• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.23 no.3 s.99
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• pp.327-336
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• 2007

Life-style factors often include social relationships as well as consumption, entertainment and dress patterns. They also typically reflect an individual's attitudes, values and worldview. Life-style types have become and an important factor for segmenting customer markets ever since significant relationships between life-style and customers' behavior was proven. This study examined the relationships between the life-styles of young customers' and the important attributes of foodservice encounters. Factors analysis with VARIMAX and K-means cluster analysis were conducted to group the subjects by life-style. According to the factors analysis, four underlying dimensions were identified and labeled: (1) 'actively fashioned', (2) 'luxury picky', (3) 'healthy toward', and (4) 'utilitarian leisure'. Based on the factor scores derived from the factors analysis, the K-means cluster analysis classified three groups as statistically significant using ANOVA(p<0.05). The overall mean score for the 3rd cluster 'trendy-active picky' was higher than the other two clusters, and represented very picky attitudes about foodservice attributes. The 3rd cluster also seemed to apply higher standards to all of the foodservice attributes. By order of importance, the most important attributes of the 2nd cluster 'pursue-utilitarian leisure' were food serving time, automation systems, server's hygienes, employee kindness, time in line, and menu variety. In spite of low concerns for the life-style attributes, the first cluster 'passively indifferent' recognized menu variety, food sanitation, food serving time, server's hygiene, menu price, air circulation, and room temperature as important. These results suggest that young diners in Korea could be classified by their diverse life-styles that are represented as trendy, utilitarian, and indifferent and will hopefully contribute to the foodservice industry's ability to segment customer characteristics by different life-styles in Korea.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.95-102
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• 2017

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the emission of VOCs from clothing that had been dry cleaned. Methods: In order to ensure the same conditions, f100% wool scarves were selected as the fabric type. Four identical tests were conducted on the option of either removing the plastic bags which came from the dry cleaning shop or not. The scarf was located inside a closet or room for one or two days. Small chamber tests were conducted to determine the VOC emission characteristics under the same conditions such as temperature, humidity, loading factor, and air exchange rates. Air from the chamber for VOCs was sampled by Tenax TA tube and analyzed by thermal desorption and GC/MSD. Results: Assuming that test represented dry cleaning and consumer's conditions well enough, we can conclude that immediate emissions after the dry cleaning of the scarfs caused elevated levels of TVOC, five VOCs (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, stylene), and decane group compounds. Conclusions: By removing the plastic bags which came from the dry cleaning shop or not, the storage conditions of dry cleaned scarfs by consumers during the storage time periods (one to three days) would be significant for reducing VOC emissions.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.51-58
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• 2008

The Youth Hostel in Korea, differently from that of other countries, has been introduced in order to attract School Excursion Group, and was developed as one of Youth Training Facilities. Youth Hostel as Youth Training Facility can be utilized as a healthy experiential space for youth education, as a stage for an international interchange, as a field for the lifelong education of various classes, and is also the Lodging Accommodation which is now highly appearing of the demand as a safe and educational lodging place to both individuals and family-unit tourists. The Purpose of this Research is aimed to provide the necessary fundamental materials to the planned forthcoming future Youth Hostel, after grasping of such present status as well as its structure and composition of space and spacial characteristic. Since Youth Hostel in Korea is managing on the center of the basis for youths and other groups, in order to compute the proper heads, it is required the scale-level which can accommodate all students in One-Unit Grade of a school at minimum. Accordingly, it seems that must be equipped with accommodating capacity of more than 300~400 persons. As because of recent quality-improvement in the portion of Youth Hostel Lodging, it is under planning with containing of the Sanitary Space at inside of lodging room, and Self-Cooking Space as well. In compliance with such various particulars, it looks that the lodging area should be at least more than $3.5m^2$ per a person.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.388-391
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• 2002

Rancidity of a soybean oil is investigated by an electrochmical method. The redox process of the soybean oil is totally irreversible and diffusion-controlled reaction. As scan rates are faster, the anodic peak potential of the soybean oil is shifted to the positive potential and the anodic current is increased. The anodic peak potentials of the soybean oil is not rarely changed up to open-42 days in the both atmosphere and room temperature. After the open times, the anodic peak potential is largely shifted to a negative direction. This indicates the oxidation of the soybean oil becomes easier. The anodic peak current of the soybean oil is decreased gradually up to open-42 days. But after the open times, the anodic peak current increases suddenly. It must be due to the formation of a carbonyl group owing to rancidity of the soybean oil.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.101-108
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• 2013

This study was to investigate the effect of addition levels of odor reducing contents on reducing the concentration of odorous compounds. Slurry treatments included three levels mixture of horseradish powder (HP), mushroom waste (MW) and probiotics powder (PP), and non-treatment control (n=4 each group). Levels of odorous compounds were measured from the liquid slurry incubated in room temperature ($20{\sim}25^{\circ}C$) for 2 wk in chamber whose structure is similar to slurry pit. Concentration of phenols and indoles was lower (p<0.05) in level 1, which was mixed HP 0.01%, MW 0.4% and PP 0.004% (98.69, 1.87 ppm) compared to control. Short chain fatty acid (SCFA) and branched chain fatty acid (BCFA) was lowest (p<0.05) level 1 (6,557, 1675 ppm). Taken together, lower level are effective in reducing odorous compounds in pig slurry.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.08a
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• pp.125-125
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• 2011

In this study, we investigated the electrical, optical, structural, and surface properties of indium zinc oxide (IZO)/Ag/IZO multilayer electrode grown by specially designed roll-to-roll sputtering system using the flexible substrate. By the continuous roll-to-roll sputtering of the bottom IZO, Ag, and top IZO layers at room temperature, they were able to fabricate a high quality IZO/Ag/IZO multilayer electrode. At optimized conditions, the bottom IZO layer (40 nm) was deposited on a flexible substrate. After deposition of the Bottom IZO layer, Ag layer was deposited onto the bottom IZO film as a function of DC power (200~500 W). Subsequently, the top IZO layer was deposited onto the Ag layer at identical deposition conditions to the bottom IZO layer (40 nm). We investigated the characteristics of IZO/Ag/IZO multilayer electrode as a function of Ag thickness. It was found that the electrical and optical properties of IZO/Ag/IZO multilayer electrode was mainly affected thickness of the Ag layer at optimized condition. In case of IZO/Ag/IZO multilayer electrode with the Ag power (350W), it exhibited a low sheet resistance of 7.1 ohm/square and a high transparency of 86.4%. Furthermore, we fabricated the touch screen panel using the IZO/Ag/IZO multilayer electrode, which demonstrate the possibility of the IZO/Ag/IZO multilayer electrode grown by roll-to-roll sputtering system as a transparent conducting layer in the touch screen panel.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.284-292
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• 2018

This study was conducted to determine the elements that are required and that need improvement in the contents of dietary life education and the educational environment by analyzing the importance-satisfaction of a dietary life education program for dietary life education trainees. The results of the rank test for the satisfactory elements of dietary life education were in the order of competence of instructors, educational contents, time of education, educational environment and affordability of tuition. The importance-satisfaction analysis of the contents and construction of the dietary life education program showed that "suitable contents for the theme of the class", "contents and construction of practice class", "diversity of practice menu" and "diversity of educational contents" had high importance and satisfaction scores and therefore, could be maintained at their current levels. Meanwhile, "adequacy of class time" and "contents and construction of theory class" showed low importance and satisfaction scores, requiring a little effort. Whereas, "time and construction of group practice", "structure of textbook for class" and "duration of course and number of classes" showed relatively low satisfaction compared to importance, requiring major efforts for improvement. Similarly, analysis of the lecture element from dietary life education showed that "professional lecture by instructors", "lectures suitable for themes" and "lecture applicable in real life" had relatively low satisfaction compared to importance, requiring major efforts for improvement. In addition, analysis of the educational environment from dietary life education showed that "adequacy of lecture room space", "cooking equipment", "diversity of cooking utensils" and "sanitary condition of cooking utensils" also require major efforts for improvement. Therefore, dietary life education should not be executed with a simple delivery of knowledge but with both theory and practice classes to increase its application in real life, and active and specific efforts are required to nurture professional instructors and establish educational strategies.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.107-114
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• 2017

Pseudo capacitors belong to one group of super capacitors which are consisted with non carbon based electrodes. As such, conducting polymers and metal oxide materials have been employed for pseudo capacitors. Conducting polymer based pseudo capacitors have received a great attention due to their interesting features such as flexibility, low cost and ease of synthesis. Much work has been done using liquid electrolytes for those pseudo capacitors but has undergone various drawbacks. It has now been realized the use of solid polymer electrolytes as an alternative. Among them gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) are in a key place due to their high ambient temperature conductivities as well as suitable mechanical properties. In this study, composition of a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based GPE was optimized and it was employed as the electrolyte in a pseudo capacitor having polypyrrole (PPy) electrodes. GPE was prepared using ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN) and PAN as starting materials. The maximum room temperature conductivity of the GPE was $1.92{\times}10^{-3}Scm^{-1}$ for the composition 202.5 PAN : 500 EC : 500 PC : 35 NaSCN (by weight). Performance of the pseudo capacitor was investigated using Cyclic Voltammetry technique, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) technique and Continuous Charge Discharge (GCD) test. The single electrode specific capacity (Cs) was found out to be 174.31 F/g using Cyclic Voltammetry technique at the scan rate of 10 mV/s and within the potential window -1.2 V to 1.2 V. The same value obtained using EIS was about 84 F/g. The discharge capacity ($C_d$) was 69.8 F/g. The capacity fade over 1000 cycles was rather a low value of 4%. The results proved the suitability of the pseudo capacitor for improving the performance further.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 2002

This study examined the chemical and sensory characteristics of Altari Dongchimi with inoculation of Leuconostoc citreum IH22. Dongchimi was stored at room temperature for the first day and at 4$^{\circ}C$ from 2nd to 28th day. The pH was somewhat lower in Altari Dongchimi when first inoculated with Leuconostoc citreum IH22 than non -treated Dongchimi. As fermentation proceeded, titratable acidity of Altari Dongchimi significantly increased. The patterns of microflcral changes in both the inoculated and the control were similar during fermentation: the total number of bacteria increased at the beginning, but rapidly decreased right after the optimum ripening point. The hardness and fracturability of both Dongchimi's decreased gradually during fermentation. The evaluation of the sensory qualities showed that the sour taste and fresh taste resulted in similar scores in both Dongchimi's but overall acceptability of the control was higher than that of inoculated one with Leuconostoc citreum IH22.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 1978

The growing behavior of Candida albicans in various concentration of glucose and corticosteroid media was studied with the method of modified hanging slide culture. The strains of Candida albicans used in this study were obtained from vaginal swab from outpatients and were isolated from cultured colonies on Sabouraud's glucose agar media. To detect the budding rate of blastospore, the diluted suspension of Candida albicans in normal saline were inoculated into various concentration of glucose (Gl, G2, G3, G4), corticosteroid (S1, S2, S3, S4) and corticosteroid with 10% pepton broth (D1, D2, D3, D4) respectively and cultured at room temperature $(22{\sim}25^{\circ}C)$. The number of budding of blastospore were counted under the high power field of light microscope (400X) at specific time interval, e.g, 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 hours after inoculation. The results are as following: 1. The most effective budding rate was seen in G4 media (1.25% glucose) in 18 hours aft inoculation (89%). 2. The budding rate in Sabouraud's glucose broth with various concentration of dexamethasone added, was not significantly different from that of simple Sabouraud's glucose broth within 18 hours after inoculation, but there was statistically. significant difference in two budding rate at 24 hours observation. 3. The budding rate in 10% pepton broth media with various concentration of dexamethasone was almost same budding rate in control group, which is normal saline and 10% pepton broth, except on 2 and 24 hours results.