• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.357-362
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• 2007

AZO(Aluminum-doped Zinc Oxide) films are attractive materials as transparent conductive electrode because they are inexpensive, nontoxic and abundant element compared with ITO(Indium Tin Oxide). AZO films have been deposited on glass (corning 1737) substrates by RF magnetron sputtering. The AZO film was post-annealed at $600^{\circ}C$ for 2 hr with $N_2$ atmosphere. The AZO films were used as an anode contact to fabricate OLEDs(Organic Light Emitting Diodes). OLEDs with $AZO/TPD/Alq_3/Al$ configuration were fabricated by thermal evaporation. We investigated that the electric, structural and optical properties of AZO thin films, which measured using the methods of XRD, SEM, Hall measurement and Spectrophotometer. The current density-voltage and luminescence-voltage properties of devices were studied and compared with ITO devices fabricated under the same conditions.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.577-584
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• 2005

Thin Ni-B layer, $1{\mu}m$ thick, was electrolessly deposited on Cu electrode fabricated by electro-deposition. The purpose of the layer is to encapsulate Cu electrodes for preventing Cu oxidation and to serve as a diffusion barrier. The layers were annealed at $580^{\circ}C$ with and without pre-annealing at $300^{\circ}C$ for . 30minutes. In the layer with pre-annealing, the amount of Cu diffusion was lower about 5 times than the layer without pre-annealing. The difference in Cu concentration may be attributed to $Ni_3B$ formation prior to Cu diffusion. However, the difference in Cu concentration decreased during the annealing time of 5 h due to the grain growth of Ni.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.615-621
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• 1999

The new process in order to fabricate of Ni catalyst with high activity by the mechanochemical(MC) method which was combined the mechanical alloying(MA) and the chemical treatment process. The microstructure and characterization of mechanically alloyed Ni-5-wt% Al powder and Ni catalyst gained by alkali leaching were investigated byt he various analysis such as XRD, SEM-EDS, HRTEM and laser particle analyzer. The steady state powder with 1~2$\mu\textrm{m}$ mean particle size was obtained after 30hr milling with the PCA of 2 wt% stearic acid under the condition of grinding stainless steel ball to powder ratio of 60:1 and rotating speed fo 300rpm. According to result of HRTEM diffraction pattern, MA powder of the steady state was nanocrystalline $Al_3$$Ni_2$ intermetallic compound. Ni catalyst was obtained after KOH leaching of the steady state powder was about 20nm nanocrystalline which contained about 8 wt % Al.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.24-27
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• 2009

Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide (IGZO) thin films were deposited onto 300 nm-thick oxidized Si substrates and glass substrates by direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering of IGZO targets at room temperature. FESEM and XRD analyses indicate that non-annealed and annealed IGZO thin films exhibit an amorphous structure. To investigate the effect of an annealing treatment, the films were thermally treated at $300^{\circ}C$ for 1hr in air. The IGZO TFTs structure was a bottom-gate type in which electrodes were deposited by the DC magnetron sputtering of Ti and Au targets at room temperature. The non-annealed and annealed IGZO TFTs exhibit an $I_{on}/I_{off}$ ratio of more than $10^5$. The saturation mobility and threshold voltage of nonannealed IGZO TFTs was $4.92{\times}10^{-1}cm^2/V{\cdot}s$ and 1.46V, respectively, whereas these values for the annealed TFTs were $1.49{\times}10^{-1}cm^2/V{\cdot}$ and 15.43V, respectively. It is believed that an increase in the surface roughness after an annealing treatment degrades the quality of the device. The transmittances of the IGZO thin films were approximately 80%. These results demonstrate that IGZO thin films are suitable for use as transparent thin film transistors (TTFTs).

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.123-129
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• 2012

Nanocrystalline CrN coatings were fabricated by DC and ICP (inductively coupled plasma) assisted magnetron sputtering techniques. The effect of ICP power, ranging from 0 to 500 W, on coating microstructure, preferred orientation mechanical properties were systematically investigated with HR-XRD, SEM, AFM and nanoindentation. The results show that ICP power has an significant influence on coating microstructure and mechanical properties of CrN coatings. With the increasing of ICP power, coating microstructure evolves from the columnar structure of DC process to a highly dense one. Grain size of CrN coatings were decreased from 11.7 nm to 6.6 nm with increase of ICP power. The maximum nanohardness of 23.0 GPa was obtained for the coatings deposited at ICP power of 500 W. Preferred orientation in CrN coatings also vary with ICP power, exerting an effective influence on film nanohardness.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.61-77
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• 2016

$NanoTiO_2$ was synthesized by ultrasonication assisted sol-gel process and subjected to iron doping and carbon-iron codoping. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by XRD, HR-SEM, EDX, UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and BET specific surface area analysis. The average crystallite size of pure $TiO_2$ was in the range of 30 - 33 nm, and that of Fe-$TiO_2$ and C-Fe $TiO_2$ was in the range of 7 - 13 nm respectively. The specific surface area of the iron doped and carbon-iron codoped nanoparticles was around $105m^2/g$ and $91m^2/g$ respectively. The coupled semiconductor photo-Fenton's activity of the synthesized catalysts was evaluated by the degradation of a cationic dye (C.I. Basic blue 9) and an anionic dye (C.I. Acid orange 52) with concurrent investigation on the operating variables such as pH, catalyst dosage, oxidant concentration and initial pollutant concentration. The most efficient C-Fe codoped catalyst was found to effectively destruct synthetic dyes and potentially treat real textile effluent achieving 93.4% of COD removal under minimal solar intensity (35-40 kiloLUX). This reveals the practical applicability of the process for the treatment of real wastewater in both high and low insolation regimes.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.341-348
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• 2019

This paper reports the microstructure and electrochemical properties of Si-Al-Fe ternary amorphous alloys prepared by rapid solidification as an anode for lithium secondary batteries. The microstructure was analyzed using XRD and HR-TEM with EDS mapping. In accordance with DSC analysis, annealing was performed to crystallize the active nano-Si in the amorphous alloy. Thus, nano-Si forms (~80 nm) embedded in the matrix alloy, such as $Fe_2Al_3Si_3$, $FeSi_2$, and $Fe_{0.42}Si_{2.67}$, were successfully synthesized. The electrode based on the Si-Al-Fe ternary alloy delivered an initial discharge capacity of approximately $700mAh^{g-1}$, and exhibited a high Coulombic efficiency of 99.0~99.6% from the $2^{nd}$ to $70^{th}$ cycles.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.105-114
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• 2024

Tempering behavior and mechanical properties in AISI H13 steel, quenched and tempered from 300 ℃ to 700 ℃ for different tempering time (1, 2, 5, 10, 20 hr) were quantitatively investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffractometer (XRD), impact test machine, rockwell apparatus, ball-on-disk tester. Under the condition that the tempering time is 2 hours, the hardness increases slightly as the tempering temperature increases, but decreases rapidly when the tempering temperature exceeds 500 ℃, while the impact energy increases in proportion to the tempering temperature. Friction tests were conducted in dry condition with a load of 30 N, and the friction coefficient and wear rate according to tempering conditions were measured to prove the correlation with hardness and microstructure. In addition, primary tempering from 300 ℃ to 700 ℃ was performed at various times to establish a kinetic model to predict hardness under specific tempering conditions.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.10-17
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• 2003

최근에 기능성 양잠으로 관심이 높아지고 있는 Nd-s잠, N$d^{H}$잠의 이화학적 특성분석 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1. 처리온도 증가에 따른 용해성에서 Nd-s잠과 N$d^{H}$잠의 경우 용해도가 증가하였지만 백옥잠은 용해도 정도가 미미하였다. 특히, Nd-s잠의 경우 9$0^{\circ}C$에서의 용해성은 낮았으나 10$0^{\circ}C$경우는 높았다 13$0^{\circ}C$이상에서 연감률은 Hd-s잠과 NdH잠은 100%였고, 백옥잠은 24%였다. 효소처리에 의한 연감률이 Nd-s잠과 N$d^{H}$잠의 경우 처리시간이 경과함에 따라 연감률이 증가하였고, 백옥잠은 3% 이하였다. 2. 아미노산조성에서 Nd-s잠은 글리신 29.l mol%로 가장 높았고, N$d^{H}$잠은 세린 32.6 mol%로 가장 높았다. 정련 전 백옥잠은 글리신 40.3mol%, 정련 후 백옥잠은 글리신 46.3 mol%였다. 3 시차 주사 열량 분석은 Nd-s잠, N$d^{H}$잠, 정련 전$.$후 백옥잠에서 10$0^{\circ}C$이하 peak는 수분증발에 의한 흡열 peak로 보여지고, Nd-s잠, N$d^{H}$잠 및 정련 전 백옥잠은 216$^{\circ}C$∼218$^{\circ}C$에서 열변성 peak로 보여지며, 314$^{\circ}C$∼32$0^{\circ}C$부근에서 peak는 열분해 peak로 보였다. 4. 적외선 분광 분석에서 Nd-s 잠은 결정화도가 44.3%, N$d^{H}$잠은 43.7%, 정련 전 백옥잠은 59.9%, 정련 후 백옥잠은 61.8%로서 Nd-s잠과 N$d^{H}$ 잠은 백옥잠보다 결정화도가 낮았다. 5. X-선 결정화도는 정련 전 Nd-s잠은 35.9, 정련 전 N$d^{H}$ 잠은 33.5%, 백옥잠정련 전이 47.2%, 정련 후 백옥잠은 49.8가 나타났다. 6. N$d^{H}$ 잠의 고치를 12$0^{\circ}C$에서 여과하여 동결건조하여 분말로 만들어 수용성만 이용하여 분자량 측정은 1시간 처리의 수평균분자량은 9,417로 분자량이 제일 크고 골고루 넓은 범위에서 분포되어 있으며, 2시간처리시는 3,744, 4시간처리시는 4,944, 6시간처리시는 3,910으로 평균분자량이 처리시간에 따라 저분자화 되는 경향이었으며, N$d^{H}$ 잠의 수평균분자량은 3,744∼9,417범위로 나타났다.은 3,744∼9,417범위로 나타났다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.33-42
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• 1993

세라믹스를 공업분야에 응용범위를 확대하기 위한 최선의 수단으로 금속과의 복합화를 들수 있다. 금속과 복합화하는 방법중에서 세라믹스/금속접합은 부품의 제조등에 이용될 수 있는 수단으로 많은 연구가 행하여져서 이미 몇몇 부품에 대해서는 실용화가 되고 있고 현재에도 활발히 연구가 되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 여러가지 접합법중에서도 비교적 공정이 간편한 활성 브레이징법을 이용해 $Al_2$$O_3$ 와 304 스테인레스강을 접합하였으며 이때 삽입금속으로는 Cu-Ti합금을 사용하였고 접합온도 및 접합시간 범위는 각각 110$0^{\circ}C$-120$0^{\circ}C$, 0.5h-1.5h, 그리고 브레이징로 내의 분위기는 $10^{-3}$-$10^{-4}$ torr로 유지하였다. 접합후 접합부 조직에 대한 접합조건의 영향을 검토하고 반응생성물을 EDX, WDX 및 XRD을 이용해 분석하였으며 반응층형성을 위한 계면화학반응을 고찰하였다. 그 결과 알루미나와 삽입금속의 계면에서 접합을 유도하는 반응층은 T$i_2$$O_3$임을 확인할 수 있었다.