• Mycobiology
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.399-407
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• 2022

Endophytic fungi occupy inner plant tissues, which results in various interactions between the fungus and host. Studies on endophytic fungi have been conducted in Korea for over 30 years. This paper summarizes the published results of those studies. The endophytic fungi of approximately 132 plant species in Korea have been studied since the 1990s, resulting in over 118 publications. The host plants featured in these studies comprised 3 species of mosses, 34 species of woody plants, and 95 species of herbaceous plants. At the family level, the most studied plants were members of the Poaceae family, covering 18 species. Regionally, these studies were conducted throughout Korea, but over half of the studies were conducted in Gyeongsangbuk-do, Gangwon-do, and Chungcheongnam-do. Relatively few studies have been conducted in a metropolis such as Seoul. We confirmed 5 phyla, 16 classes, 49 orders, 135 families, 305 genera, and 855 taxa of endophytic fungi, excluding Incertae sedis, whose relationship with others are unknown. Most of the endophytic fungi belonged to Ascomycota (93.2%), and a few belonged to Basidiomycota (3.6%). Since the diversity of endophytic fungi differs depending on the host plant, plant tissue, and distribution region, future studies should be conducted on multiple host plants and in various regions. Future studies on endophytic fungi are expected to broaden, including genomics and taxonomic and ecological studies of secondary metabolites.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.159-167
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• 2016

Purpose: This article provides an overview of current knowledge on the impact of caregiving on the psychological and physical health of family caregivers of intensive care unit (ICU) survivors and suggestions for future research. Methods: Review of selected papers published in English between January 2000 and October 2015 reporting psychological and physical health outcomes in family caregivers of ICU survivors. Results: In family caregivers of ICU survivors followed up to five years after patients' discharge from an ICU, psychological symptoms, manifested as depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder, were highly prevalent. Poor self-care, sleep disturbances and fatigue were identified as common physical health problems in family caregivers. Studies to date are mainly descriptive; few interventions have targeted family caregivers. Further, studies that elicit unique needs of families from diverse cultures are lacking. Conclusion: Studies to date have described the impact of caregiving on the psychological and physical health in family caregivers of ICU survivors. Few studies have tested interventions to support unique needs in this population. Therefore, evidence for best strategies is lacking. Future research is needed to identify ICU caregivers at greatest risk for distress, time points to target interventions with maximal efficacy, needs of those from diverse cultures and test interventions to mitigate family caregivers' burden.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.319-330
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• 2019

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) constitute key factors in determining successful medication therapy in clinical situations. Integrative analysis of electronic medical record (EMR) data and use of proper analytical tools are requisite to conduct retrospective surveillance of clinical decisions on medications. Thus, we suggest that electronic medical recording and human genetic databases are considered together in future directions of pharmacovigilance. We analyzed EMR-based ADR studies indexed on PubMed during the period from 2005 to 2017 and retrospectively acquired 1161 (29.6%) articles describing drug-induced adverse reactions (e.g., liver, kidney, nervous system, immune system, and inflammatory responses). Of them, only 102 (8.79%) articles contained useful information to detect or predict ADRs in the context of clinical medication alerts. Since insufficiency of EMR datasets and their improper analyses may provide false warnings on clinical decision, efforts should be made to overcome possible problems on data-mining, analysis, statistics, and standardization. Thus, we address the characteristics and limitations on retrospective EMR database studies in hospital settings. Since gene expression and genetic variations among individuals impact ADRs, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics, appropriate paths for pharmacovigilance may be optimized using suitable databases available in public domain (e.g., genome-wide association studies (GWAS), non-coding RNAs, microRNAs, proteomics, and genetic variations), novel targets, and biomarkers. These efforts with new validated biomarker analyses would be of help to repurpose clinical and translational research infrastructure and ultimately future personalized therapy considering ADRs.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.32-37
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• 2012

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to obtain some understanding about Korean medicine treatment on language disorder in cerebral palsy for future practice and the research, from the clinical studies. Methods: The literature was searched using the database-China Academic Journals (CAJ). Clinical studies of Korean medicine treatment for language disorder in cerebral palsy, including Randomized controlled trial (RCT), case control study, case series, case report were analyzed. Results: Fifteen Clinical studies met our inclusion criteria; One case study and six case series, one non-randomized controlled trial and seven RCTs. Acupuncture treatment, especially Head acupuncture, was the major treatment for language disorder of cerebral palsy in clinical studies, as it was used in fourteen studies. Acupoint massage, tuina, and acupoint injection were employed as treatment methods in the studies. Acupuncture treatment was used for language disorder of cerebral palsy combined with language therapy and other rehabilitation treatment in many studies. The effectiveness in the treatment groups, regardless of treatment methods, was higher than that of control group in all RCT studies. Conclusions: The results of this study could be used in the practice and the future study about language disorder of cerebral palsy.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.432-444
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• 2014

Purpose: This descriptive study was conducted in order to investigate the research trends of past nursing studies related to disasters in Korea, and to identify the direction of future research. Methods: Fifty studies conducted from July 1995 to June 2014 were analyzed according to general characteristics, disaster phase, disaster type, and research theme based on the four areas and 10 domains of the ICN Framework of Disaster Nursing Competencies. Results: The majority of studies were designed using quantitative methods (29). In disaster type, 12 studies explored natural disasters, and 14 explored manmade disasters. Disaster responders were the subject of 31 studies. In relation to research topics, the majority of studies were in the area of preparedness competencies of the ICN Framework (26). The studies were concentrated in the domain of education and preparedness (24). Conclusion: The total number of studies on disasters had increased over the years, while the topics failed to deal with all domains of the ICN Framework. The results indicate that the future direction of nursing research on disasters is to be vitalized through the flexibility of research design, systematic approach based on global perspectives, research on emergency responders and vulnerable people, and research relating to community-based disaster nursing.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.584-586
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• 2003

Load Forecasting is essential in the electricity market to the participants to manage the market efficiently and stably. Therefore, we review the past researches of load forecasting and investigate various characteristics of load variation. Finally, future studies are discussed.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.18-25
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• 2012

This paper examines the academic basis, current status, and future directions of liberal education for engineers as consilience education. After paying attention to the lists of liberal education for engineers including history of technology, technology and society, engineering ethics, economics of technology, management of technology, and technology policy, I found the academic basis of liberal education for engineers in science and technology studies or innovation studies. And then I monitored how liberal education for engineers is managed focusing on the case of Pusan National University and introduced new attempts on liberal education for engineers in other universities in Korea. Lastly, the future directions for the development of liberal education for engineers were suggested such as the strengthening of lecturers' expertise, the reconstruction of engineering education course, and the promotion of relevant academic associations' cooperation.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.129-136
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• 1991

This is a review of the studies on aquaculture and its environments in Jinhae Bay, one of the most productive areas in the south coastal waters in Korea, carried out since 1960's. It's content consists of describing the outlines of, (1) a brief history of shellfish culture development and the study of oceanic environments relating to the aquaculture, (2) the oceanographic studies on the eutrophication, red tides, and the mass mortality of shellfish due to pollution and (3) the studies on forecasting aquaculture and oceanographic conditions, and on the direction of aquacultural oceanographic studies in the near future.

• 대기
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.403-417
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• 2014

Future changes in seasonal mean temperature and precipitation over East Asia under anthropogenic global warming are investigated by comparing the historical run for 1979~2005 and the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 run for 2006~2100 with 20 coupled models which participated in the phase five of Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project (CMIP5). Although an increase in future temperature over the East Asian monsoon region has been commonly accepted, the prediction of future precipitation under global warming still has considerable uncertainties with a large inter-model spread. Thus, we select best five models, based on the evaluation of models' performance in present climate for boreal summer and winter seasons, to reduce uncertainties in future projection. Overall, the CMIP5 models better simulate climatological temperature and precipitation over East Asia than the phase 3 of CMIP and the five best models' multi-model ensemble (B5MME) has better performance than all 20 models' multi-model ensemble (MME). Under anthropogenic global warming, significant increases are expected in both temperature and land-ocean thermal contrast over the entire East Asia region during both seasons for near and long term future. The contrast of future precipitation in winter between land and ocean will decrease over East Asia whereas that in summer particularly over the Korean Peninsula, associated with the Changma, will increase. Taking into account model validation and uncertainty estimation, this study has made an effort on providing a more reliable range of future change for temperature and precipitation particularly over the Korean Peninsula than previous studies.

• 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.5-32
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• 2016

Purpose of this paper is to review series of Limits to Growth studies from its original Rome Club Report published in 1972 to the most recent one in 2012 by Jorgen Randers and finds its implications on concept and strategy of sustainable development. For this purpose first, this paper reviewed series of Limits to Growth studies in details with focus on scenarios used in simulation of world model. Second, response to the original Limit to Growth was reviewed and to see validity of its scenario based simulations, simulated results of interest variables and actual historical data up to the year 2010 was compared. Third, structure and key arguments in both studies, Limit to Growth studies and Our Common Future was explained and compared. Finally, implications of the Limit to Growth studies on concept and strategy for sustainable development was discussed. Based on the comparison, this paper argued that even if the term sustainable development was not used in the Limit to Growth at all, concept and strategies for sustainable development implied in the Limit to Growth are more clear and specific than those of Our Common Future. Since Limit to Growth studies were simulation based ones that produce detailed behaviors on interest variables, it clarifies more clearly the abstract concept of sustainable development and thus, provides specific guidelines for the direction of sustainable policy which has been suffering long from vagueness of concept of sustainable development.