• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.145-150
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• 2000

Out-of-sphericity is degree of deformation of an air bearing sphere deviated from a perfect sphere. This paper investigates numerically the effect of out-of-sphericity error on the radial stiffness of an air bearing Three types of out-of-sphericity modes are considered. in this study the stiffness is calculated from pressure distribution at the bearing surface which is obtained by solving th Reynolds equation. in some cases large out-of-sphericity errors are found to improve the stiffnesses of air bearings. This implies that an air bearing of perfect hemispheres is not necessarily of the best performance. Thus much labor and cost in manufacturing air bearings can be saved, In addition the radial stiffness of an air bearing depends greatly on the application direction.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 1993년도 제18회 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.39-50
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• 1993

최근 회전계의 고속화, 소형화 및 정숙운전에 대한 요구가 엄격해짐에 따라 볼베어링을 저어널베어링으로 대체하는 흐름이 증가하고 있으나, 저어널베어링의 기본 구조상 운전시 여러 종류의 진동모드가 발생되며 이에 따라 엄밀한 설계가 요구된다. 이러한 요구에 따라 본 연구에서는 불안정성을 억제할 수 있는 것으로 알려진 빗살무늬 저어널베어링을 대상으로 하여 보다 정확한 설계를 위한 수치해석 프로그램을 개발하였다. 빗살무늬저어널베어링의 해석법으로는 간극의 비선형성을 단순화 시키기 위하여 무한홈을 가정한 협곡이론을 시초로 하여 최근에는 컴류터 계산속도의 발달로 실제 형상에 대해 해석한 직접계산법 등이 알려져 있다. 직접계산법은 협곡이론에 의한 계산법에 비해 많은 시간이 걸리는 단점이 있으나, 베어링이 소형화되어 실제 많은 홈을 가공하기 힘들거나 홈이 원호형으로서 직각홈으로 가정하기가 곤란한 요소에서는 협곡이론을 적용하는데 무리가 있을 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 직접계산법을 채택하여 소형 베어링 모델에 대한 부하특성을 수치해석하고, 이를 협곡이론과의 비교를 통하여 그 차이점을 검토하였다. 이를 위해 압축성을 고려한 레이놀즈 방정식에 대한 베어링 주위의 압력분포를 계산하는 프로그램을 제작하였으며, 주어진 설계조건하에서 빗살무늬 형상을 결정하는 피라미터들의 최적값을 산출하고, 아울러 플레인저어널베어링과의 비교를 통하여 설계조건에 따른 빗살무늬저어널베어링의 기존 불베어리의 대체 가능성을 평가하였다.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.245-250
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• 2005

Recently, micro machining technology for high precision mold becomes more interested for mass production of high performance optical parts micro-grooved on the surface, which is under very active development due to its effectiveness in the view point of optical performance. Mechanical micro machining technology now has more competitiveness on lithography, MEMS or LIGA processes which have some problems to fabricate especially cylinder type of groove in such as lenticular lens for illumination angle modulation system. In this study. a lenticular lens mold with U-type micro groove is fabricated making utilizing of the benefit of the mechanical micro machining technology. A shaping machining process is adapted using 3 axis degree of freedom micro machining system and single crystal natural diamond tool. A brass and a electroless nickel materials are used for mold fabrication. Machining force, chip shape and machined surface are investigated from the experiment and an optimal machining condition is found based on the examined problems from the micro cutting process.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2003

Narrow gap welding has many advantages over conventional V-grooved butt welding such as high productivity, small deformation and improved mechanical property of joints. With narrower groove gap, less arc heat input is expected will all the other advantages of narrow gap welding. The main defects of narrow gap welding include the lack of root fusion, convex bead surface and irregular surface, all of which have negative effects on the next welding pass. This paper suggests an up-and-down torch oscillation for ultra narrow gap welding with gap size of 5mm and investigates the proper welding conditions to fulfill the reliable and high welding quality. First, GMA welding model was suggested for ultra narrow gap welding system with Halmoy's model referenced for wire melting modeling. And the arc length in ultra narrow gap was defined. Secondly, based on the experimental results of up-and-down torch oscillation welding, phase shift of current and wire extension length were simulated for varying oscillation frequency to show that weld the bead shape in ultra narrow gap welding can be predicted. As the result, it was confirmed that reliable weld quality in ultra narrow gap welding can be achieved with up-and-down torch oscillation above 15Hz due to its ability to provide uniform heat input along the sidewall of gap.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1995년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부
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• pp.348-351
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• 1995

A modified silicon direct bonding method has been developed alloying an intimate contact between grooved and smooth mirror-polished oxide-free silicon wafers. A regular set of grooves was formed during preparation of heavily doped $p^+$-type grid network by oxide-masking und boron diffusion. Void-free bonded interfaces with filing of the grooves were observed by x-ray diffraction topography, infrared, optical. and scanning electron microscope techniques. The presence of regularly formed grooves in bending plane results in the substantial decrease of dislocation over large areas near the interface. Moreover two strongly misoriented waters could be successfully bonded by new technique. Diodes with bonded a pn-junction yielded a value of the ideality factor n about 1.5 and the uniform distribution of series resistance over the whole area of horded pn-structure. The suitability of the modified technique was confirmed by I - V characteristics of power diodes and reversly switched-on dynistor(RSD) with a working area about $12cm^2$. Both devices demonstrated breakdown voltages close to the calculation values.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 추계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.322-327
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• 2000

This paper investigates the time-dependent crack growth in X20CrMoV 12 1 steel weld joints. Crack growth test are carried out $545^{\circ}C$ on side-grooved 1/2T CT specimens under static loads. A simulated material is produced for the intercritical HAZ, where fracture normally occurs. Constitutive properties are obtained for the simulated HAZ material as well as for the base metal and weld metal. Finite element analyses of crack growth are performed on the models with and without a HAZ layer, using the experimental crack length-time history. The inclusion of HAZ layer increase the load line velocities significantly. The crack growth rates are correlated reasonably well with $C^*$. The smallest crack size for the validity of $C^*$ is found much smaller than the ASTM crack initiation size for 1T CT specimen of creep ductile materials.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.239-244
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• 2003

This study concerns the performance of condensing heat transfer in two-phase closed thermosyphons with various helical grooves. Distilled water, methanol, ethanol have been used as the working fluid. In the present work, a copper tube of the length of 1200mm and 14.28mm of inside diameter is used as the container of the thermosyphon. Each of the evaporator and the condenser section has a length of 550mm, while the remaining part of the thermosyphon tube is adiabatic section. A experimental study was carried out for analyzing the performances of having 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 helical grooves. A plain thermosyphon having the same inner and outer diameter as the grooved thermosyphons is also tested for the comparison. The type of working fluid and the numbers of grooves of the thermosyphons with various helical grooves have been used as the experimental parameters. The experimental results have been assessed and compared with existing theories. The results show that the type of working fluids are very important factors for the operation of thermosyphons. And the maximum enhancement (i.e. the ratio of the heat transfer coefficients the helical thermosyphons to plain thermosyphons) is $1.5{\sim}2$ for condensation.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.289-300
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• 2002

The Lago Sofia conglomerates encased in the Cretaceous Cerro Toro Formation, southern Chile, represent a gigantic submarine channel system developed along a foredeep trough. The channel system consists of several tributaries along the trough margin and a trunk channel along the trough axis. Voluminous debris flows were generated ubiquitously along the tract of the submarine channel mainly by the failure of nearby channel banks or slopes. The flows transformed immediately into multiphase flows and resulted in very thick-bedded mass-flow deposits with a peculiar structure sequence. The mass-flow deposits commonly overlie fluted or grooved surfaces and consist of a lower division of clast-supported and imbricated pebble-cobble conglomerate with common basal inverse grading, and an upper division of clast- to matrix-supported and disorganized pebble conglomerate or pebbly mudstone with abundant intraformational clasts. The structure sequence suggests a temporal succession of a turbidity current, a bipartite hyperconcentrapted flow with active clast collisions near the flow base, and a cohesive debris flow probably with a rigid plug. The multiphase flow is interpreted to have resulted from transformation of clast-rich but cohesive debris flows. Cohesive debris flows appear to transform more easily into dilute flow types in subaqueous environments because they are apt to hydroplane. This is in contrast to the flow transitions in subaerial environments where noncohesive debris flows are dominant and difficult to hydroplane.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2003

다단 원판형 드래그펌프의 배기특성을 출구측 압력변화에 따른 입구측의 압력을 측정함으로써 파악하였다. 압력측정범위는 유량이 없을 때 출구측에서 0.13∼533 Pa로 하였다. 펌프 로터의 회전 속도는 24,000rpm이며, 질소가스를 사용하여 유량에 대한 성능실험을 수행하였다. 본 연구에서는 원판의 단의 수에 따른 원판형 드래그 펌프의 성능을 측정하였다. 3단, 2단, 단단형으로 원판형 드래그펌프를 구성하여 성능 실험하였으며, 최대도달진공도, 최대압축비, 배기속도등을 각각 측정하여 상호 성능을 비교·고찰하였다.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.410-420
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• 2016

The geometric dimension and shape of microchannels that are formed during surface texturing are widely studied for applications in flow control, and drag and friction reduction. In this research, a new method for controlling the deformation of U channels during micro-rolling-based surface texturing was developed. Since the width of the U channels is almost constant, controlling the depth is essential. A calibration procedure of initial rolling gap, and proportional-integral PI controllers and a linear interpolation have been applied simultaneously to control the depth. The PI controllers drive the position of the pre-U grooved roll as well as the rolling gap. The relationship between the channel depth and rolling gap is linearized to create a feedback signal in the depth control system. The depth of micro channels is studied on A2021 aluminum lamina surfaces. Overall, the experimental results demonstrated the feasibility of the method for controlling the depth of microchannels.