• Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
• /
• v.61 no.11
• /
• pp.611-614
• /
• 2018

Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma exhibits immunohistochemically similar features to lymphoepithelioma and commonly occurs in the skin, salivary gland, breast, lung, gastrointestinal tract, liver, urinary tract, prostate, vulva and vagina. Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma from the thyroid gland is extremely rare. We recently experienced a case of lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of thyroid gland in a 28-year-old female, who presented a thyroid nodule that was suspicious of papillary carcinoma. We report this unusual case of lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of thyroid gland with a brief review of literature.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.13-23
• /
• 2008

Taste is a critically important sense for the survival of an organism. However, structure and distribution of taste receptors were only recently investigated. Although expression of the ion channels responsible for the sense of salty taste and acidity was observed in the non-taste cells, receptors for sweet and bitter taste were only identified in taste cells. Salivary glands are involved in the sensing of taste and plays important roles in the transduction of taste. The purpose of this study is to examine whether taste receptors are present in the salivary glands and to provide clues for the investigation of the taste-salivary glands interaction. Using microarray and RT-PCR analyses, the presence of taste receptor mRNAs in the rat von Ebner gland and submandibular gland was confirmed. Type I taste receptors were preferentially expressed in von Ebner gland, whereas type II taste receptors were expressed in both von Ebner gland and submandibular gland. The tastespecific signal tranducing proteins, $G_{\alpha}gustducin$ and phospholipase C ${\beta}2$, were also detected in both salivary glands by immunohistochemistry. Finally, the activation of the calcium signal in response to bitter taste in the acinar cells was also observed. Taken together, these results suggest that taste receptors are present in the von Ebner gland and submandibular gland and that type II taste receptors are functionally active in both salivary glands.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.197-202
• /
• 2002

Purpose: This study was to investigate clinical feature of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) in the major salivary gland. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was undertaken for 23 patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma of the major salivary gland, who completed postoperative radiotherapy at the Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University Hospital between May 1981 and December 1999. The male to female ratio was 1.1:1. Median age was 50. Follow up periods were 12-180 months with the median follow-up time of 59 months. Results: Parotid gland, submandibular gland and sublingual gland were 17, 5 and 1 respectively. Overall failure rate was 26%. Local failure was observed in two patients with parotid gland origin. Five cases showed distant failure. Overall and disease free survival rate were 68% and 72% respectively. Conclusion: Major pattern of failure was distant failure. Resection margin status had not prognostic significance. Postoperative radiation treatment is an effective to control in the adenoid cystic carcinoma of the major salivary gland.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.843-854
• /
• 1997

Sixteen mammary gland tumors were collected from Seoul National University and Kangwon National University. The average age of the bitches with mammary gland tumor was 10 years. Total 17(60.7%) out of 28 tumor masses observed in 4th and 5th glands. Classification of these tumors according to Hampe and Misdorp were simple adenoma, complex adenoma, benign mixed tumor, papillary adenocarcinoma, solid adenocarcinoma and malignant mixed tumor. Immunohistochemical reaction of the intermediate filaments against normal canine mammary gland showed as followed; anti-cytokeratin 18 was strong and anti-cytokeratin 14 was moderate to the luminal epithelium. Anti-cytokeratin 14 and anti-pancytokeratin to the myoepithelium were showed strong, but anti-vimentin was weak in reactivity. Anti-vimentin to the interstitial cells was represented strong reactivity. The origin of cartilage in mixed tumor of canine mammary gland was studied immunohistochemically with antibodies against intermediate filament. In mammary gland mixed tumors, cartilage tumor tissues were surrounded with the irregularly demarcated three zones composed of adjacent star shaped cells in myxoid areas, proliferative spindle shaped cells and basal located proliferated cells. From basal proliferated cells to star shaped cells, the immunohistochemical reactivity of myoepithelium specific anti-pancytokeratin was decreased gradually and the reactivity of interstitial cell specific anti-vimentin was increased gradually. Based on these immunohistochemical staining patterns, we suggested that the origin of cartilagenous components in canine mammary gland mixed tumor is most likely to the proliferation and metaplsia of myoepithelium.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.48 no.3
• /
• pp.311-316
• /
• 2008

A 7-year-old female Shih Tzu dog with lots of masses in the whole mammary gland was presented to the surgery department of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital in the Cheju National University. After surgical excision, all mammary samples were referred to Pathology Department of Veterinary Medicine. Grossly, masses were measuring up to $6.5{\times}4{\times}1cm$ and on cut surface of masses in right 1st, 3rd, 4th, 5th and left 1st, 3rd, 4th, 5th mammary masses were well delineated and firm, sulphur yellow, solid round to oval shape. Microscopically, most neoplastic sweat glands were severely proliferated in dermis and subcutis. Most tubules were lined by round to oval shaped epithelium with eosinophilic cytoplasm, hyperchromatic nuclei with high mitotic figures and severe central necrosis. The neoplastic epithelium also had PAS-positive diastase-resistant cytoplasmic granules, but negative with Perls iron stain. The left 2nd mass was well delineated, and had several dark brown areas and yellowish white glittered areas. Mass was well circumscribed with dense connective tissue. Neoplastic areas contained irregular sized mammary gland with papillary grown luminal epithelial cells in single or double cells layer with mitotic figures and small amounts of proliferated myoepithelial cells. Proliferated myoepithelial cells also produced slightly basophilic mucinous materials. Based on the gross, histopathologic and special staining characteristics, this dog was diagnosed as 90% of apocrine sweat gland aenocarcinoma and 10% mammary. complex adenomas in mammary masses. In our best knowledge, this is the first report for concurrent occurrence of apocrine sweat gland adenocarcinoma and mammary gland complex adenoma in mammary masses of the same dog.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.180-186
• /
• 1997

Objectives: Salivary gland tumors pose considerable difficulty in diagnostic and prognostic assessment based on the histopathologic features alone. We studied the expression of type IV collagen and fibronectin in salivary gland tumors with special emphasis on the differential diagnostic significance. Materials and Methods: We did immunohistochemical stain on paraffin embedded tissues of 33 benign and 24 malignant salivary gland tumors using monoclonal antibody for type IV collagen and polyclonal antibody for fibronectin. Results: 1) Well preserved linear basement membrane-like staining of type IV collagen was detected in duct-cell-derived benign salivary gland tumors. But pleomorphic adenoma exhibited a heterogeneous pattern as focal augmentation and interruption. 2) In malignant tumors, type IV collagen was distributed in an irregular, interrupted manner or completely absent. Adenoid cystic carcinomas displayed a marked staining of the basal membrane associated substances in the pseudocysts. 3) The staining pattern of fibronectin was similar to that of type IV collagen execpt more dense in the stroma. 4) Salivary gland tumors which have a prominent myoepithelial cell component revealed a particular deposition of basement membrane materials adjacent to the myoepithelial cells. Conclusion: The study of the basal membrane substances may be helpful for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant salivary gland tumors and identifying special features of salivary gland tumors such as pseudocystic pattern of adenoid cystic carcinoma. Also we think that the myoepithelial cells contribute to the formation of basement membrane materials.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.47 no.1
• /
• pp.42-47
• /
• 2010

Objective: To investigate the morphometric characteristics of the pituitary gland and diaphragma sellae in Korean adults. Methods: Using the 33 formaline fixed adult cadavers (23 male, 10 female), the measurements were taken at the diaphragma sellae and pituitary gland. The authors investigated the relationship between dura and structures surrounding pituitary gland, morphometric aspects of pituitary gland and stalk, and morphometric aspect of central opening of diaphragma sellae. Results: The boundary between the lateral surface of pituitary gland and the medial wall of cavernous sinus was formed by the thin dural layer and pituitary capsule. The pituitary capsule adherent tightly to the pituitary gland was observed to continue from the diaphragma sellae. Mean width, length, and height of the pituitary gland were 14.3${\pm}$2.1, 7.9${\pm}$1.3, and 6.0${\pm}$0.9 mm in anterior lobes, and 8.7${\pm}$1.7, 2.9${\pm}$1.1, and 5.8${\pm}$1.0 mm in posterior lobes, respectively. Although all dimensions of anterior lobe in female were slightly larger than those in male, statistical significance was noted in only longitudinal dimension. The ratio of posterior lobe to the whole length of pituitary gland was about 27%. The mean thickness of pituitary stalk was 2 mm. The diaphragmal opening was 5 mm or more in 26 (78.8%) of 33 specimen. The opening was round in 60.6% of the specimen, and elliptical oriented in an anterior-posterior or transverse direction in 39.4%. Conclusion: These results provide the safe anatomical knowledge during the transsphenoidal surgery and may be helpful to access the possibility of the development of empty sella syndrome.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.36 no.5
• /
• pp.663-666
• /
• 2009

Purpose: Primary malignant lymphomas of the salivary glands are uncommon. The parotid gland was most frequently involved, followed by the submandibular gland, minor salivary gland and sublingual gland. The most common subtype is mucosa - associated lymphoid tissue(MALT) lymphoma. We experienced a case of salivary MALT lymphoma involving parotid gland duct, so report a case with a review of the literature. Methods: A 65 year old female presented with a palpable mass on the left side of her cheek. There was no clinical or laboratory evidence of pre - existing autoimmune disease. Preoperative facial and neck CT with contrast showed $2.1{\times}1.7cm$ sized, ill defined, homogeneous low density mass near left masseter muscle, and no evidence of other enlarged lymph nodes. Results: At operation, a yellowish oval shaped mass was found slightly adhered to middle portion of the parotid gland duct, meaduring $2{\times}1.5{\times}0.7cm$. Microscopic finding showed that centrocyte - like cells, monocyte B cells and plasma cells were diffusely infiltrated. Immunophenotyping was preformed on fixed section. The majority of the small cells were immunoreactive for the B cell marker CD20. Based on the typical histological findings supported by immunostaining, the mass was defined as MALT lymphoma. Conclusion: We report that very rare case of MALT lymphoma involving parotid gland duct in 65 year old female patient was experienced with clinical characteristics, histologic features and references.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.132-137
• /
• 2000

Actinomycosis is defined as a chronic, specific, suppurative, granulomatous disease caused mainly by the anaerobic, gram positive organism, Actinomyces israelii. Actinomycosis in the salivary gland is a rare disease that is caused by an inhabitant of the normal flora. We report the case of the actinomycosis of submandibular gland. A 53-year old man presented with the swelling on left submandiblar area. The lesion was not painful but had been increasing for about 10 days. In the CT view, the internal portion of the mass showed homogeneous moderate signal. The mass had continuities with the inferior portion of the left enlarged submandibular gland. In the MRI, there was a mass that showed a buldging pattern inferiorly in the left submandibular gland without bony invasion sign. The biopsy shows the colony of special organism. Many filaments are discovered with clubbed ends diffused from center of colony. We diagnosed this disease as actinomycosis in the submandibular gland by the postoperational biopsy.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.178-182
• /
• 2010

Warthin's tumour is also known as papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum or adenolymphoma. This tumour represents 6% of all salivary gland tumour, and is the second most common neoplasm of the salivary gland. It occurs mostly in the parotid gland and in rare instances, it has been reported to occur within the submandibular gland or minor salivary glands. In the past, there was higher incidence in males than females, but more recent investigation shows a more balanced sex predilection. The mean age at diagnosis is 62 years and this tumour is uncommon in a patients younger than age 40. This tumour occurs most frequently in the tail of the parotid gland near the angle of the mandible. Surgical removal is the treatment of choice. But sometimes, parotidectomy is recommended because of its potential for being multifocal.