• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.58-64
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• 2008

A 6Gbps 1:2 demultiplexer(DEMUX) IC using $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS was designed and fabricated. For high speed performance current mode logic(CML) flipflop was used and inductive peaking technology was used so as to obtain higher speed than conventional Current mode logic flipflop. On-chip spiral inductor was designed to maximize the inductive peaking effect using stack structure. Total twelve inductors of $100{\mu}m^2$ area increase was used. The measurement was processed on wafer and 1:2 demultiplexer with and without micro stacked spiral inductors were compared. For 6Gbps data rate measurement, eye width was improved 7.27% and Jitter was improved 43% respectively. Power consumption was 76.8mW and eye height was 180mV at 6 Gbps

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.812-820
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• 2006

Ethernet has been given a greater attention recently due to tendency of unifying most of transmission technique(not only LAN, but MAN and WAN) to ethernet. Performance evaluation was performed using C language for 10Gbps ethernet Data Link to design the optimum hardware, then internal FIFO size was evaluated. In this paper, MAC core for 10Gbps ethernet which contains high layer interface, transmit engine, flow control block, receive engine, reconciliation sublayer, configuration block, statistics block, and XGMII interface block was designed using VHDL language and Xilinx 6.2i tool and verified using Model_SIM 5.7G simulator. According to the specification of 10Gbps ethernet, MAC core with 64-bit data path should support 156.25MHz in order to support 10Gbps. The designed MAC core that process 64-bit data, operates at 168.549MHz and hence supports the maximum 10.78Gbps data processing. The designed MAC core is applicable to an area that needs a high-speed data processing of 10Gbps or more.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.12
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• pp.46-55
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• 2014

PCB design technology for high-speed transmission line has been developed continuously. Adapting to the high capacity of the communication system, switch fabric interface used for backplane is being standardized to accommodate more than 10Gbps serial interface. In this paper, various computer simulations are performed to compare the performance of each transmission line per length according to PCB material, and also to analyze the effect from via stub length and crosstalk, for the purpose of applying 11.5Gbps serial interface as a switch fabric interface in tera-bit switching system. As a result of the simulation, important design issues, such as PCB material of each board supporting 8dB improvement in transmission loss using low loss PCB, maximum available stub length on transmission line via, whether or not to apply the backdrill process to the via, and the clearance of the differential pair between transmission lines, are determined. The most efficient system architecture which could be applied 11.5Gbps serial interface in all switch fabric interfaces is defined from the simulation results.

• Advances in environmental research
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.231-251
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• 2014

The present study examines the phosphate adsorption potential and behavior of mixture of Ground Burnt Patties (GBP), a solid waste generated from cooking fuel used in earthen stoves and Red Soil (RS), a natural substance in fixed bed column mode operation. The characterization of adsorbent was done by Proton Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE), and Proton Induced ${\gamma}$-ray Emission (PIGE) methods. The FTIR spectroscopy of spent adsorbent reveals the presence of absorbance peak at $1127cm^{-1}$ which appears due to P = O stretching, thus confirming phosphate adsorption. The effects of bed height (10, 15 and 20 cm), flow rate (2.5, 5 and 7.5 mL/min) and initial phosphate concentration (5 and 15 mg/L) on breakthrough curves were explored. Both the breakthrough and exhaustion time increased with increase in bed depth, decrease in flow rate and influent concentration. Thomas model, Yoon-Nelson model and Modified Dose Response model were used to fit the column adsorption data using nonlinear regression analysis while Bed Depth Service Time model followed linear regression analysis under different experimental condition to evaluate model parameters that are useful in scale up of the process. The values of correlation coefficient ($R^2$) and the Sum of Square Error (SSE) revealed the Modified Dose Response model as the best fitted model to the experimental data. The adsorbent mixture responded effectively to the desorption and reusability experiment. The results of this finding advocated that mixture of GBP and RS can be used as a low cost, highly efficient adsorbent for phosphate removal from aqueous solution.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.473-482
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• 2013

Molecular markers, as an efficient selection tool, have been and is being used for practical breeding program in chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Recently, a lot of researches on inheritance and genetic analysis for quantitative traits including capsaicinoids, carotenoids, and sugar content in pepper are being performed worldwide. It has been also reported that QTL mapping is a necessary tool to develop molecular markers associated with the quantitative traits. In this study, we suggested a new method to construct a pepper genetic map using SNP (HRM) markers generated from NGS resequencing of female and male parents. Plant materials were C. annuum 'NB1' (female parent), C. chinense 'Jolokia' (male parent), and their $F_2$ population consisting of 94 progenies. Sequences of 4.6 Gbp and 6.2 Gbp were obtained from NGS resequencing of 'NB1' and 'Jolokia', respectively. Totally, 4.29 million SNPs between 'NB1' and 'Jolokia' were detected and the 1.76 million SNPs were clearly identified. Among them, total 145 SNP (HRM) primer pairs covering pepper genetic map were selected, and the 116 SNP (HRM) markers of them were located on this map. Total distance of the map, which consisted of 12 linkage groups and matched with basic chromosome numbers of pepper, was 1,167.9 cM. According to the mapping result, we concluded that our mapping method was suitable to construct a pepper genetic map fast and accurately. In addition, the genetic map could be directly used for QTL analysis of traits different between both parents.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.152-164
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• 2018

Fermented seasoning pastes were prepared by Aspergillus oryzae and Bacillus subtilis using three edible insects, Tenebrio molitor larvae (TMP), Gryllus bimaculatus (GBP), and Bombyx mori pupa (SPP), with soybean (SBP) as a negative control. Volatile compounds were extracted by the headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) method and confirmed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In total, 121 volatiles from four samples were identified and sub-grouped as 11 esters, 18 alcohols, 23 aldehydes, 5 acids, 10 pyrazines, 2 pyridines, 7 aromatic hydrocarbons, 10 ketones, 19 alkanes, 9 amides, 4 furans and 3 miscellaneous. TMP, GBP, SPP and SBP had 48, 54, 36, and 55 volatile compounds, respectively. Overall, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine and trimethylpyrazine were found by a high proportion in all samples. Tetramethylpyrazine, a main flavor of doenjang, a Korean fermented seasoning soybean paste, was identified as one of the major compounds in TMP, SPP, and SBP. SBP had benzaldehyde, hexanal, n-pentanal, and aldehydes and SPP with pyrazines.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.424-433
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• 2018

Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is an economically important vegetable crop all over the world, which has functional compounds such as lycopene and citrulline. Gummy stem blight caused by Didymella bryoniae is one of the most devastative diseases in watermelon. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which are genetic variations occurring between individuals with respect to a single base, were often used to construct genetic linkage maps and develop molecular markers linked to a variety of horticultural traits and resistance to several diseases. In this study, we developed high-resolution melting (HRM) markers based on SNPs generated from NGS resequencing of two parents in watermelon. Plant materials were C. lanatus '920533' (female and susceptible parent), C. amarus 'PI 189225' (male and resistant parent), and their $F_1$ and $F_2$ progenies. A total of 13.6 Gbp ('920533') and 13.1 Gbp ('PI 189225') of genomic sequences were obtained using NGS analysis. A total of 6.09 million SNPs between '920533' and 'PI 189225' were detected, and 354,860 SNPs were identified as potential HRM primer sets. From these, a total of 330 primer sets for HRM analysis were designed. As a result, a total of 61 HRM markers that have polymorphic melting curves were developed. These HRM markers can be used for the construction of SNP-based linkage maps and for the analysis of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to gummy stem blight resistance.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institutes of Information Security and Cryptology Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.7-10
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• 2002

정보화의 부작용이라 할 수 있는 보호되어야 할 자료의 유출이 심각해지면서 특정 사용자간에 데이터를 암호화해서 전송하고 다시 복호화 해서 데이터를 얻어야 할 필요성이 커지고 있다. 따라서 데이터의 고속 암호화 및 복호화 기술의 개발이 시급하다. 데이터의 암호화 및 복호화를 위해서는 비밀키 암호를 사용하는데 대표적인 비밀키 암호로 Rijndael(AES) 암호가 있다. Rijndael 암호는 기존의 블록암호와는 달리 비교적 적은 게이트 수를 사용하여 하드웨어로 구현할 수 있고, 키 관리와 암/복호 속도 측면에서 하드웨어 구현이 소프트웨어 구현보다 우수하기 때문에 코프로세서 형태로 구현하여 스마트카드, SIM카드, 모바일 시스템 등에 적용할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 스마트 카드에 적합한 Rijdnael 암호 프로세서의 구현 방법에 관하여 기술하였다. 본 논문에서 제시한 방법으로 구현하여 Synopsys로 합성하여 18000 게이트 정도의 적은 게이트 수로 3㎓를 넘어서는 동작 주파수, 2.56 Gbps의 높은 암/복호율을 갖는 프로세서의 구현이 가능함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.99-109
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• 2009

현재 주목을 받고 있는 테라헤르츠 대역의 주파수를 이용한 무선통신시스템 응용기술 동향에 대하여 기술한다. 테라헤르츠 대역은 전자파 스펙트럼에서 밀리미터파 대역과 원적외선 대역의 중간에 위치하는 100GHz~10THz 사이의 주파수이다. 현재 시점에서 10년 이내에 약 15Gbps의 데이터 속도가 필요할 것으로 판단되며, 10Gbps 이상의 전송속도를 실현하기 위해서는 기존의 밀리미터파에서 사용하는 주파수 대역폭 보다 더 넓은 대역폭이 필요하며, 이 대역폭을 얻기 위해서는 테라헤르츠 주파수 대역으로 자연적으로 옮겨가지 않을 수 없다. 본 고에서는 테라헤르츠 대역의 전파 특성, 가용 주파수 대역과 무선통신시스템 응용을 위한 옥내 채널 모델, 테라헤르츠 무선통신시스템 연구동향, RF 송수신기 핵심부품 및 MMIC 기술개발 동향을 소개하고자 한다.

• JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL WORLD
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• s.257
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• pp.70-77
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• 1998

21세기를 지향하여 음성뿐만 아니라 데이터, 나아가서는 화상까지도 쌍방향전송을 가능케하는 고도정보통신, 소위 멀티미디어의 세계가 구현되어 가고 있다. 이 멀티미디어의 세계는 (1)고속$\cdot$대용량, (2)글로벌, (3)모바일(퍼스널)의 키워드로 특징지을 수 있는데, 여기에는 화합물반도체를 베이스로하는 광$\cdot$마이크로파디바이스가 깊이 관련되어 있다. 마이크로파디바이스를 살펴보면 소위 ''텔레데식'' 계획으로 대표되는 다량의 인공위성을 이용한 글로벌한 고속$\cdot$대용량통신에는 30 GHz라는 초고주파기술이 필수이며, HEMT등의 고성능화합물 반도체디바이스가 반드시 필요하다. 또 2.5~10Gbps, 나아가서는 40Gbps의 고속$\cdot$장거리 통신에는 광 디바이스가 결정적인 역할을 하고 있다. 한편 지수 함수적으로 증대하고 있는 정보의 축적은 광디스크의 진보에 힘입은 바가 크다. 보다 많은 대용량 화상데이터의 축적과 읽기$\cdot$쓰기를 할 수 있는 DVD(Digital Versatile Disc)-ROM, DVD-RAM에 대하여도 시장 조성이 목전에 다가오고 있다. 이와 같이 광$\cdot$마이크로파디바이스는 정보$\cdot$통신의 프런트 엔드를 걸머진 중핵디바이스로서 앞으로 멀티미디어를 근간으로 하여 성장해 갈 것으로 생각된다.