Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회지)

The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회)
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Comparison of Flavonoid Characteristics between Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) and Black Raspberry (Rubus coreanus) Cultivated in Korea using UPLC-DAD-QTOF/MS

UPLC-DAD-QTOF/MS를 이용한 국내 재배 블루베리(Vaccinium corymbosum)와 복분자(Rubus coreanus)의 플라보노이드 특성 비교

  • Jin, Young (Department of Agro-food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Kim, Heon-Woong (Department of Agro-food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Lee, Min-Ki (Department of Agro-food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Lee, Seon-Hye (Department of Agro-food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Jang, Hwan-Hee (Department of Agro-food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Hwang, Yu-Jin (Department of Agro-food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Choe, Jeong-Sook (Department of Agro-food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Lee, Sung-Hyun (Department of Agro-food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Cha, Youn-Soo (Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Kim, Jung-Bon (Department of Agro-food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences)
  • 김영진 (국립농업과학원 농식품자원부 기능성식품과) ;
  • 김헌웅 (국립농업과학원 농식품자원부 기능성식품과) ;
  • 이민기 (국립농업과학원 농식품자원부 기능성식품과) ;
  • 이선혜 (국립농업과학원 농식품자원부 기능성식품과) ;
  • 장환희 (국립농업과학원 농식품자원부 기능성식품과) ;
  • 황유진 (국립농업과학원 농식품자원부 기능성식품과) ;
  • 최정숙 (국립농업과학원 농식품자원부 기능성식품과) ;
  • 이성현 (국립농업과학원 농식품자원부 기능성식품과) ;
  • 차연수 (전북대학교 생활과학대학 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김정봉 (국립농업과학원 농식품자원부 기능성식품과)
  • Received : 2017.05.23
  • Accepted : 2017.06.21
  • Published : 2017.06.30
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to identify and compare the main phenolic compounds (anthocyanins, flavonoids, phenolic acids) in blueberry and black raspberry cultivated in Korea using ultra-performance liquid chromatography diode array detection-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-DAD-QTOF/MS). METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty-nine flavonoids were identified by comparison of ultraviolet and mass spectra with data in a chemical library and published data. Blueberry contained flavonols including kaempferol, quercetin, isorhamnetin, myricetin, and syringetin aglycones. Isorhamnetin 3-O-robinobioside, kaempferol 3-O-(6"-O-acetyl)glucoside, quercetin, quercetin 3-O-arabinofuranoside (avicularin), quercetin 3-O-(6''-O-malonyl) glucoside, and quercetin 3-O-robinobioside were detected for the first time in blueberry. The flavonoids in raspberry consisted of quercetin aglycone and its glycosides. The mean total flavonoid content in blueberry [143.0 mg/100 g dry weight (DW)] was 1.5-times that in raspberry (95.4 mg/100 g DW). The most abundant flavonoid in blueberry was quercetin 3-O-galactoside (hyperoside, up to 76.1 mg/100 g DW) and that in raspberry was quercetin 3-O-glucuronide (miquelianin, up to 55.5 mg/100 g DW). Miquelianin was not detected in blueberry. CONCLUSION: Flavonol glycosides were the main flavonoids in blueberry and black raspberry cultivated in Korea. The composition and contents of flavonoids differed between blueberry and black raspberry, and may be affected by the cultivar and cultivation conditions.

UPLC-DAD-QTOF/MS를 이용하여 국내에서 재배한 7품종의 하이부시 블루베리와 7지역에서 재배된 복분자 열매에서 총 29종 (블루베리 29종, 복분자 종4)의 개별 플라보노이드 성분을 정성 및 정량 분석하였다. 블루베리의 평균 플라보노이드 함량은 143.0 mg/100g DW로 관찰되었고, 'Darrow'에서 가장 높았으며, 'Nelson'이 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 복분자의 평균 플라보노이드 함량은 95.4 mg/100g DW로 나타났으며, 총 플라보노이드 함량은 정읍>순창>고창>광양 순으로 높았으나 정읍, 순창, 고창간에 유의적인 함량차이는 나타나지 않았다. 블루베리는 hyperoside와 isoqercitrin이 각각 총 플라보노이드 함량 중 평균 31.4%, 13.3%을 차지하였으며, 복분자는 rutin과 miquelianin이 각각 총 플라보노이드 함량 중 평균 51.4%, 40.2%를 차지하여 두 베리류 열매간 주요 플라보노이드 성분의 특성 차이를 확인할 수 있었다. 블루베리 열매에서 quercetin 3-O-robinobioside, quercetin 3-O-(6"-O-malonyl)glucoside, isorhamnetin 3-O-robinobioside, avicularin, kaempferol 3-O-(6"-O-acetyl)glucoside, quercetin이 처음으로 동정되었다. 본 연구 결과는 국내산 블루베리와 복분자를 이용한 기능성 식품 개발에 필요한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단되며, 추후 연구에서는 보다 다양한 베리류에 대한 추가 분석이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 또한 본 연구 방법은 베리류 뿐만 아니라 다양한 식물에 존재하는 플라보노이드의 정성 및 정량 분석이 가능하여 활용 가치가 높을 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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