• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.60 no.5
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• pp.1-15
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• 2018

This study aims to effective survey on actual condition for impact and vulnerability assessment on climate change in agriculture and rural community (limited to rural water and agricultural infrastructure, Paragraph 3, Article 2 of the Rearrangement of Agricultural and Fishing Villages Act) entrusted to Korea Rural Community Corporation based on the Law (Paragraph 2, Article 47 of the Framework Act on Agriculture, Rural community and Food industry). The results are summarized as follows. The rural water was divided into three categories (abnormal climate, water use, and flood control), and 31 indicators were selected. The reservoirs were divided into four categories, and 20 indicators were selected. The pumping stations were divided into two categories, 7 indicators, and the drainage pump stations were divided into two categories, 5 indicators were chosen. A survey on actual condition of each indicator was conducted and the result of the impact assessment was calculated. The 65 rural water showed values ranged from 0.855 to 1.308. The reservoir ranged from 0.966 to 23.338 as a result of the impact assessment on the 16 indicators. The pumping station was able to calculate the results of the safety inspection and the thorough safety inspection, and the drainage pump station was able to calculate only the result of the safety inspection. It is judged that it will be necessary to secure and analyze data on indicators with no data in the future. The results of this research can be utilized as baseline data that can deal with climate change preemptively.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.660-665
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• 2002

In Korea, an olive flounder is very popular fish food item. However, due to the increasing human population, the present catches of the olive flounder may not be sufficient to satisfy the present demand. To increase the supply of the olive flounder, aquaculture has been begun. An interest in the aquaculture of the olive flounder has been increased recently because of its characteristics of good growth and high price in the market, However, the productivity of the olive flounder aquaculture depends on economic inputs such as fuels, facilities, and labor. The rapid growths of the olive flounder aquaculture and the concerns about economic and ecological sustainability have focused peoples attention on the aquaculture industry. In this study, an energy systems model was built to simulate the variation of sustainability on the aquaculture of olive flounder, The results of simulation based on calibration data in 1995 show that olive flounder production yield and asset slowly increase to steady state because of the law of supply and demand. The results of simulation based on the variation of oil price show that the more increase the oil price, the more decrease the olive flounder economic yield and asset. Energy sources required for systems determine the sustainability of systems. Conclusionally, the present systems of the olive flounder aquaculture should be transformed to ecological-recycling systems or ecological engineering systems which depend on renewable resources rather than aquaculture systems which depend on fossil fuels, and be harmonized with the fishing fisheries by the sustainable use of renewable resources in the carrying capacity.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.235-246
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• 2002

The fish farming using net cages has been developed in many semi-closed bays in the southern coast of Korea for the last two decades. The intensive cage cultures of fishes generate considerable amounts of organic waste in the form of uneaten food and faeces. In order to evaluate the effect of fish farming activities we collected the benthic macrofauna near the fish farm area located in Wolho Islet of Gamak Bay and in Haklim Island of Tongyeong in November 1998. Benthic macrofaunal assemblages showed dramatic changes in species number, species diversity, and faunal abundance in the region of the fish farm. These changes were clearly observed even at a distance of up to 30 m from the fish farming cage area. Within 5 m from the cage, there was a zone with low species diversity and highest density, dominated by opportunistic polychaete worm, Capitella capitata. By a distance of 15-30 m, this zone presents highest species number and higher density. Our results clearly demonstrated that fish farm area was highly enriched with organic materials, and implied that the fish farm industry and adjacent benthic ecosystem in semi-closed bay will be seriously damaged by self produced organic wastes in the near future.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.357-369
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• 2007

Water fleas are very important organisms in aquatic ecosystem because they are key constituents of food webs as either glazers or foods for predators. Daphnia magna is a representative test species and it has been extensively used in ecotoxicity evaluation. However, Daphnia magna has not been found yet in Korean water environment. There are limitations of using the foreign species such as Daphnia magna to reflect domestic situations in Korea. Consequently it is mandatory to find domestic species suitable for bioassay, and to develop corresponding toxicity test methods using the domestic species. In this study, we widely collected the domestic and foreign toxicity test methods performed by using domestic water fleas in Korea. The 58 test methods were collected from the standard methods (OECD, US EPA, ASTM), government reports, SCI papers and domestic papers. Ten domestic water fleas selected were Bosmina longirostris, Ceriodaphnia dubia, Ceriodaphnia reticulata, Daphnia obtusa, Daphnia puex, Moina macrocopa, Moina micrura, Simocephalus mixtus, Simocephalus serrulatus, and Simocephalus vetulus. We suggested the domestic ecotoxicity test methods using domestic water fleas in Korea through providing a range of test conditions, and future directions for toxicity test using water flea. This study could be a useful basis for establishing the aquatic toxicity test methods with domestic organisms in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.110-118
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• 2016

The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has established the Globally Important Agriculture Heritage Site in 2002, designating the Agricultural Heritages with global value, and carries forward conservation and management. In Korea, the Agricultural Heritage system was adopted to conserve and manage the valuable resources of agricultural space in 2012. Although, the interest in the Agricultural Heritage has been developed, the valuation standards for unique value of the Korea Agricultural Heritage has not been yet established, so discovery and designation of the Agricultural Heritage are at a standstill. Meanwhile, a study from the conceptual viewpoint of the Agricultural Heritage, resources investigation for discovery of the Agricultural Heritage, index development, and a study for conservation and management methods through sightseeing are focused, and a study for the valuation standards about the Korea Agricultural Heritage are not focused. Therefore, the study has analyzed a value of the Korea Agricultural Heritage, and suggested the standards of evaluation a value of the Agricultural Heritage rightly. This study suggested the valuation standards of the Korea Agricultural Heritage used in discovery and designation of the Agricultural Heritage, so prepared a base to conduct the valuation considering the characteristics of the Agricultural Heritage. Such standards will contribute to conservation and management of the Agricultural Heritage in the future.

• Journal of Legislation Research
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• no.53
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• pp.109-147
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• 2017

North Korean defectors had left North Korea often to escape from food shortages in the mid-1990s. Since the 2000s, the reasons of their flee from North Korea have more resulted from their exposure to external information, and a desire for democracy and freedom. However, North Korean defectors living in China are not recognized as refugees and thus subject to various human rights violations including forced repatriation. It needs to be thought that wether North Korean defectors who escape from North Korea are political refugees under international law. If they are not recognized as refugees in their new countries, it is imperative to consider a possible way to protect their human rights under international law. The problem of recognition of the refugee status of a person is a matter of involving the sovereignty of individual countries, however, the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees should provide protection of their unique rights, as recognizes by the UNHCR, and their status should be treated as a refugees issue in a broad sense. In the future, it is a necessary to establish international solidarity among individual countries, the UN General Assembly, the decisions of the Human Rights Council and support of UNHCR, to anticipate the need for the refugee recognition and the protection of International Human Rights in preparation for possible mass defections and refugees from North Korea.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.156-169
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• 2021

Traditional morphological identification difficulties, such as phenotypic plasticity, misidentification of cryptic species, and larval stage species, can be compensated for by using DNA analysis techniques, such as DNA barcoding, in surveying zooplankton populations, including species identification. Recently, the rapid development of DNA sequencing techniques has allowed DNA-based community analysis not only for zooplankton assemblages in various aquatic ecosystems but also for the gut contents of zooplankton that are limited by conventional methods such as visual and microscopic identification. Therefore, the application of DNA sequencing can help understand biological interactions through the analysis of zooplankton food sources. The present paper introduces the major DNA-based approaches in zooplankton research topics, including taxonomic approaches by DNA barcoding, community-level approaches by metabarcoding, and gut content analyses, summarizes the analysis methods, and finally suggests the methodological topics that need to be considered for future applications.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.277-282
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• 2018

BACKGROUND: At these days, the human health and environmental concerns of pesticide used for turf grass management at golf courses in Korea have increased. The objectives of the study were to determine the pesticide residues for golf course and neighboring area and evaluate the impact moved into neighboring area of pesticides treated at golf courses. METHODS AND RESULTS: Three golf courses and neighboring areas in Korea were monitored from July to October, 2017. The soil sample collection was divided the golf course into its logical parts (such as a greens, fairways, and rough) and neighboring area soil samples were collected at three different points. The water samples of the golf course and neighboring area were collected at three different points, respectively. The pesticide residues for soil and water sample were monitored by the multi-residue screening method of 98 pesticide with HPLC-MS-MS. The concentrations of detected pesticide in soil and water samples of the golf course were in the range of 0.01~1.26 mg/kg and 0.0001~0.0089 mg/kg, respectively. The residue levels for detected pesticides in neighboring area were at 0.01~0.04 mg/kg and 0.0001~0.0029 mg/kg, respectively, well below those level in golf course. CONCLUSION: This study indicate that the pesticide residue levels of golf course and neighboring area in Korea may not a possible risk of exposure on soil and aquatic environment. For future work, more monitoring should be performed so that the evaluation data becomes more valid.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.129-140
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• 2019

The purpose of our study is to confirm the usefulness of our new youth entrepreneurship program. In this study, I suggest design thinking as a new Youth entrepreneurship program which is consist of 9 dimensions: opportunity discovery, opportunity utilization, creativity capacity, career preparation behavior, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial intention, self-preservation, social problem solving, and educational program objectives. To verify this new program, I conduct a pilot test in middle school and high school; the sample target is randomly selected one class in each school. My main finding is two. First, our new program successfully improves Youth entrepreneurship. Particularly, the improvement of opportunity utilization and entrepreneurial intention are prominent. As reasons, studies about food industry entrepreneurship is an unfamiliar subject for adolescent. Considering that entrepreneurial intention rapidly changes after the experience of entrepreneurial education, researchers need to focus on this variable. Second, I confirm the effects of gender, motivation, prior experience, interest oneself and other's recommendation about the entrepreneurship program. As a result, gender and prior experience do not have an important influence. On the other hand, voluntary interest and other's recommendation are influential. The most important factor is the influence of a teacher. Therefore, researchers need to examine the more specific mechanism of each dimension in the future.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.309-318
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• 2018

In this study, we investigated subjective perceptions of one retailer's PB products for large retailers by applying the Q methodology to examine subjective trends of consumers who purchased and experienced PB products at home. In this study, we examine how HMR-type PB products developed and released by large retailers according to the demographically changing social structure represent the meaning and subjective acceptance of PB products in a single licensee through Q methodological studies. The purpose of this paper is to propose various direction and improvement plan of food product development and release for one license of large distribution company in the future. Based on these research problems, five types of type analysis results were derived. Specifically, the first type (N = 5): Brand image trust type, the second type (N = 5): NB product preference type, the third type(N = 2): Easy cooking preference type, and fourth type (N = 2): Pursuing taste for price type and fifth type (N = 2): Quantitative pursuit for price type.