• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.49-68
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• 2020

The Push-Pull-Mooring (PPM) model employ to explore the factors that affect the switching intention of mobile game players by analyzing the online survey data of 240 mobile game players in China. From the perspective of PPM model, Dissatisfaction with the current mobile game can promote players to leave the current mobile game, and other more attractive mobile games can pull players out of the current mobile game. As a mooring factor, habit can affect players' switching decisions. Players who have formed strong habits in current mobile games are more likely to resist or ignore the attractiveness of other mobile games and stay in the current mobile games rather than migrate to other mobile games. Another result shows that the more dissatisfied with the current mobile game, the higher the quality of alternative (relative challenge) mobile game, and the lower the investment size in the current mobile game, the more reluctant the players are to continue to maintain the relationship with the current mobile game. The higher the player's commitment to the current mobile game, the more likely it is to maintain the relationship with the current mobile game. The empirical results show that the framework of this study is highly consistent with the results of PPM model, and confirming that they can well apply to mobile game situations.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.275-287
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• 2019

As game players have been more diverse and new features of digital games have been emerged in recent days, it is important to find out and understand how recent game players recognize and classify digital games. Thirty game players conducted Q-analysis of twenty-nine Q-statements extracted from previous studies on game typology. By using a QUANL program, three different types were revealed. For game classification, 'Physical Environment Centric Players' type highly values external game elements from the outside perspectives. 'Contents Centric Players' type considers internal game elements as the most important criterion. 'Emotional Experience Centric Players' type values his/her subjective feeling and thoughts. Based on this study, it is expected to make a contribution in developing a framework of game players with their perspectives on game classification.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.71-80
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• 2017

In this study, the differences in flow and loyalty according to the type of online game players were analyzed. Game players spending more than two hours per week were found to have statistically significant higher degree of flow than players spending less than two hours a week. Players who play games for more than three hours a week were found to have higher degree of loyalty than players spending less than those who played for an hour a week. Players who played games for more than six months showed statistically significant higher degree of flow than players who played less than six months. Players who played games six to nine months showed higher degree of loyalty than players who played under three months. High-level/status game players showed higher degree of flow and loyalty than low-level/status game players.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1591-1600
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• 2022

With the prosperity of Internet, the game industry is occuping an important position in the national economic system. The study on the game industry which has been drawing eyes from researchers is of great significance. Many scholars have done researches on game motivations, but the elements of intrinsic motivation are still in the exploratory stage. This study determines the dimensions of the influencing factors of players 'intrinsic game motivation and their game experience by adopting the method of literature research. A theoretical model is established to explore the influence of intrinsic game motivation on players' game experience. Questionnaires from players of "The Honor of Kings" are collected through the Internet. SPSS 21.0 is utilized to test the model and hypotheses, and finally the results of the data are analysed. It verifies that intrinsic motivation mainly consists of four components: achievement, social interaction, immersion and escapism. By exploring the influence of the four elements on players' experience, it is concluded that the players' immersion and social interaction have a greater positive impact on their game experience. It is indicated that a better game design highlights the storyline of the game and the interaction system is of importance to enable players to gain a better game experience.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.69-76
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• 1994

Traditionally, simulation-based learning games which are known as flight-simulators have been constructed as a black-box game. Within a black-box game, game-players can view and modify only a part of model parameters. Game-players cannot change the structure of a simulation model. In a black-box game, game-players cannot understand and learn the system structure which is responsible for the system behavior. In this paper, the multi-tasking at the level of operating systems is exploited to enhance the transparency of simulation-based learning game. The white-box game or transparent-box game allows game-players ot view and modify the model structure. The multi-tasking solution for white-box learning game is implemented with Smalltalk language on MS-/windows operating system.

• 한국경영정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.661-666
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• 2007

MMORPG, massively multi-players in online role-playing game, is the most popular genre in online games. Because large number of players interacts with each other, virtual worlds in MMORPG are alike communities of real worlds. Moreover, players in virtual worlds trade game items with real money. This paper is to find impacts of real-money trading into real worlds, and game operators, by using two-period model between players of the game and the game operator. It was found that real-money trading benefits game operators, and there exists optimal supply of game items to maximize the profit of game operator. Moreover we found that the income disparity in real worlds could be decreased when real-money trading is allowed To support the analytical model, we used an empirical analysis using real-money trading data, and find the relationship among play time of MMORPG, transaction volume of real-money trading, and price of game items. In empirical analysis, it was found that real-money trading benefits game operators. Moreover, it was found that play time and price have positive relationship.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.87-94
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• 2010

This research investigated the relationship between MMORPG players' leadership-related game experience and offline leadership using online survey samples(N=664). According to the correlation results, MMORPG players' leadership-related game experience, age, game usage time and offline leadership exhibited a significantly positive relationship. When players had more leadership-related game experience, they reported higher offline leadership scores. In terms of "spillover effect", more valuable implications of using MMORPGs are discussed in conclusion.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.26
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• pp.285-313
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• 2005

Online game business has emerged as the most lucrative entertainment industry, with over 10 million players in South Korea and over 30 million in Japan in 2005. The popularity of online games can be attributed to the availability of broadband network, pushing online games into the mainstream entertainment culture. The age distribution of online game players is expanding and a variety of new games are under development to target certain age groups. While the interactive entertainment market continues to expand, with many new online game publishers entering Japan, relatively little is known about which factors influence online game players' behavioral intentions to play continuously in this area. It appears that in this extremely attractive and growing services segment, academics, as well as practitioners, would benefit from investigating the difference, among the types of players, in demographic and social trends, perceptions related to game-design factors, and attitude toward the games. Based on data collected from online questionnaire survey, the differences between hardcore and casual players have been analyzed, and interesting conclusions have been provided concerning the online-game design and development strategies for Japan online-game players.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.2313-2326
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• 2018

The method of operating a game could determine the psychological distance between the player and the game character, and thus, in the Virtual Reality, players' control methodologies are important to enhance their immersion. This study has the objective of examining the difference in games according to the method of operation based on the player's movements. This study researched the effect of the method of operating movement conforming to the movement of the character and the physical operation of the body on forming game experiences for the player. The result of performing an experiment increased reality for the game player through a controller in the shape of the actual control, to increase focus in the game. As so, game play through movements, including actual movements by the player displayed to enhance game satisfaction. In the part of media remediation field, Game can be defined as media which has their own unique hypermediacy. Especially, in the motion based game, players' movement mediates players and the game, therefore, players' movement could make players' experience augmented or immediate in accordance with the characteristics of movements. Even though sports and dances genres of motion-based games are common, RPG or adventure genres are rare. It can be explained that the characteristics of the action have been explained in the immediacy. In a game of fantasy, which is difficult to experience in real-life situations, the nature of the player's motion can increase the immersion of the game, which can contribute to utilization of players' motion and experience design in the various genres and suggestion of grounds theory. In addition, through this study, it is able to design motion-based games of various genres.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.220-227
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• 2018

The cooperative game theory consists of a set of players and utility function that has positive values for a subset of players, called coalition, in the game. The purpose of cost allocation method is to allocate the relevant cost among game players in a fair and rational way. Therefore, cost allocation method based on cooperative game theory has been applied in many areas for fair and reasonable cost allocation. On the other hand, the desirable characteristics of the cost allocation method are Pareto optimality, rationality, and marginality. Pareto optimality means that costs are entirely paid by participating players. Rationality means that by joining the grand coalition, players do not pay more than they would if they chose to be part of any smaller coalition of players. Marginality means that players are charged at least enough to cover their marginal costs. If these characteristics are all met, the solution of cost allocation method exists in the core. In this study, proportional method is applied to EOQ inventory game and EPQ inventory game with shortage. Proportional method is a method that allocates costs proportionally to a certain allocator. This method has been applied to a variety of problems because of its convenience and simple calculations. However, depending on what the allocator is used for, the proportional method has a weakness that its solution may not exist in the core. Three allocators such as demand, marginal cost, and cost are considered. We prove that the solution of the proportional method to demand and the proportional method to marginal cost for EOQ game and EPQ game with shortage is in the core. The counterexample also shows that the solution of the proportional method to cost does not exist in the core.