• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.759-770
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• 1997

The general flow patterns in the Cheju Strait have been investicated by analyzing the current observations measured in $1986\~1989$ by current meter mooring in 3 north-south sections in the Cheju Strait and at 4 observation points around Cheju Harbour, and measured in $1981\~1987$ by drogue tracking. 1. In the Cheju Strait, there are eastward or northeastward residual currents, which implies that sea waters flow into through the whole western section and flow out through the whole eastern section in the Cheju Strait. The velocity of residual currents are $5.2\~30\;cm/sec$ in 10 m layer and $1.3\~24cm/sec$ in mid-bottom layer. Generally, the flow is strong along the deepest through and the northern part, and weak in the shallow areas near Chuja Islands and Bogil Island. 2. In the western entrance of the Cheju Strait, the observed mean residual velocity is 6.93 cm/sec and the volume transport is 0.384 Sv. There are a big discrepancy between the observed residual currents and the geostrophic currents. 3. Near the frontal areas northwest to Chuja Islands, warm and saline offshore waters, flow northward about 5 miles into the southern coastal areas of the Korean Peninsula in flood, and flow back rather eastward or southeastward than southward in ebb. So, warm and saline waters flow along coastal areas, being mixed with coastal waters. As a result, the northwestern area of Chuja Islands plays a role of the entrance of influx of warm and saline offshore water to the southwestern coastal areas of the Korean Peninsula. It should be stressed that this flow pattern is not due to the residual flows, but to the temporal (tidal) flows.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.173-182
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• 2012

Entry and exits of the rest area are sections where designed speed can be rapidly change and also a weak traffic safety section. In addition, two tasks can be performed simultaneously at entry of the rest area, particularly searching for deceleration and parking spaces/parking sides etc. Thus, design criteria is required in order to procure the stability of accessed vehicle. In case of Korea, geometric structure design criteria of entry facilities, such as toll-gate, interchange, junction etc was established. However there are no presence in a detailed standards for geometric structure of the rest area which affiliated road facilities. In this study, Derive problems in regards to the entry of geometric structure of resting areas by utilizing a sight survey and an investigation research of traffic accidents. The survey was targeting 135 general service areas. After Classifying the design section of resting areas' entry as well as derive design elements on each section, a speed measurement by targeting entry of rest areas and car behavior surveys were performed, then each element's minimum standard was derived through the analyses. According to the speeds at the starting/end point of entrance connector road, the minimum length of the entrance connector road is decided as 40m using Slowing-down length formula and based on the driving pattern, the range of the junction setting angle of the entrance connector road is defined as $12^{\circ}{\sim}17^{\circ}$. Suggest improvement plans for existing rest areas that can be applied realistically. This should be corresponded to the standards of entry and exit of developed rest areas.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.167-178
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• 2017

It has been suggested that character education, taught only in ethics and social science, should be integrated into other subjects including science education. In terms of inquiry and the nature of science, science education is related to character education, which is emphasized by SSI (Socioscientific Issue) education. Followed by necessity of character education, the Character Education Promotion Act was established in 2015. To investigate what and how character education is conducting in schools, analysis of curriculums and textbooks is needed in terms of elements underlined in the Character Education Promotion Act. For this purpose, this research analyzed general remarks and science sections in the 2009 revised and the 2015 revised curriculums and science textbooks based on the 2009 revised curriculum with regard to essential virtues in the Character Education Promotion Act. Results showed that parts of essential virtues were included in both curriculums, of which elements were inconsistent with those of science textbooks. Curriculums and textbooks reflecting whole elements faithfully need to be developed.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.83-95
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• 1987

The synergistic effect of combining radiation therapy and hyperthermia kills significantly more cells than using either modality alone. The reason for enhanced cell killing from the combined treatment is that the two modalities are complementary. For histopathological exmination, 102 rats were divided into 4 groups as hyperthermia, radiation, hyperthermia combined with radiation and normal control groups. The effect of prior irradiation (6-15 Gy of X-ray) on the response of small and large bowel of rats to $40^{\circ}C-44^{\circ}C$ (for 30 minutes) microwave (2450 MHz) hyperthermia was investigated. The musculature of the small and large intestine remained intact and the circumference of the histological sections were not significantly altered by the heated at $43^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes. Thermal enhancement ratios of normal tissue is 1.0 Thermal enhancement ratio was not increased in combination therapy by evaluation of histopathologic changes in small and large intestine.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.223-231
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• 2012

Many cut slopes are located near national highways, resulting in large annual damage to infrastructure from the collapse of cut slopes. Therefore, to effectively maintain cut slopes, high-risk slopes should be identified and monitored. In this paper, we evaluate the effectiveness of the management of cut slopes using the risk score calculated from cut-slope inventory data. The inventory survey, as a simple assessment of the characteristics of various slopes, was performed to collect basic data that could be obtained visually in the field for the management of cut slopes. This method is not a precise survey, and it was composed of the general status and characteristics of cut slopes, the inspector's assessment, and inventory data in order to estimate a risk score for each slope. In this paper, we calculated the risk score by investigating the present status of cut slopes adjacent to 10,461 national roads. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of using risk score data, we compared the score for stable slopes with those of failed cut slopes. Failed cut slopes occurred in sections with the highest risk score. The results show that risk score derived from the inventory survey of cut slopes are useful in the management of cut slopes with risk of failure and in monitoring large numbers of cut slopes.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.287-293
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• 2016

This study aims to look into the effects of ego-resilience and social support on school adjustment of dormitory high school students in the convergence age. For achieving this purpose, a survey with 358 students in an autonomous private high school situated in D area was conducted. For analysis of the collected data, regression analysis was carried out using SPSS WIN 20.0. As a result, it was found that ego-resilience positively affected school adjustment, and optimism, curiosity and emotional control, which are sub-factors of ego-resilience, positively affected it, too. Also, social support positively influenced school adjustment, and peer support and teacher support that are sub-factors of social support, positively influenced it, too. Therefore, it is considered that developing various programs and school culture for improving ego-resilience and providing social support to prevent a lot of problems caused by school maladjustment of high school students in the digital convergence era will positively influence individual students, schools, families and furthermore general sections of the society, and diverse interdisciplinary convergence studies on this will serve as the foundation for future longitudinal research.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.48 no.10
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• pp.807-816
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• 2015

In general, the water stage-discharge relationship curve is established based on the assumptions of linearity and homoscedasticity. However, the relationship between the water stage and discharge is affected from geomorphological factors, which violates the basic assumptions of the water stage-discharge relationship curve. In order to reduce the error due to the violations, the curve is divided into several sections based on the manager's judgement considering change of cross-sectional shape. In this research, the objective-splitting criteria of the curve is proposed based on the measured data without the subjective decision. First, it is assumed that the coefficient of variation follows the normal distribution. Then, if the newly calculated coefficient of variation is outside of the 95% confidential interval, the curve is divided. Namely, the groups is divided by the characteristics of the coefficient of variation and the reasonable criteria is provided for establishing a multi-segmented rating curve. To validate the proposed method, it was applied to the data generated by three artificial power functions. In addition, to confirm the applicability of the proposed method, it is applied to the water stage and discharge data of the Muju water stage gauging station and Sangegyo water stage gauging station. As a result, it is found that the automatically divided rating curve improves the accuracy and extrapolation accuracy of the rating curve. Finally, through the residual analysis using Shapiro-Wilk normality test, it is confirmed that the residual of water stage-discharge relationship curve tends to follow the normal distribution.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.51-61
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• 2001

The purpose of the descriptive correlation study was to examine relations among the hope, the burden and the family function in mothers caring for children with cancer. 145 mothers completed the three questionaires of the study divided into tree sections: a) The Hope Scale, b) The Burden Scale, c) FACES-Ⅲ. The collected data was analysed with t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test and Pearson correlation coefficients. The results were as follows: 1) The average age of mothers of children with cancer was 35.6 years old and the ages between 30 to 39 were the most abundant. 57.3％ of the mothers had an education level of below high school education and 66.0％ had religion. The average age of the children was 8.6 years old. Ages between 1 to 7 were the most and 60.8％ were diagnosed as leukemia. 2) Regarding the section of degree of burden, mothers of children with cancer marked 2.6 out of 5, and the degree of hope 3.2 out of 4. The result for family function came out to be 3.5 out of 5, an average of family cohesion of 3.9 and family adaptation of 3.1. 3) There were significantly less burden to the mothers who were living together with a spouse compared to the mothers who were not. Also mothers who replied that they preserved good health came out to be exposed to less burden compared to the mothers who did not. In analysing hope according to the general characteristics of mothers of children with cancer, mothers who were employed marked high in the degree of hope compared to unemployed mothers. Furthermore, the degree of family cohesion marked higher with mothers who had higher education of college graduate, mothers with religion and mothers with a monthly family income of over ￦3,000,000, compared to the group of mothers with lower education of high school graduate, non-religious or with a monthly family income of less than ￦1,000,000. 4) Excluding the fact that the group sorted with children diagnosed as leukemia marked a perceivably high score regarding family cohesion, compared to groups with other cancers, the degree of burden, hope and family cohesion did not show any noticeable difference according to characteristics of children with different cancers. 5) In the correlation of the hope, the burden and the family function regarding the mothers of children with cancer, the burden did not have any manifest relationship with hope or family function. However, the degree of hope and family function cohesion had a direct proportional relationship, as family cohesion marked higher when the degree of hope were high.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.247-254
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• 2005

General composition, total anthocyan content, and antioxidative and antimicrobial activities of Korean purple. fleshed potatoes (varieties A-D based on coloring degree of cross sections) were investigated. Slight differences in composition content were observed among varieties. Color intensity analyzed by sensory evaluation test decreased in order of PL-14, 31, 28, 3, 17, and 6, Total anthocyanin contents differed significantly among varieties from 3 to 29 mg Per 100 g, and decreased in order of PL-28, 31, 14, 12, 5, and 3. PL-28, 31, and Jasim potatoes showed slightly higher antioxidant activities than ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. PL-28, 31, 6, and Jasim showed antimicrobial activities against three species each of Gram-positive and-negative bacteria, with highest activities observed against Bacillus subtilis and relatively high activities against E. coli.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.5-14
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• 2020

Kansai International Airport (KIX) was opened in September 1994. Although 26 years have passed since the completion of the first island, long-term settlement is still in progress. This settlement occurs in the Pleistocene layer. For it is not easy to determine the permeability of the Pleistocene sand layer because the thickness and the degree of fine content in the horizontal direction are constantly changing. In addition, it is also a difficult to predict the interactive behavior of the ground due to the construction of the second phase island adjacent to it. In order to solve this problem, a two-dimensional finite element analysis considering elasto-viscoplastic was performed to evaluate the long-term deformation, including the interactive behavior of the alternating Pleistocene foundation due to the construction of two adjacent reclaimed islands. In general, two-dimensional analysis can be used when a section can represent the entire sections. However, Kansai Airport is an artificial reclaimed island so two-dimensional analysis cannot solve the problem such as the stress deformation in the corners of the island. Additionally, the structure of the actual sub-ground through physical exploration is non-homogeneity and its thickness is also not constant. Therefore, there are limitations for the two-dimensional analysis to explain the phenomena. That is, three-dimensional analysis is strongly required. Due to these demands, the author extended the existing two-dimensional program capable of elasto-viscoplastic analysis to three-dimensional and completed the verification of the three-dimensional program developed through one-dimensional consolidation analysis. In order to demonstrate the validity of the developed 3D program that has been verified, an analysis is performed under the same analysis conditions as the existing research using a two-dimensional program. The effectiveness of the developed 3D numerical analysis program was demonstrated by comparing the analysis results with the 2D results and actual measurement data.