• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.99-108
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• 2013

Previous laboratory studies have shown that prosodic structures are encoded in the modulations of phonetic patterns of speech including suprasegmental as well as segmental features. In particular, effects of prosodic context on duration and intensity of syllables and words have been widely reported. Drawing on prosodically annotated large-scale speech data from the Buckeye corpus of conversational speech of American English, the current study attempted to examine whether and how prosodic prominence and phrase boundary of everyday conversational speech, as determined by a large group of ordinary listeners, are related to the phonetic realization of duration and intensity. The results showed that the patterns of word durations and intensities are influenced by prosodic structure. Closer examinations revealed, however, that the effects of prosodic prominence are not the same as those of prosodic phrase boundary. With regard to intensity measures, the results revealed the systematic changes in the patterns of overall RMS intensity near prosodic phrase boundary but the prominence effects are restricted to the nucleus. In terms of duration measures, both prosodic prominence and phrase boundary are the most closely related to the lengthening of the nucleus. Yet, prosodic prominence is more closely related to the lengthening of the onset while phrase boundary lengthens the coda duration more. The findings from the current study suggest that the phonetic realizations of prosodic prominence are different from those of prosodic phrase boundary, and speakers signal different prosodic structures through deliberate modulations of the internal phonetic structure of words and listeners attend to such phonetic variations.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.605-610
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• 2013

A cryptography for enforcing hierarchic groups in a system where hierarchy is represented by a partially ordered set was introduced by Akl et al. But the key generation algorithm of Akl et al. is infeasible when there is a large number of users. To overcome this shortage, in 1985, MacKinnon et al. proposed a paper containing a condition which prevents cooperative attacks and optimizes the assignment. In 2005, Kim et al. proposed the key management systems for using one-way hash function, RSA algorithm, poset dimension and Clifford semigroup in the context of modern cryptography, the key management system using Clifford semigroup of imaginary quadratic non-maximal orders. We, in this paper, show that Kim et al. cryptosystem is insecure in some reasons and propose a revised cryptosystem.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.755-763
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• 2010

This study was intended to identify the persuasion effects according to social proof message type and product type in the context of online cosmetic advertising. For the experiment, 4 stimuli were developed as experimental stimuli for the 2(social proof message type: attitudinal social proof message, behavioral social proof message)${\times}$2(product type: hedonic product, utilitarian product) factorial design. A total of 160 questionnaires allocating forty students to each group were distributed. The results were as follows. First, behavioral social proof message showed more effective than attitudinal social proof message in advertisement attention, click-through intention and purchase intention. Second, utilitarian product showed more effective than hedonic product in advertisement attention, click-through intention and purchase intention. Third, there was interaction effect according to social proof message type and product type on the aspect of click-through intention.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.297-301
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• 2016

ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29WG11 MPEG has been standardizing UD(user description) to give a user personalized recommendation services. Besides, CD(context description), service description(SD), and recommendation description(RD) are recently being standardized by UD Adhoc Group in MPEG with an advanced UD to cope with needs of current and upcoming services such as augmented reality and social network. The descriptions was reflected to MPEG-UD WD(Working Draft) at MPEG $107^{th}$ meeting and the document was finally approved as international standard by national bodies with standard number(ISO/IEC IS 21000-22 UD) at $114^{th}$ MPEG meeting. In addition, reference software WD to validate conformance of UD standard was approved at $113^{th}$ MPEG meeting. In this paper, we developed a demo program for visual communication according to guideline defined in reference software WD to validate the reference software as well as UD standard.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.214-246
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• 1994

As the use of information technology continues to bring a dramatic increase in the amount of data available to managers, researchers have noted that having too much data can be as much of a problem as having too little. It becomes very important to understand the effects of "information explosion" on the way managers perform their work. This study examines the effect of the amount of available data on the process and outcome of thinking within a context where managers are equipped with computing tools. The purpose of this study is to better understand how managers respond cognitively to increased information availability. In this experiment with 104 MBAs three groups of subjects were asked to identify high and low potential market categories for effective direct mail sales based on three different amount of computer-based socioeconomic data designed based on existing research on cognition and information overload. Analyses of the outcomes showed that the group with medium amount of data used data and computer-based analysis tools most effectively and efficiently. We expect that the study will provide us a base to relate future MIS research to theories on cognition in such related fields as psychology and organizational behavior.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.42-51
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• 1997

Although a family-centered approach to health care for developmentally disabled children has been advocated, existing systems of care have not adequately addressed the support needs of the family system and the essential role that parents play in the daily care of these children. The overall purpose of this research is to examine family system adaptation to the care of a developmetally disabled child using the Resiliency Model of Family Stress, Adjustement, and Adaptation Framework. Relationships among family system demands (stressors, strains, transitions, child's illness factors) and family system strengths and capabilities(resource of social support) were examined to determine their separate and combined contribution to explanining the variability in family system outcomes (family system coping ). The subject for this study was 46 families who have a child with developmental disabilities(mental retardation and / or autism) from three special educational programs in Seoul, Korea. Results from correlation and hierachial regression analysis revealed that perceived social support operated as a resiliency factor between family stress and coping. Child and family characteristics appeared to be important predictors of perceived social support and coping. In summary, there is evidence that the resource of social support as a family strength and capability was found to improve the family coping. These findings also must be viewed within the context that sample of families of children with disabilities was relatively small and eligible families from support group of special educational program.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.296-308
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics and differences of gesture between career teachers and novice teachers in elementary science class. In order to analyze the gesture of elementary science teachers, gesture analysis framework was developed. The teachers who participated in the experiment were 2 beginner teachers and 2 career teachers. We analyzed 'bones and muscles', 'digestion', 'breathing', and 'excretion' of 'body' section in the second semester of 5th grade. The video recording of the class scene with the camcorder was recorded and analyzed by Observer XT. The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, the career teacher lessens unnecessary gestures than the novice teacher. During the class, the career teachers lessened the gestures not related to the context of the class. These differences were more prominent in the activities of the group with many unexpected situations than those of the teachers who prepared the class contents. Second, career teachers have more communication control act than novice teachers. Career teachers have often made adjustments to induce learner presentations or control unnecessary utterances. Third, career teachers efficiently interacted with learners using gestures that can enhance communication.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.505-519
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• 2005

The purpose of the study is to survey on the parental education practiced in kindergarten context and to investigate the need for the parental education of personnel involved. To satisfy these purposes, 179 mothers and 175 fathers with 3 to 5 year olds, and 186 teachers and 59 directors of the kindergarten business were asked to complete a survey questionnaire designed for the study. The results indicate that for the present, most kindergartens in Daejeon have practiced parental education programs including weekly letters and parents' day. New subject- appropriate programs development is needed, though. The three groups of subjects had differing views on the need for parental education. The views tend to differ by socio-economic status of each group member, thus indicating the importance of developing and adopting various parental education programs and methods according to the difference. It will contribute to maximizing the effect of the education. Data collected in the study were expected to be used for the development of effective parental education programs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.56 no.5 s.104
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• pp.89-104
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to explain how a power group in a society forms features of sexuality in dress. As for the research methodology, first, historical research was undertaken to study in socioeconomic context in which sexuality has been formed and transformed. Second, demonstrative studies on sexual-image styles were undertaken through the analysis of pictures and photos. Third, analysis of the relationship between the power and sexuality in dress was done by literature research. Masculinity in dress, such as simplicity and concealment, corresponds to the attributes of the viewer, and femininity in dress, such as decoration and exposure, corresponds to the attributes of the viewee. Power struggle is the complex process of forming of the viewer-viewee relationship. The one who grasps the power becomes the viewer. In the shift from the Industrial Society to the Information and Technology Society, powers are horizontally spread over the society and the stereotype of sexuality in both women's and men's dress is fading out. In the field of design, standards and certainty described by absolute power are losing their importance. The 'chaotic' view of a world filled with mutual exchange of masculinity and femininity and uncertainty of sexuality will be sure to be a dominant trend in fashion.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.5-26
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• 1993

In order to analyze travel mode choice behavior, behavioral models including logit model, based on revealed preference theory, have been using easily measurable variables such as individual socioeconomic characteristics and physical attributes of travel modes. But some recent attitudinal models of travel choice behavior have implied that the negligence of individual psychological variables and individual choice constraints in travel mode choice might preclude better prediction of individual travel mode choice behavior. In this context, this study was attempted to reconstruct an attitudinal model(AM), especially focused on the decision rules in travel mode choice decision making process, consistent with the conceptual framework relating individual attitude and choice constraints to choice behavior. And to evaluate the strengths of the AM to other comparative models(logit, linear-additive, conjunctive, lexicographic model) in predicting travel mode choice bebavior, an empirical study of the mode choice in work-trip to CBD in Seoul was performed. According to the results the percent of correct prediction(PCP) derived from the AM was higher than those derived from comparative models by at least 7 to 20% in predicting travel mode choice. But each model produced a different prediction accuracy depending on market segmentation by travel modal users, individual socioeconomic characteristics, transportation system characteristics, and satisfaction levels. The finding that different groups divided by a certain criterion employ different decision rules supports the necessity of developing a choice model such as the AM combining compensatory and noncompensatory decision rules, and suggests that a proposed transportation system management plan or policy may have different effects on each group.