• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.509-516
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• 2011

The antioxidant and anticancer activities of leaves and stems from Gaeddongssuk (Artemisia annua L.) were investigated. The leaves and stems were extracted with water and 80% ethanol, respectively. The antioxidant and growth inhibition activities toward cancer cells by the 4 kinds of extracts were tested. In addition, phenolic compounds from A. annua were identified through quantitative analysis using HPLC. Antioxidant activities significantly increased in a does-dependent manner, and those of water and ethanol extracts of the leaves were stronger than those of the stems. Growth inhibition activities of the leaf extracts on HeLa and AGS cells were higher than those of the stem extracts. In particular, the ethanol extract of the leaves had growth inhibition activities of 61.07% and 57.24% against HeLa and AGS cells, at the concentration of $500\;{\mu}g$/mL, respectively, which were the highest among all the extracts. Phenolic acid and catechin contents of the A. annua extracts as determined by HPLC were higher in the leaves than in the stems. Flavonols were identified only in the leaves. The data suggest that the antioxidant and anticancer activities of A. annua extracts were due to phenolic compounds as well as unknown biological compounds in A. annua.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.130-137
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• 2020

The present study was undertaken to compare the effects exerted by different extraction solvents on the extraction of active components, such as polyphenols and flavonoids, from the dried leaves of Artemisia annua L. Different extracts were prepared using a heating mantle. The extraction solvents used were distilled water, and 20, 40, 60, 80, and 99.5% ethanol solution. It was observed that the 40% ethanol solution yielded the most significant results in the extraction of various phytochemicals with phenol concentration of 154.8±0.28 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g and flavonoid content of 25.28±0.01 mg quercetin equivalent/g. However, based on the extraction solvent used, varying trends were observed in the antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, and bacterial inhibition analyses. It was concluded that the extraction solvent should be selected based on the purpose of use of the dried leaves of A. annua L.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.171-177
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• 2012

We bred a mulberry cultivar named Sangberry, through local adaptability test, which is under registration as a new cultivar for fruit production. Local adaptability test had been carried out at four places(Suwon, Kongju, Jangseong and Sangju) for six years from 2005. This is tetraploidy variety belonging to(Morus alba L.) made by colchicine treatment on growing point of winter buds. Sangberry was high yielding cultivar in fruit productivity by 70% compared to control cultivar "Chungilppong(Morus alba L.)" for four years. Although Sangberry was a little lower in sugar content of mulberry fruits, it contains more bioactive materials like C3G, rutin and amino acids than Chungilppong. It is adaptable to every where except the places where cold damage and sclerotic disease happen frequently.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.235-245
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• 2024

Objective : The study's objective is to assess the components of Dendropanax morbifera (DM) utilizing UPLC-MS/MS and assess their antioxidant properties in order to establish fundamental information for quality control of herbal formulations. Methods : The DM leaves were ground into powder and extracted with water at 80℃. The extract was subsequently concentrated and subjected to freeze-drying for subsequent analysis. The LC-MS/MS analysis was performed using a 1260 series HPLC system and a 3200 QTrap tandem mass system in positive ion mode, with detection conducted at 280 nm. The Folin-Ciocalteu method was employed to measure the phenolic content, while a colorimetric method using aluminum chloride was used to determine the flavonoid content, with gallic acid and quercetin as standards, respectively. The evaluation of antioxidant activity was conducted through the measurement of DPPH radical scavenging activity, by adding the DPPH solution to the extract and recording the absorbance at 517 nm. Results : The UPLC-MS/MS analysis identified five polyphenolic compounds in the DM extract, specifically syringin, 6-hydroxyluteolin 7-O-laminaribioside, shaftoside, rutin, and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside. The extract was found to contain a total phenolic content of 83.106 ± 0.21 mg GAE/g and a total flavonoid content of 87.963 ± 1.014 mg QE/g. The DM extract demonstrated substantial antioxidant properties, resulting in a reduction of DPPH radicals that was evident at concentrations as low as 40 ㎍/㎖. Conclusions : The study determined important polyphenolic compounds in DM and established its considerable antioxidant efficacy. These findings provide evidence for the efficacy of DM in disease prevention related to oxidative stress and establish a foundation for ensuring quality control in herbal preparations.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.234-242
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• 2017

This study was conducted to provide basic data of Cirsium setidens Nakai in different harvest time that will be applied for development of functional foods and ingredients. We investigated pectiolinarin and pectolinarigenin content, total flavonoids content and antioxidant effects (DPPH radical scavenging activity and ORAC assay) of C. setidens Nakai. Our results showed that the pectolinarin and total flavonoids contents of C. setidens Nakai in harvesting time ranged from $43.13{\pm}0.22$ to $95.65{\pm}0.34mg/g$ and from $32.81{\pm}1.68$ to $40.43{\pm}0.35mg$ rutin equivalent (RE)/g, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of C. setidens Nakai did not show differences in harvesting time. The oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) value was highest in August (2016) extracts ($827.72{\mu}mole\;TE/g$). In addition, C. setidens Nakai exthanolic extract in harvesting time did not show any cytotoxicity up to $200{\mu}g/mL$. During adipocyte differentiation, C. setidens Nakai extract in harvesting time significantly inhibited lipid accumulation and ROS production, compared with the controls. These results suggest that C. setidens Nakai extract could be considered as a non-toxic natural resources of functional food ingredients and natural antioxidants.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.517-527
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• 2018

The current study investigated in vitro anti-diabetic and neuroprotective effects of the ethyl acetate fraction in Actinidia arguta sprouts (EFAS), on $H_2O_2$ and high glucose-induced cytotoxicity in human neuroblastoma MC-IXC cells. EFAS had high total phenolic and total flavonoid contents. An assessment of 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity of EFAS, as well as its potential for inhibiting malondialdehyde production, indicated that EFAS may possess significant antioxidant properties. EFAS exerted inhibitory effects on ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ via glycemic regulation which forms advanced glycation end products. In addition, EFAS exhibited significant acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effects. Moreover, EFAS displayed protective effects against $H_2O_2$ and high glucose-induced cell death, and inhibited the generation of reactive oxygen species in MC-IXC cells. Finally, the main physiological compound of EFAS was identified via high performance liquid chromatography as a rutin.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.369-376
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant components and activities of HR02/04(8:2)-W, a mixture of S. quelpaertensis Nakai and F. erecta var. sieboldii. We investigated the p-coumaric acid, total flavonoid, and total phenol contents. To evaluate the antioxidant efficacy, we measured the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, FRAP activity, reducing power, and ORAC value. We observed the protective effect of hydrogen peroxide against cell damage in human dermal fibroblasts. As a result of the experiment, the p-coumaric acid, total flavonoid, and total phenol contents were 75.62±1.56 mg/100 g, 21.57±0.84 mg rutin equivalent (RE)/g, and 21.25±1.31 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g, respectively. In the experiments on antioxidant activity, HR02/04(8:2)-W was found to have significantly increased antioxidant activity. In the human dermal fibroblasts, the HR02/04(8:2)-W treated groups could effectively protect cells against oxidative damage. In this study, we confirmed that HR02/04(8:2)-W is a material with effective physiological antioxidant activity.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.87-96
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• 2017

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to identify and compare the main phenolic compounds (anthocyanins, flavonoids, phenolic acids) in blueberry and black raspberry cultivated in Korea using ultra-performance liquid chromatography diode array detection-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-DAD-QTOF/MS). METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty-nine flavonoids were identified by comparison of ultraviolet and mass spectra with data in a chemical library and published data. Blueberry contained flavonols including kaempferol, quercetin, isorhamnetin, myricetin, and syringetin aglycones. Isorhamnetin 3-O-robinobioside, kaempferol 3-O-(6"-O-acetyl)glucoside, quercetin, quercetin 3-O-arabinofuranoside (avicularin), quercetin 3-O-(6''-O-malonyl) glucoside, and quercetin 3-O-robinobioside were detected for the first time in blueberry. The flavonoids in raspberry consisted of quercetin aglycone and its glycosides. The mean total flavonoid content in blueberry [143.0 mg/100 g dry weight (DW)] was 1.5-times that in raspberry (95.4 mg/100 g DW). The most abundant flavonoid in blueberry was quercetin 3-O-galactoside (hyperoside, up to 76.1 mg/100 g DW) and that in raspberry was quercetin 3-O-glucuronide (miquelianin, up to 55.5 mg/100 g DW). Miquelianin was not detected in blueberry. CONCLUSION: Flavonol glycosides were the main flavonoids in blueberry and black raspberry cultivated in Korea. The composition and contents of flavonoids differed between blueberry and black raspberry, and may be affected by the cultivar and cultivation conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.826-833
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• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of YK-209 mulberry leaves on HMG-CoA reductase activity and lipid composition of liver in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing 100 $\pm$ 10 B were randomly assigned as a normal group and four STZ-induced diabetic groups according to the level of dietary mulberry leaves supplement. The experimental diets were fed ad libidum, so that diabetes was experimentally induced by intravenous injection of STZ 55 mg/kg of body weight after feeding for 3 weeks. Animals were sacrificed on the 9th day of diabetic states. The levels of serum triglyceride, total-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in DM group were higher than mulberry leaves supplemented groups and normal group, but those of the mulberry leaves supplemented groups were significantly decreased to normal level. In contrast, the leavels of serum HDL-cholesterol in DM group was significantly reduced than that of normal group, but mulberry leaves supplemented groups were increased to normal level. Atherogenic index in DM group was higher about 3 fold than the normal group but the DM-0.1Y and DM-0.2Y groups were maintained the normal level. Contents of total lipid and triglyceride of liver in DM group were significantly lower than that of normal group, but the mulberry Leaves supplemented groups increased than that of DM group. The contents of hepatic cholesterol in DM group was 160% higher than that of normal group, but the mulberry leaves supplementation groups maintained the normal level. The activity of hepatic 3-hydroxy -3-methylglutaryl Coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase in DM group was 43% lower than that of normal group, but had no significant difference between DM-0.1Y, DM-0.2Y and normal groups. In conclusion, YK-209 mulberry loaves has improving effect of the lipid metabolism in STZ-induced diabetic rats through hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activity, and the change of lipids contents in serum and liver.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.171-180
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to determine the possibility of using Flos Sophora japonica as natural health food source. To accomplish this purpose, the contents of general and antioxidative nutrients of Flos Sophora japonica a were measured. The contents of carbohydrate, crude protein, crude lipid and ash are 67.76%, 19.87%, 4.61% and 7.76%. And the calories of Flos Sophora japonica Linne was 318.32 Kcal. Total dietary fiber was 25.35% of total carbohydrates. The percentages of water soluble dietary fiber to insoluble dietary fiber were 1.80 % and 23.56 %, respectively. The protein were contained total 18 different kinds of amino acids. The contents of non-essential and essential amino acids were 4,898.78mg and 5,953.51mg. The K was the largest mineral followed by Ca, P and Mg, which means Flos Sophora japonica Linne is alkali material. The contents of saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids were 29.69%, 34.93% and 35.38%. Therefore, the amount of the total unsaturated fatty acid was higher than that of any other plant. The content of vitamin C in Flos Sophora japonica Linne was higher than that of any other plant, which suggest that it could increase blood elasticity. The content of rutin, which is responsible for capillary vessel permeability, was 22.60%. The contents of water soluble antioxidative materials in 1 mL of water-extracted Flos Sophora japonica Linne were 3.9 ${\mu}$g which is comparable to 1233.0 mmol of vitamin C in antioxidant effect. The general nutrients and other antioxidatant bioactive materials in Flos Sophora japonica Linne were also potential materials for good health food. It is expected that follow up study of Flos Sophora japonica Linne through developing processed food and evaluation of their functional properties would provide useful information as a source of medicinal foods.