• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.837-843
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• 1992

The most common deformity of the sternum is the depression deformity, variously calid pectus Excavatum, funnel chest, schwusterbrust, trichterburst, thorax en entonnoir. During the period 1983 to 1991 a total of 15 cases of funnel chest were treated surgically at Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital. The age at the time of operation ranged from 4 to 26 years 73.3 percent of the patients were under 12 years of age They all had symptoms of feeling Inferiority about chest deformity. The concavity on the funnel chest varied in its Extent, and the severity, which was measured by water volume filled into it, varied from 45ml to 100ml. We have Experienced 15 cases of pectus Exc-avatum with several operative method, i.e., Ravitch operation in 2 cases, Taguchi operation in 3 cases[using by Both IMA], Adkins operation in 5 cases, Modified wada operation [sternal costal cartilage Elevation Technique] in 5 cases. After surgery, follow up vertebral Index showed 44%, preoperatively and 29% postoperatively, average decrement of 15%. We Reported 15 cases of funnel chest and the surgical results of thease cases were satisfactory Except one case of Ravitch operation.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2006

환형 분사 초음속 이젝터에서는 초음속의 주유동이 벽면을 타고 분사되므로 주유동 노즐 출구(혼합 챔버 입구)에서 혼합챔버의 수축각에 의한 깔때기(funnel) 모양의 경사충격파가 발생한다. 본 연구에서는 이차원(Wedge) 경사충격파와 원뿔(Cone) 경사충격파를 이용하여 간단한 깔때기 경사충격파 모델링(Modeling)을 수행하였다. 이러한 모델링을 이용하여 기존의 이차원 경사충격파를 이용한 이론해석 보다 부유동 압력을 보다 정확히 예측할 수 있었다. 같은 해석 방법을 이용하여 유량비에 대한 초음속 이젝터의 압축비와 단열 효율을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2023

Permeable reactive barrier (PRB) is a prominent in-situ remedial option for cleanup of contaminated groundwater and has been gaining increasing popularity in recent years. Funnel-and-gate systems, comprised of two side wings of impermeable walls and a central gate wall, are frequently implemented in many sites, but often suffers from bypassing of groundwater due to the progressive clogging of the gate wall over extended period of time. This study investigated technical feasibility of a hybrid funnel-and-gate system designed to address the flow deterioration in the gate wall. The key attribute of the proposed hybrid system is the operation of drainage units at the barrier walls and rear end of the gate wall. A conceptual modeling with MODFLOW indicated the groundwater inside the barrier was maintained at appropriate level to be guided toward the gate wall, yielding constant discharging of groundwater from the gate.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.303-307
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• 1982

Two patients with funnel chest deformity were corrected in the department of Thoracic Surgery, N.M.C. The first case was a 12 months old male suffering from recurrent upper respiratory tract infection and symmetrical funnel chest deformity, of which hollow cavity was measured 40 ml of water. He was corrected by method of sternal turnover. The result was satisfactory. The second case was a 16 years old male suffering from exertional dyspnea, recurrent upper respiratory tract infection, wheezing sound [esp., at night], and asymmetrical funnel chest deformity, of which hollow cavity was measured 80 ml of water. He was corrected by modified Ravitch method. Until postoperative 4 months, result was satisfactory. Thereafter, respiratory wheezing, exertional dyspnea and chest wall deformity were returned to pre-operative status.

• 대한조선학회 특별논문집
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• 대한조선학회 2006년도 특별논문집
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• pp.59-64
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• 2006

Most important factor to consider funnel performance is exhaust gas temperature and exhaust gas concentration Electric equipments on the wheelhouse top affected exhaust gas temperature. So, it is important that electric equipments keep away from high temperature. Though exhaust gas concentration is not a regulation and restraint, the exhaust 9as can cause serious problems for the on-board air quality and result in irreversible damage to the ship and people. So, we pocus on the exhaust gas concentration also. When judge whether a measured concentration is acceptable or not, criteria based on the LTEL (Long Term Exposure Limit). In this paper, we carried out the smoke simulation study. For this analysis, we used FLUENT which is commercial CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) code.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제26권12호
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• pp.969-971
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• 1993

The sternal turnover has a limited use in an asymmetrical funnel chest. However we tried `One-half sternal turnover` as a new operative approach for an asymmetrical funnel chest. Through the bilateral submammary skin incision, median sternotomy was made from xiphoid process to midsternum and extended horizontally. The segment of ribs were cut at the angle of depression. The en-bloc resected chest wall segment contained one-half sternum as well as a part of ribs and left half of rectus muscle. After turning over the en-bloc segment, reapproximation with wiring was done. Sternotomy wound was closed in layer after placing of substernal drainage tube. Postoperatively, the chest wall was stable and the recovery course was uneventful except left-sided minimal pneumothorax which was cured spontaneaously. The patient was discharged on postoperative 14th day.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.105-113
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• 1978

본 실험은 솔잎혹파리의 성충우화수 조사기구를 개발하기 위하여 경기도 안양시 안양리 산 160번지와 수원시 서울대학교 농과대학에서 실시하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 솔잎혹파리의 우화기간은 5월 중순부터 8월중순이었고 우화최성기는 기구별로 차이가 있어 표준형은 5월 29일-6월 2일, Funnel-A형은 6월 3일-7일, Suction형 Trap은 6월 8일-12일간이었다. 2. 우화율은 실내실험구의 Funnel-A형에서 $41.06\%$였다. 3. Suction형 Trap은 밀도가 낮은 우화초기와 말기에 보호효과가 현저히 우수하였다. 4. 기존 표준우화상의 결점을 보완하기 위해 Funnel-A형과 Suction형 trap의 개발이 바람직하다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 1998

대형정치망에 있어서 등망을 중심으로하여 헛통으로부터 제1원통에 이르는 방어어군의 이동행동은 1992년 11월 9일부터 11월 13일까지 일본국 석천현 칠미시 연안에 있는 안단 정치망어장 3호망에서 스케닝 소나를 이용하여 조사하였고, 등망의 어획기능에 관해서 분석, 검토하였다. 이상에 의해 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 방어어군의 출현은 헛통에서는 오전중, 제1원통에서는 오후에 가장 많이 볼 수 있었고, 망내에서의 체류시간은 길었다. 2. 등망을 통과하고 있는 어군의 규모는 헛통 및 제 1원통에 체류하는 어군보다 작았고, 이는 어군의 형상이 변하면서 등망을 통과하였기 때문이라고 생각된다. 3. 등망으로 향한 어군중에서 제 1원통에 입망하는 어군의 비율은 24%이고, 제 1원통에 내등망으로 향한 어군중 헛통으로 도피하는 어군의 비율은 27%였다. 이는 외등망의 구조가 원통으로 유도하는 기능이 충분하지 않다는 것을 의미하고 내등망의 구조는 출망을 저지하는 효과가 충분한 것으로 판단된다. 4. 정치망의 어획효율을 높이기 위해서는 어군의 입출망시각에 맞춘 양망작업이 필요하다. 조사기간중의 원통에 축적된 어군수로부터 그 다음날 아침의 양망은 시장유통과 노동력부족의 문제를 고려하여 적당하다고 생각할 수 있다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.171-177
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• 1999

This study was conducted for the histological observation of the infundibulum of the oviduct of the laying Korean native pheasants. The results are as follows : 1. The infundibular wall is composed of the epithelium, lamina propria, muscle layer(inner circular and outer longitudinal muscle), and serosa. The funnel lip is divided into the inner, and outer lip of the epithelium and muscle layer. 2. The epithelium of the funnel lip and most region of the cranial part of the funnel are composed of ciliated columnar cells. In the surface and lateral part of the folds, ciliated cells and non-ciliated secretory cells tend to alternate in the epithelium of the caudal funnel and the necks, but are also found in groups of the simple cuboidal epithelium at the bases of the grooves between the ridges and tubular glands found in the subepithelium. 3. The secretory material of the non-ciliated secretory cills contains PAS-positive and alcian blue-positive granules, and these materials show purple colour in the basic fuchsin-methylene blue stain. 4. The cells of the glandular groove and tubular gland of the neck portion of the oviduct mostly show weak PAS-positive, and alcian blue stain negative reaction. The tubular gland cells of the infndibulum contain pink of purple colour granules, and without reaction in the anterior neck portion of the infundibulum in basic fuchsin and methylene blue stain.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.360-365
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• 2006

Objective : This is a cadaver study to assess the accuracy of three cervical screw insertion techniques; the blind technique [Group I], the laminotomy technique [Group II], and the funnel technique [Group III]. Methods : Ten human cadavers embalmed with formaldehyde were prepared. After exposing the spinous processes, the laminas and the lateral masses, titanium alloy transpedicular screws were inserted from C3 to C7. A total of 100 pedicles were ramdomly assigned to one of three techniques [the blind technique : 31 screws, the laminotomy technique : 51 screws, the funnel technique: 18 screws]. Axial computed tomography with 1-mm slices, and sagittal and coronal reformation were performed to identify the accuracy of the screw insertion and the anatomic relationships. Results : In Group I, 9 screws [29%] were either contained within or penetrated less than 1mm, which were rated as successful. In Group II, 24 screws [47%] were successful. In Group III, 16 screws [89%] were successful. In the multiple comparison, there was a statistically significant difference between Groups I and III and between Groups II and III [$X^2$ test and Bonfenoni test]. Conclusion : The funnel technique can help a surgeon's understanding about the cervical pedicle more precisely than the other two techniques. The funnel technique is less dependent on lateral soft tissue retraction state.