• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.391-394
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• 1995

Recently, the Acridine orange (AO) staining method has improved for identification of malaria parasites. Fixed and preserved blood smears of malaria patients were used for comparative analysis of AO and Giemsa stains. The AO staining method required less time and was more sensitive under lower magnification than the Giemsa staining method . The AO staining method provides an alternative to Giemsa for malaria diagnosis in the field and laboratory.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.44-48
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• 2012

In this study, whether Giemsa staining solution can accurately determine bacterial contamination of liquid spawn for Flammulina velutipes in a short period of time was investigated. Giemsa solution staining cells of blood, bone marrow, lymph node, malaria parasites, rickettsia et al. was prepared by dissolving basic methylene azul and methylene blue, and acidic eosine in methyl alcohol-glycerine. Supernatant samples of Flammulina velutipes liquid spawn cultured under explosive aeration were placed on a slide, mixed with Gimesa solution and examined with optical microscope after staining. In 40 to 60 seconds bacterial cells were distinguishable from soybean meal residual and hyphal cell fragments. Thus we conclude that microscopy using Gimesa staining solution is a quick, simple and accurate method for the mushroom growers to effectively use to detect bacterial contamination of the liquid spawn.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2004

Firstly, we compared the two staining techniques, Giemsa and Acridine orange, to determine micronuclei on samples of cultures of five healthy human peripheral blood lymphocytes after ${\gamma}-irradiation\;(^{137}Cs)$ in dose ranges of 0 to 800cGy. It was found that the Acridine orange staining method gives more reliable results than the usual Giemsa staining method in micronucleus tests. Moreover, the frequency of micronuclei in cytokinesis-blocked human B-lymphocytes was studied after in vitro irradiation in dose ranges of 0 to 50cGy. After setting and separating the B-lymphocytes, the frequency of radiation-induced micronuclei were observed as the end-point markers for the low-dose radiation dosimetry after staining with Giemsa and Acridine orange dyes. The micronuclei frequency in B-lymphocytes was significantly elevated from 10 to 30cGy ${\gamma}-irradiation$. The determination of micronuclei in B-lymphocytes after staining with Acridine orange was higher than that of Giemsa. The frequency of micronuclei in B-lymphocytes was observed to be at least two times higher than those of T-lymphocytes Giemsa in dose increasing. Therefore, the determination of low-dose radiation-induced micronuclei in B-lymphocytes after staining with Acridine orange is likely to have the greatest potential in the estimation of low dose radiation exposure.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.203-207
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• 1996

On the basis of karyotypic analysis performed by conventional staining and Giemas C-banding technique, cytological relationship was inferred for 21 lines of Paeonia lactiflora Pal. cultivated in Korea. It was very difficult to infer their organized karyotypic classification system using the composition of somatic chromosomes involving sat-chromosomes, relative length of chromosomes, arm ratio and karyotypic formulae by conventional staining. From the distribution and number of Giemsa C-bands on the chromosomes b and c, 21 lines can be subclassified into 5 groups. It seems that the karyotypic polymorphism is observed in 21 lines of cultivated P. lactiflora because peony mainly propagates by outbreeding.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.277-281
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• 1996

A technique to improve the analysis of micronuclei(MN) in lymphocytes as a cytogenetic indicator is reported. For the purpose of diminishing the variation of the result from individual reader and making it easier to distinguish accurately a cytokinesis blicked(CB) lymphocyte and micronuclei, we tried a modified one-step silver staining technique as a method for detection of the argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region(AgNOR) with or without conventional Giemsa stain in the slide from CB method. Compared with the conventional Giemsa stain, the preparation processed with this method are especially useful for the accurate analysis of MN of cultured lymphocyte with cytochalasin B. This method will be a useful technique for automated calculation of MN.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.358-364
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• 1989

한국산 박새속 조류 Porus major(박새), Porus atter(진박새), Porus poiustris(쇠박새), Parus varius(곤줄박이)의 핵형을 일반염색 방법으로 분석한 결과 4종의 염색체 수는 모두 2n=78∼80으로 나타났고, 성 염색체를 포함한 7쌍이 macrochromosome, 그 외 32∼33쌍이 microchromosome이었다. 종간 차이를 나타내는 염색체는 5번째 염색체와성염색체인 Z·W-염색체였다. 이러한 핵형의 차이는 5번째 염색체에서는 pericentric inversion, 성 염색체에서는 전좌에 의한 것으로 생각된다. The chromosomal analysis of Pows major, Paws after, Paws palustris and Paws vorius of the genus Paws in Korea were performed by conventional Giemsa staining method. The diploid number of four species were 2n=78-80, and there were 7 pairs of macrochromosomes and 32 or 33 pairs of microchromosomes. The 5th and Z·W-chromosomeswere distinctly different between interspecies. Probably these karyological differences were speculated by pericentric inversion in 5th chromosome and translocation in Z·W-chromosomes.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.365-373
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• 1989

한국산 박새속 조류 Porus maior(박새), Parus ater(진박새), Parus palustris(쇠박새), Parus varius(곤줄박이)의 핵형을 C-banding 방법으로 분석한 결과 ZZ-ZW 염색체를 동정, 확인할 수 있었으며, 구조적 이질염색질의 부위가 일반염색 방법에 의한 핵형 비교에서 보다 종간에 더 많은 차이를 나타냈다. 그러나 일반염색 방법과 C-banding 방법 만으로는 4종간의 종분화 기작을 추측할 수 없었다. The chromosomal analysis of Paws motor, Paws ater, Pahs palustris and Pows varius of the genus Paws in Korea were performed by C-handing method. The identification of sex chromosones was ascertained and the part of constitutive heterochromatin was more different between interspecies than by conventional Giemsa staining method. However, conventional Giemsa staining and C-banding methods could not explain mechanisms of speciation between four species.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.11-14
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• 1965

The object to this study is to identify the genus and species of the microfilariae which were recently found in the area of Youngju-Gun. THe identification of the microfilariae was made on the morphologicla aspects. 1. Blood samples were collected through vena punction from known microfilariae carriers living in the newly confirmed filaria endemic area of Youngju0Gun in Jyongsang Pukdo Province. Youngju-Gun is located in the mountainous central part of Korean Peninsula. 2. The following fixation and staining techniques were applied. (1) Fixation by drying in the air, followed by staining with Azeo or Giemsa. (2) Knott's fixation method (2% formalin), followed by staining with Azur II. 3. A comparative study of the body length of the microfilariae after different fixation and staining techniques were applied. (1) Knott's fixation method followed by staining with Azur II : average body length found was 28.4$\mu$. (2) Dry fixation followed by staining with Giemsa : average body length found was 209.4$\mu$. (3) Dry fixation followed by staining with Azeo : average body length found was 205.4$\mu$. 4. The locations of the different body cells were measured in 60 individuals of microfilariae in the wet preparation fixed by Knott's method and stained with Azur II. The distance of the different body cells to cephalic apex of microfilariae was measured and calculated as a percentage of the total body length. The average results are as follows : BNC , 3.04% ; N, 22.74%, EP, 31.4% ; EC, 37.77%, G1 cell , 67.94%; G2 cell, 73.54% : G3 cell , 75.55% ; G4 cell, 77.65% ; AP, 82.02%%. 5. As a result of the above findings the microfilariae found in the above mentioned area could be identified as Brugia malai(BRUG, 1927) BUCKLEY, 1960.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1994.10a
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• pp.231.2-231
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• 1994

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.501-507
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• 1991

Diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis is currently confirmed by the detection of the oocysts or endogenous stages in fecal or tissue samples. Various conventional staining methods and serodiagnostic techniques have been reported, but the latter has far been limited to a few laboratories. Cryptosporidium has recently been reported in mice and chiekens in Korea, but there has been no report on staining methods to the oocysts. The present study was performed by light and scanning electron microscopic observations, and discussed with staining properties of four conventional methods such as dichromate solution floatation method, Carbol fuchsin stain, Auramine-O stain and Giemsa stain method. Cryptosporidial oocysts were isolated from the laboratory mouse. In tissue sections of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum and upper colon, numerous very small, basophilic bodies were observed on the border of mucosal epithelial cells. In scanning electron microscopic observations, a few of developmental stages of Cryptosporidium were seen. Two types of thick and thin-walled oocysts were recognized in the intestinal contents. Mean size of its were $5.19{\pm}0.23{\times}4.31{\pm}0.32{\mu}m$ and $5.14{\pm}0.25{\times}4.27{\pm}0.4{\mu}m$, respectively. Carbol fuchsin and Auramine-O stain methods are recommended as the satisfactory ones for the identification of Cryptosporidium oocysts. Giemsa stain was also recommended as available in the laboratory, because a few of developmental stage fo Cryptosporidium could be seen by it.