2002

Two-dimensional (2-D) digital filters are widely useful inn image processing and other 2-D digital signal processing fields, but designing 2-D filters is much more difficult than designing one-dimensional (1-D) ones. This paper provides a new insight into the existing singular value decomposition (SVD)-based design approach in the sense that the SVD-based design can be performed more efficiently by exploiting the symmetries of the given 2-D magnitude specifications. By using the specification symmetries. only half of the 1-D filters (sub-filters) need to be designed. which significantly simplifies the design process and reduces the computer storage required for 1-D sub-filter coefficients. Another novel point of this paper si that an objective criterion is proposed for selecting appropriate sub-filter orders in order to reduce the hardware implementation cost. A design example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the SVD-based design approach by exploiting specification symmetry and new order-selecting criterion.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.477-482
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• 2019

The magnetic properties and electronic structures of the B20 crystal structure MnGe and MnSi were investigated using the density functional theory with local density approximation. The low symmetry of the B20 crystal structure plays a very important role to make electromagnetic characteristics of these materials. The important result of the calculations is that it can be observed the appearance of a pair of gaps in the density of states near the Fermi level in both compounds. These features are results from d-band splitting by the low symmetry of the crystal field from B20 crystal structure. It can be seen that there is half-metallic characteristics from the density of states in both compounds. The calculation shows that the value of magnetic moment of MnGe is 5 times bigger than that of MnSi even though they have same crystal structure. The electronic structures of paramagnetic case have a very narrow indirect gap just above the Fermi level in both compounds. These gaps acquire some significance in establishing the stability of the ferromagnetic states within the local density approximation. Calculation shows that the Mn 3d character dominates the density of states near the Fermi level in both materials.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.257-262
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• 2017

In this paper, we proposed a rectangular planar monopole antenna with a double sleeve that applied to a half-cut and a discontinuous feed structure. A rectangular planar monopole antenna with a double sleeve was cut in half along the magnetic symmetry line, and impedance matching was achieved by a discontinuous structure was applied to a feeder and by adjusting the double sleeve gap. We used the HFSS simulator of ANSYS company to confirm the antenna parameter property, and the antenna size was $21{\times}40mm^2$. In the proposed antenna, the simulation frequency range with VSWR of 2 or less was 2.6GHz to 10.25GHz. The bandwidth was 7.65GHz. The frequency range of the fabricated antenna was 3.3GHz to 9.75GHz, and the bandwidth was 6.45GHz. The measured radiation pattern frequencies were 3.5GHz, 5.5GHz, 7.5GHz, and 9.5GHz. A radiation pattern similar to the dipole antenna pattern was obtained at all frequencies.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1994

Two possible space groups of the comfound, VP6N3018C24H:60, are: P 1, a=14.022(1), b=12.644(2), c= 12.640(1)A, a=8038(1), B=102.12(1), r=102.16(1), V=2124.1A3, Z=2, μ=0.47cm-1, d=1.46g/cm3, R=0.083 for 3350 independent reflections with Fo>4o IFI, and C2/c, a=19.32(2), b=16.32(2), c=14.02(1)A, B=105.98(5), β=105.98(5), V=4248.2A3, Z=4 R=0.083 for 1590 independent reflections with Fo>4c IFoI . In the space group P T, there are two monlecules in a unit cell. Vanadium atoms in the two monlecules occupy the two different special positions such that the complete monlecules are accomplished by the two independent center of symmetry. Therefore two different half molecules of bis(trimetaphosphate)vanadate and three molecules of tetraethylammonium are the asymmetric unit in a unit cell. In the space group C2/c, however, the vanadium atom is located at a special position with centrosymmetry, and a two-fold symmetry axis passes through C2/c, N2 and C25 atoms. Therefore the asymmrtic unit in a unit cell consists of a half molecule of bis(trimetaphosphate)vanadate and one and a half molecules of tetraethylammonium. All the molecular conformations in both space groups are very similar: six oxygen atoms coordinated to a vanadium atom in the bi s(trimetaphosphate)vanadate molecule form an octahedron and the four carbon atoms bonded to a nitrogen atom in the tetraethylammonium molecule are disordered so that the eight carbon atoms around nitrogen atom exhibit an irregular dodecahedral form.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.9-17
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose a SPN 256 bit block cipher so called XSB(eXtended SPN Block cipher) which has a symmetric structure in encryption and decryption. The proposed XSB is composed of the even numbers of N rounds where the first half of them, 1 to N/2-1 round, applies a pre-function and the last half of them, N/2+1 to N round, employs a post-function. Each round consists of a round key addition layer, a substiution layer, a byte exchange layer and a diffusion layer. And a symmetry layer is located in between the pre-function layer and the post-function layer. The symmetric layer is composed with a multiple simple bit slice involution S-Boxes. The bit slice involution S-Box symmetric layer increases difficult to attack cipher by Square attack, Boomerang attack, Impossible differentials cryptanalysis etc.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.329-335
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• 2008

This paper proposes a miniaturized half-circular-slot UWB antenna. Using an analysis of the neld patterns, we show that the original circular-slot UWB antenna operates on a series of multi-pole radiation based on $TE_n$ modes, and a perfect magnetic wall exists along an axis of symmetry on the antenna. Using the perfect magnetic wall we designed and fabricated the miniaturized UWB antenna on RF-60A substrate with t=0.64mm, ${\varepsilon}_r=6.15\;and\;tan\;{\delta}=0.0025$, which not only has the half size of the original but also maintains UWB characteristics. The measured gain of the miniaturized antenna is $-2.1{\sim}4.3dBi$, which is comparable with the gain, $-2.7{\sim}3.1dBi$, of the original circular-slot UWB antenna. The radiation pattern is also similar to that of the original antenna.

• Composites Research
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.236-242
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• 2016

In this work, tensile and in-plane shear tests for thermoplastic glass fiber/polypropylene composites were performed at a thermo-forming temperature and their properties were characterized and mathematically expressed by using the non-orthogonal constitutive model. As for the thermo-forming test, half-dome experiments were carried out by varying the usage of a releasing agent and the weight of holders. As results, the optimum final shape having well-aligned symmetry and no wrinkle formation was obtained when the releasing agent was used, and it was found that the careful control of a holding force is crucial to manufacture the healthy product. Furthermore, FEM simulations based on the non-orthogonal model showed similar final shapes and tendency of wrinkle formation with experimental results, and confirmed that wrinkles increase with less holding force and higher punch force is required under high frictional condition.