• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.39-40
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• 2011

The 62nd session of the MARINE Environment Protection Committee was held in London from 11 to 15 July 2011. Mandatory measures to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from international shipping were adopted at the Committee. The amendment to MARPOL Annex VI includes a new chapter 4 to make mandatory the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) for new ships and the Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) for all ships. This first mandatory measures on energy efficiency will enter into force on 1 January 2013. This amendment to MARPOL Annex VI will significantly influences the vast majority of the international maritime community. This paper mainly discusses the main results of MEPC 62nd session including the recent Emission Control Area.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.377-398
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• 2007

The objectives of this thesis were to search for effective methods of the livestock manure management through analysis of the livestock manure management cost and prepare for cuts in greenhouse gases emission by applying CDM in the fields of livestock in 2013. In the situation where most farmhouses are disposing the pig manure by ocean disposal, it is urgent to make an alternative plan since ocean disposal will be prohibited from 2012. Biogasplant is being highlighted from the point that can produce heat and electricity by using methane generated when the manure is disposed, and that can produce barnyard manure and liquid manure. As biogasplant generates energy using methane, it will contribute to decreasing global warming with the effect of greenhouse gases reduction, and trading emission reductions through CDM will result in creating revenue.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-30
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• 2009

Emission trading schemes, exemplified by the EU Emission Trading Scheme, have been playing active roles in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions since the Kyoto Protocol employed an emission trading as one of the cost-effective mechanisms. The objective of this study is to investigate potential integration of forestry offsets in designing an emission trading scheme in South Korea. First, the study found feasible scopes in which forestry sectors can take part by analyzing five emission trading schemes: EU Emission Trading Scheme, Chicago Climate Exchange, New South Wales Greenhouse Gas Abatement Scheme, New Zealand Emission Trading Scheme, and Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative. The rationale of including forestry offsets in a domestic emission trading scheme was derived from the fact that forestry offset credits can provide cost-effective ways for market participants to commit their emission targets and expand abatement activities through reducing greenhouse gases in other geographical locations as well as other industrial sectors. Even though forestry offset credits have risks induced by their technical complexities in terms of accounting, additionality, and leakage, the integration of forestry offset credits into an emission trading scheme would be able to provide positive opportunities both to forestry sectors and other industrial sectors. In addition, there are technical questions which need to be answered in order to maintain these opportunities.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.111-118
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• 2001

This study was performed for measuring the emission of greenhouse gases, $CH_4,\;N_2O$, from the composting process for pig slurry. For the experiment the benchscale pilot plant was designed by 1$m^3$ volume reactor with a closed type and operated; sawdust 142kg filled before input slurry, slurry about 10~20l inputed per day (total 380l), air supplied 5l/min for 24 hours, mixing time 10 min./day and 1 time a day. From the total experiment period(30days), the amount of VS degradation and emission $CH_4$, $N_2O$ were 10.9kg-VS and 1,582.4g-$CH_4$, 68.1g-$N_2O$ respectively. Based on VS inputed the emission of $CH_4$, $N_2O$ were 15.3(g-$CH_4$/kg-V $S_{input}$), 0.7(g-$N_2O$ /kg-V $S_{input}$), and based on VS degradated were 145.2(g-$CH_4$/kg-V $S_{removed}$), 6.2(g-$N_2O$ /kg-V $S_{removed}$).

• Advances in environmental research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.123-148
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• 2023

The first part of the study involved calculating emission factors from electricity production. The second part of the study aimed to analyze perceptions of the concept of carbon dioxide utilization and was conducted through a questionnaire survey with participants from Almaty and Astana. The results showed that there were no significant improvements in the decrease of carbon dioxide emissions between 2017 and 2020. Almost no change occurred in the rate of carbon dioxide emission throughout the course of the four years. According to the results of the survey, a number of respondents had reservations about the feasibility of using carbon dioxide utilization as a solution to tackle climate change. They felt that this technology would only offer a temporary solution to carbon emissions, without addressing the underlying causes of the problem. Despite these concerns, the participants acknowledged that carbon dioxide utilization had certain advantages in promoting sustainability.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.111-119
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• 2015

The negative factors of fishery in environmental aspect of view are Greenhouse gas emission problems by high usage of fossil fuel, destruction of underwater ecosystem by bottom trawls, reduction of resources by fishing and damage of ecosystem diversity. Especially, the Greenhouse gas emission from fisheries is an important issue due to Canc$\acute{u}$n meeting, Mexico in 1992 and Kyoto protocol in 2005. However, the investigation on the GHG emissions from Korean fisheries did not much carry out. Therefore, the quantitative analysis of GHG emissions from Korean fishery industry is needed as a first step to find a relevant way to reduce GHG emissions from fisheries. The purpose of this research is to investigate which degree of GHG emitted from fishery. Here, we calculated the GHG emission from Korean bottom pair trawl fishery using the LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) method. The system boundary and input parameters for each process level are defined for LCA analysis. The fuel use coefficient of the fishery is also calculated. The GHG emissions from the representative fishes caught by bottom pair trawl will be dealt with. Furthermore, the GHG emissions for the edible weight of fishes are calculated with consideration to the different consuming areas and slaughtering process also. The results will be helpful to understand the circumstances of GHG emissions from Korean fisheries.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.149-161
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• 2021

The concern on the greenhouse gas emission is strongly increasing globally. In fishery industry section, the greenhouse gas emissions are an important issue according to The Paris Climate Change Accord in 2015. The Korean government has a plan to reduce the GHG emissions as 4.8% compared to the BAU in fisheries until 2020. Furthermore, the Korean government has also declared to achieve the carbon neutrality in 2050 at the Climate Adaptation Summit 2021. However, the investigation on the GHG emissions from Korean fisheries did not carry out extensively. Most studies on GHG emissions from Korean fishery have dealt with the GHG emissions by fishery classification so far. However, follow-up studies related to GHG emissions from fisheries need to evaluate the GHG emission level by species to prepare the adoption of environmental labels and declarations (ISO 14020). The purpose of this research is to investigate which degree of GHG emitted to produce the species (hairtail and small yellow croaker) from various fisheries. Here, we calculated the GHG emission to produce the species from the fisheries using the Life Cycle Assessment method. The system boundary and input parameters for each process level are defined for the LCA analysis. The fuel use coefficients of the fisheries for the species are also calculated according to the fuel type. The GHG emissions from sea activities by the fisheries will be dealt with. Furthermore, the GHG emissions for producing the unit weight species and annual production are calculated by fishery classification. The results will be helpful to understand the circumstances of GHG emissions from Korean fisheries.

• KCID journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.17-31
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• 2014

Excessive emission of greenhouse gases from fossil fuels usage has become a major cause of climate change. As an alternative to reduce the greenhouse gas emission, renewable energy has been highlighted around the world and UK government also established the Climate Change Act 2008 and policies for response the climate change. Those of them has been supporting many practical actions for reducing greenhouse gas emission and community energy projects is representative program to supporting security of energy supply and helping the country to reduce its carbon footprint. Rural Community Energy Fund (RCEF) which is one of community energy projects supports rural communities to develop renewable energy projects which provide economic and social benefits to the community. The review of UK's renewable energy policies and action plan can be useful to promote in Korea policies for becoming low-carbon society.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.240-245
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• 2014

As the seriousness of the global environment pollution is gaining our attention recently, researches on application of greenhouse gas emission of ship are being carried globally. However domestic study on greenhouse gas emission from ship was not carried out in various fields. In this study, quantitative data which was presented by greenhouse gas emission of training ship HANBADA and greenhouse gas emission was calculated by Tier 1 method based on total fuel consumption and amount of shore power. Actual voyage data for 1year in 2012 was used to analysis the greenhouse gas emission. This study showed how many weight of gases were exhausted per 1 gross tonnage and per 1trainee in the training ship. There is a need of further research to reduce pollutant and to respond to international environment regulation consistently.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.462-469
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• 2020

This study is proposing a System Dynamics Model for estimating Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission from treating Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in South Korea for years 2000 to 2030. The government of country decided to decrease the total GHG emission from waste sector in 2030 as per Business-as-usual level. In context, four scenarios are generated to predict GHG emission from treating the MSW with three processes i.e., landfill, incineration and recycling. For prior step, MSW generation rate is projected for present and future case using population and waste generation per capita data. It is found that population and total MSW are directly correlated. The total population will increase to 56.27 million and total MSW will be 21.59 million tons in 2030. The methods for estimating GHG emission from landfill, incineration and recycling are adopted from IPCC, 2006 guidelines. The study indicates that Scenario 2 is best to adopt for decreasing the total GHG emission in future where recycling waste is increased to 75% and landfill waste is decreased to 7.6%. Lastly, it is concluded that choosing proper method for treating the MSW in country can result into savings of GHG emission.