• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.485-491
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• 2015

This study was conducted to develop stem volume models for the volume estimation of Quercus glauca Thunb. in Jeju Island, Republic of Korea. Furthermore, this study validated the developed stem volume models using an independent dataset. A total of 167 trees were measured for their diameter at breast height (DBH), total height and stem volume using non-destructive sampling methods. Eighty percent of the dataset was used for the initial model development while the remaining 20% was used for model validation. The performance of the different models was evaluated using the following fit statistics: standard error of estimate (SEE), mean bias absolute mean deviation (AMD), coefficient of determination (R²), and root mean square error (RMSE). The AMD of the five models from the different DBH classes were determined using the validation dataset. Model 5 (V = aD^bH^c), which estimates volume using DBH and total height as predicting variables, had the best SEE (0.02745), AMD (0.01538), R² (0.97603) and RMSE (0.02746). Overall, volume models with two independent variables (DBH and total height) performed better than those with only one (DBH) based on the model evaluation and validation. The models developed in this study can provide forest managers with accurate estimations for the stem volumes of Quercus glauca in the subtropical forests of Jeju Island, Korea.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.104-132
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 지난 8년 동안 제주도에 자생하는 버섯류의 다양성과 분포를 조사하였다. 버섯은 2006년부터 2013년까지 버섯류의 풍부한 다양성이 기대되는 곶자왈, 한라산국립공원, 오름에서 약 2,000여 점의 표본을 채집하였다. 조사된 버섯은 총 74과 213속 511분류군으로 확인되었다. 이중 국내 미기록종은 6과 6속의 6분류군, 제주 미기록종은 55과 101속 137분류군이었다. 과거 2005년에 조사된 결과인 69과, 99속, 561종을 포함하여 현재까지 제주도에서 총 83과 257속 740종의 야생버섯을 기록하게 되었다. 본 연구는 국내 버섯종에 대한 새로운 정보를 제공하고 미래 버섯연구에 기초 자료로 이용되리라 본다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.395-403
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• 2011

본 연구는 제주고사리삼 자생지의 입지환경과 식생 특성을 파악하기 위하여 이루어졌다. 각 자생지들은 자생지의 깊이, 암석 노출 비율, 우점 수종, 주변식생 등에 따라 2가지 유형으로 구분되었으며, 이에 따라 자생지의 식생이 다르게 나타났다. 암석이 노출된 유형의 자생지는 인접 지역과의 지형적인 경계가 뚜렷하고, 대부분 습한 환경에 자라는 수목으로 구성되어 있다. 이에 비해 토양이 풍부한 유형의 자생지는 깊이가 얕고, 토양이 발달되어 있으며 주변에서 이입된 수목이 분포하였다. 하지만, 초본층은 대부분 수생식물이 우점하며 이는 자생지가 습지의 특성을 갖는다는 것을 보여준다. 따라서 제주고사리삼 자생지는 소택지와 매우 유사한 특성을 가지며, 제주고사리삼의 보존을 위해서는 자생지가 이러한 습지의 특성을 유지하도록 하는 것이 매우 중요할 것이다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.1670-1680
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• 2017

Lignocellulose, composed mostly of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin generated through secondary growth of woody plant, is considered as promising resources for biofuel. In order to use lignocellulose as a biofuel, biodegradation besides high-cost chemical treatments were applied, but knowledge on the decomposition of lignocellulose occurring in a natural environment is insufficient. We analyzed the 16S rRNA gene and metagenome to understand how the lignocellulose is decomposed naturally in decayed Torreya nucifera (L) of Bija forest (Bijarim) in Gotjawal, an ecologically distinct environment. A total of 464,360 reads were obtained from 16S rRNA gene sequencing, representing diverse phyla; Proteobacteria (51%), Bacteroidetes (11%) and Actinobacteria (10%). The metagenome analysis using single molecules real-time sequencing revealed that the assembled contigs determined originated from Proteobacteria (58%) and Actinobacteria (10.3%). Carbohydrate Active enZYmes (CAZy)- and Protein families (Pfam)-based analysis showed that Proteobacteria was involved in degrading whole lignocellulose, and Actinobacteria played a role only in a part of hemicellulose degradation. Combining these results, it suggested that Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria had selective biodegradation potential for different lignocellulose substrates. Thus, it is considered that understanding of the systemic microbial degradation pathways may be a useful strategy for recycle of lignocellulosic biomass, and the microbial enzymes in Bija forest can be useful natural resources in industrial processes.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.320-331
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• 2019

Background: Dioecious plant species having both male and female plants have been investigated regarding sex-related characteristics such as sex ratio, sex-differential resource requirements, and spatial segregation of the sexes. Habitat loss and fragmentation are major threats to the survival of plant populations, but dioecious species are particularly more prone to such habitat degradation than non-dioecious species because of their dimorphic sexual system. We examined the sex-related demographics of two Ilex cornuta populations being different regarding land use history. Methods: During 2016-2017, we examined I. cornuta trees with a basal diameter ${\geq}1.5cm$ in the Yongsu-ri population (YS population) and the Gotjawal Provincial Park population (GP population). Plant sex (male, female, or unsexed) was identified. The tree size (basal diameter and height of the main stem), clonal production (the ramet numbers per genet), and vitality for each clone were measured. The associations between population, sex, tree size, clonal production, and vitality were examined using ANOVAs and contingency table analyses. Finally, point pattern analyses using O-ring statistics were conducted to assess spatial patterns. Results: Upon excluding unsexed trees, the YS population with 74 trees was significantly male-biased (0.66), while the GP population with only 26 trees had a 1:1 sex ratio. In both populations, males and females did not differ in tree size. Although the mean number of ramets differed significantly between populations, females tended to produce more ramets than males. The proportion of weak trees was significantly higher in the YS than in the GP population. Neither population showed evidence of spatial segregation of the sexes. Conclusions: The two populations of dioecious I. cornuta are characterized by the small number of trees and relatively high frequencies of non-reproductive trees. Both indicate that these populations are quite susceptible to environmental and genetic stochasticity. On the other hand, the differences between populations in sex ratio, clonal production, and vitality suggest that conservation efforts for I. cornuta need to be population-specific. In order to help recover and enable this vulnerable species to persist, it is necessary to find ways to enhance their sexual reproduction and simultaneously reduce habitat disturbances due to anthropogenic activities.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.29-42
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• 2023

As the destruction of habitats due to recent development continues, there is also increasing interest in endangered species. Mankyua chejuense is a vulnerable species that is sensitive to changes in population and habitat, and it has recently been upgraded from Endangered Species II to Endangered Species I, requiring significant management efforts. So in this study, we analyzed the potential habitats of Mankyua chejuense using MaxEnt(Maximum Entropy) modeling. We developed three models: one that considered only environmental characteristics, one that considered artificial factors, and one that reflected the habitat of dominant tree species in the overstory. Based on previous studies, we incorporated environmental and human influence factors for the habitats of Mankyua chejuense into spatial information, and we also used the habitat distribution models of dominant tree species, including Ulmus parvifolia, Maclura tricuspidata, and Ligustrum obtusifolium, that have been previously identified as major overstory species of Mankyua chejuense. Our analysis revealed that rock exposure, elevation, slope, forest type, building density, and soil type were the main factors determining the potential habitat of Mankyua chejuense. Differences among the three models were observed in the edges of the habitats due to human influence factors, and results varied depending on the similarity of the habitats of Mankyua chejuense and the dominant tree species in the overstory. The potential habitats of Mankyua chejuense presented in this study include areas where the species could potentially inhabit in addition to existing habitats. Therefore, these results can be used for the conservation and management planning of Mankyua chejuense.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제32권11호
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• pp.767-775
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• 2023

This study was conducted to lay the foundation for considering the qualitative aspects of environmental resources by calculating the weight of each environmental resource to calculate the total amount of environmental resources in Jeju. By comparing and analyzing the results of the expert survey conducted in 2011 and the results of the expert survey conducted in 2011 and 2022, changes in experts' perceptions and implications over time were derived. In addition, based on the results of the recent survey, the weight according to the relative importance was calculated to lay the foundation for calculating the total amount of environmental resources in Jeju. The results of this study are expected to provide basic data necessary for the successful institutionalization of the total environmental resource system by providing a scientific basis for the calculation of the total environmental resource. As a result of comparing the survey conducted in 2011 to the survey conducted in 2022 to establish a total environmental resource management plan in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, there was a difference in the relative importance of the environmental resource category. Although the ranking between categories did not change, it was confirmed that the relative importance of the natural and local resource environment decreased and the relative importance of the living environment field increased significantly. Over time, the importance of plants and wildlife increased, the importance of landscapes and topographic geology decreased, the importance of wetlands and caves increased, and the importance of Gotjawal, natural monuments, and cultural history decreased. In the living environment category, the importance of water pollution increased significantly, and in the humanities and social environment category, the importance of population increased and the importance of industry decreased. It is judged that most changes in item importance are largely influenced by changes in the background of the times and overall perception. It was confirmed that the importance of plants, wildlife, wetlands, and caves with relatively high awareness and the importance of water pollution, which is emerging as a regional problem, have all increased significantly due to structural problems of population age.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.228-240
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• 2023

야생버섯의 결실에 미치는 미생물의 영향을 파악하기 위하여 제주도 곶자왈 지역에서 발견된 야생버섯, 끈적버섯 (Cortinarius violaceus), 달걀버섯 (Amanita hemibapha), 색시졸각버섯 (Laccaria vinacelavellanea), 흰알광대버섯 (Amanita verna)의 근권토양 균류를 조사하였다. 형태학적 특성 조사와 ITS, LSU rDNA, β-tubulin 유전자 서열에 대한 분자생물학적 분석을 바탕으로 동정하는 과정에서 국내 미기록 진균 11종을 분리하였다. 이들 진균은 Arthrinium kogelbergensis, Kalmusia longisporum, Keithomyces carneum, Neopyrenochaeta cercidis, Penicillium ranomafanaense, Phomatodes nebulosa, Pyrenochaeta nobilis, Tollypocladium album, Talaromyces kendrickii, Talaromyces qii, Umbelopsis gibberispora이다. 이들 11종에 진균에 대한 형태적 특성과 계통발생학적 위치를 기술하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권8호
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• pp.184-193
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• 2019

정보통신기술의 발달로 관광객들에 제공되는 새로운 기술 기반의 관광콘텐츠들이 개발되고 활용되어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 제주지역의 환경자산으로서 곶자왈을 테마로 구성된 VR관광콘텐츠인 "비밀의 바람 숲"을 이용한 관광객을 대상으로 이용만족을 살펴보는데 있다. 이를 위해 문헌 고찰을 통해 연구모형을 제시하였으며, VR관광콘텐츠을 이용한 관광객 대상으로 277부의 유효 표본을 확보하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 구조모델의 연구가설(H1~H5)은 채택 되었다. 첫째, 개인혁신성은 지각된 용이성에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 개인혁신성은 이용만족에 영향을 미쳤으며, 지각된 용이성은 이용만족에 영향을 미쳤다. 이러한 연구결과는 VR기기 관광콘텐츠 개발과 활용에서 있어 학술적 실무적으로 의미가 있다. 학술적으로는 콘텐츠 응용에 관점에서 VR관광콘텐츠에 대한 관광소비자 관련 연구들에 관광활동, 행동, 태도 등 기초이론을 제공될 수 있으며, 실무적으로는 VR관광콘텐츠를 활용하고자 하는 관광마케터들과 VR기기를 활용하는 콘텐츠 개발자들에게 관광자원의 활용하는 VR기기 스토리 구성과 타켓 시장을 고려한 콘텐츠 기획과 실행에 도움을 줄 수 있다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.462-469
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• 2021

본 연구는 제주도 곶자왈 지역에 자생하는 빌레나무를 대상으로 차광 처리를 통해 세 가지 수준의 차광 조건(35%, 55%, 75%)에 따른 개화 및 생장 특성을 분석하였다. 차광률 증가에 따라 개화 시기가 지연되었고, 55% 차광 처리구에서 가장 많은 개체가 개화하였으며, 개체당 화서의 수도 높게 나타났다. 차광률이 증가할수록 묘고가 감소하였고 잎과 줄기의 수는 75% 차광 처리에서 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 전체 및 부위별 생물량도 차광률 증가에 따라 감소하였으며, 35% 차광 처리구에서 75% 차광 처리구 대비 지상부 생물량 2.1배, 지하부 생물량 1.7배, 총 엽면적 2.0배 높은 것으로 나타났다. 종합적으로 고려하면 빌레나무는 건전한 생육을 위하여 차광 처리가 필요하며 개화는 55% 차광 수준, 생장은 35% 차광 수준에서 가장 양호한 것으로 판단된다.