• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.243-249
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• 2015

Myrrh, Angelicae Radix, and Schisandrae Fructus have been used to treat diverse diseases including neurological disorder in the traditional Korean medicine. In the present study, we investigated the ameliorating effects of HPM-1, a combined extract of Myrrh, Angelicae Radix and Schisandrae Fructus, on scopolamine-induced memory impairments in mice. First, we assessed HPM-1, HPM-2 and HPM-3, in which Myrrh was extracted with water, 30% ethanol, and 30% ethanol/3% vinegar, respectively. The oral administration of HPM-1, HPM-2, or HPM-3 significantly reversed scopolamine-induced reduction of spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze task. In the passive avoidance task, HPM-1 or HPM-3 restored the decreased latency time of the retention trial by scopolamine treatment, but in terms of efficacy, HPM-1 showed more beneficial effects than HPM-3. In addition, HPM-1 administration reversed scopolamine-induced reduction of spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze task and scopolamine-decreased latency time in the passive avoidance in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that HPM-1 has the therapeutic potential in memory impairments.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.541-548
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• 2002

This study, consisting of two experiments, was conducted to determine the effects of feeding heat treated protein and mineral complex (HPM) on milk production and composition, and ruminal fermentation of Holstein dairy cows. In in vitro experiment, HPM levels were 0, 0.2, 1 and 2%, and Timothy hay, which was substrate, was milled as 1 mm size, and the effects of HPM on pH, ammonia and VFA were analyzed after incubation times of 0, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h, respectively. The pH and ammonia production were not significantly different between treatments during the incubation. In addition, generally, total VFA and individual VFA were not affected by HPM on 0, 6 and 24 h. While, total VFA and individual VFA were increased in 0.2% and 1% of HPM supplemented treatments, but decreased in 2% of HPM treatment compared with control on 12 h. On 48 h, total VFA and individual VFA were increased in HPM treatments compared to control (P<0.05). However, A/P ratio was not affected by HPM supplementation. Gas production was higher in HPM treatment compared to control on 24 h (P<0.05) and 48 h (P<0.05). In lactating experiment, fourteen lactating Holstein cows were used for 4 months in a cross over experimental design. There were two treatments; no added HPM as a control and 0.2% of HPM added as a test treatment. Daily milk yield (P<0.001), 4% FCM (P<0.001), milk protein (P<0.05) and SNF (solid not fat; P<0.05) were increased in HPM treatment compared to control. While, milk fat, MUN (milk urea nitrogen) and SCC (somatic cell count) were not significantly different between treatments.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2004

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary herbal plant mixture on the performance in laying hens under heat stress. One hundred ninety two 54-weeks-old ISA Brown commercial layers, were used in 56 d experimental assay. Dietary treatments included CON (control; basal diet), HPM0.05 (basal diet ＋ 0.05% herbal plant mixture), HPM0.1 (basal diet ＋ 0.1% herbal plant mixture), and HPM0.2 (basal diet ＋ 0.2% herbal plant mixture). For overall period, the hens fed with HPM0.1 and HPM0.2 diets showed lower in the hen day egg production than the hens fed with CON diet(P＜0.05). At the end of the experimental period, egg weight was heavier in HPM 0.1 treatment than in CON (P＜0.05). There were no significant differences among the treatments in egg shell breaking strength, egg shell thickness, Haugh unit, and yolk color unit. Total cholesterol concentration of yolk tended to decrease as the level of herbal plant mixture in the diet increased. Total protein of blood was higher in the hens fed with herbal plant mixture than in the hens fed with CON diet (P＜0.05). Albumin concentration of blood was increased in HPM0.05 and HPM0.1 treatments compared with CON(P＜0.05). Red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) concentrations in serum were increased in HPM0.1 and HPM0.2 treatments compared with CON treatment (P＜0.05). In conclusion, dietary herbal plant mixture in laying hens under heat stress adversely affected egg production but increased total protein, albumin, RBC and WBC in blood.

• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 2019

The HPM (High-speed Power Matching) system is an electro-hydraulic control system. It directly controls the swash plate of the pump by selecting four-loop logic based on joystick signals, pump flow, and pressure signal to improve the efficiency and controllability of construction machines. In the NFC (Negative Flow Control) system, a typical pump control system using conventional open center type MCV, the loss is continuously generated by flow through the center bypass line even when the excavator is not in operation. Also, due to the slow response of the pump that indirectly controls the flow rate using the pressure regulator, peak pressure occurs at the start or stop of the operation. Conversely, the HPM system uses an MCV without center-by-pass flow path and the swash plate of a pump for the HPM is controlled by a high-speed proportional flow control valve. As a result, the HPM system minimizes energy loss in standby state of the excavator and enables peak pressure control through rapid electro-hydraulic control of a pump. In this paper, the concept of the HPM system algorithm is introduced and the hydraulic system efficiency is compared with the NFC system using the excavator SAT (System Analysis Tool).

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.261-275
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• 2020

HPM (History and Pedagogy of Mathematics) activities deal with integrating the history of mathematics with the teaching and learning of mathematics. As a teacher of mathematics the author will share his personal experience in the engagement of HPM activities during the past forty-five years with fellow teachers who are interested in such activities and who may wish to know how another teacher goes about doing it.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.587-604
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• 2015

The hybrid-type penalty method (HPM) is suitable for representing failure phenomena occurring during the transition from continua to discontinua in materials such as concrete. Initiation and propagation of dominant cracks and branching of cracks can easily be modeled as a discrete crack. The HPM represents a discrete crack by eliminating the penalty that represents the separation of the elements at the intersection boundary. This treatment is easy because no change in the degrees of freedom for the discrete crack is necessary. In addition, it is important to evaluate the correct deformation of the continua before the crack formation is initiated. To achieve this, we implemented a constitutive model of concrete for the HPM. In this paper, we explain the implemented constitutive model and describe the simulation of an anchor bolt pullout test using the HPM demonstrating its capability for evaluating progressive failure.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.213-221
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• 2015

The aim of this study is to find the factors affecting attitude on u-health system using Pender's Health Promotion Model (HPM) and also, analyze the moderating effect of gender variable in research model. To assess the proposed research model based on HPM, this study adopted Partial Least Square (PLS) method using Smartpls 2.0 version for the evaluation of research model. Thus, this study used survey questionnaire in order to collect useful data to potential users of u-health system. As a result of analysis, the examined variables explain 29% of variance on attitude to use of the u-health system. According to the PLS analysis, self efficacy and perceived benefits showed significantly positive relationship on attitude to use of u-health system. In addition, on the moderating effect of gender variable, female had more interest on self efficacy for positive attitude on use of u-health system.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.513-525
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• 2017

In the estimation of the exploitable carrying capacity (ECC) in the Korean water of the East China Sea, two approaches, which are the ecosystem modeling method (EMM) and the holistic production method (HPM), were applied. The EMM is accomplished by Ecopath with Ecosim model using a number of ecological data and fishery catch for each species group, which was categorized by a self-organizing mapping (SOM) based on eight biological characteristics of species. In this method, the converged value during the Ecosim simulation by setting the instantaneous rate of fishing mortality (F) as zero was estimated as the ECC of each group. The HPM is to use surplus production models for estimateing ECC. The ECC estimates were 4.6 and 5.1 million mt (mmt) from EMM and HPM, respectiverly. The estimate from the EMM has a considerable uncertainty due to the lack of confidence in input ecological parameters, especially production/biomass ratio (P/B) and consumption/biomass ratio (Q/B). However, ECC from the HPM was estimated on the basis of relatively fewer assumptions and long time-series fishery data as input, so the estimate from the HPM is regarded as more reasonable estimate of ECC, although the ECC estimate could be considerd as a preliminary one. The quality of input data should be improved for the future study of the ECC to obtain more reliable estimate.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2009.07a
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• pp.1559_1560
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• 2009

본 논문은 고출력 전자파인 HPM(High Power microwave)에 대해서 아날로그 스위치 칩이 어떠한 영향을 받는지를 규명하는데 목적이 있다. 이때 아날로그 스위치 칩은 기판위에서 동작시키면서 분석하였다. 아날로그 스위치를 on/off 시키면서 정상동작 할 때의 입력과 출력을 시간영역에서 분석한 후에 외부에서 고출력 마이크로파를 입사시켜 주었다. 칩이 고출력 마이크로파에 직접노출 되었을 때의 입력과 출력을 시간영역에서 분석하고 정상동작할 때의 입력, 출력과 비교분석하였다. 이는 고출력 전자파가 외부전자장비에 입사되어졌을 때, 외부전자장비가 영향을 받아 오작동을 한다는 것을 규명한다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.221-232
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• 2015

In this study, Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM) is used to solve the nonlinear oscillators with damping. We have considered two strong nonlinear equations to show the application of the method. The Runge-Kutta's algorithm is used to obtain the numerical solution for the problems. The method works very well for the whole range of initial amplitudes and does not demand small perturbation and also sufficiently accurate to both linear and nonlinear physics and engineering problems. Finally to show the accuracy of the HPM, the results have been shown graphically and compared with the numerical solution.