• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.94-102
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• 2015

고속도로 하이패스 이용률은 59.4%(2013년말 기준)로서 지속적으로 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 본 연구에서는 고속도로 영업소를 이용하는 승용차의 연료소모량을 측정하기 위해서 4개 차종을 대상으로 차대 동력계를 이용한 탄소균형법을 적용하였고, 일반 영업소와 하이패스 영업소의 주행 모드 18개를 설정하여 실험하였다. 그 결과 폐쇄식 구간의 경우 차종에 따라 21.0~56.4ml/veh, 개방식 구간의 경우 10.5~28.1ml/veh의 연료소모 절감효과가 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한, 하이패스 이용률에 따른 연간 연료비용 절감효과는 이용률 70%일 경우 282~573억원, 80%일 경우 322~655억원, 90%일 경우 362~737억원, 100%일 경우 403~819억원으로 산정되었다.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.96-104
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• 2019

The response to climate change of international air transport industry might be initiated by ICAO's CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) which will impact on international airlines' flight operation behavior in the future. Though the airlines' efforts to reduce fuel consumption has been a major issue in economics of aviation industry, the improvement of fuel efficiency in flight operation will have additional impact on their profitability by introducing carbon emission cost. The fuel consumption in flight operation will be somewhat influenced by pilots' technical action for maneuvering aircraft during flight operation. This study will investigate pilots' behavior on decision for tactical aircraft control for mission flight. The data will be collected by the survey through sample pilots asking about their intention and perception on fuel savings during flight operations. The data will be analyzed by AHP process and the study will find out the elements and factors influencing pilots' behavior on technical decision of flight and their weights on fuel saving effects.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제6권10호
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• pp.936-941
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• 2000

Advanced space transportation systems, such as the National Aerospace Plane or an Orbital Transfer Vehicle, have atmospheric maneuvering capabilities. For such vehicles the use of aeroassisted orbital transfer from a high Earth orbit to a low Earth orbit, with unpowered flight in the atmosphere, has the potential for significant fuel savings compared to exoatmospheric Hohmann transfer. However, to exploit the fuel savings that can be achieved by using the Earths atmosphere to reduce the vehicles energy, a guidance law is required, and it must be able to handle large unpredictable fluctuations in atmospheric density, on the order of ${\pm}$50% relative to the 1962 US Standard Atmosphere. In this paper aeroassisted orbital transfer is considered as a differential game, with Nature controlling the atmosphere density to yield a worst case (min-max fuel required) atmosphere, from which the guaranteed playable set boundary are achieved. Inside the playable set, it is guaranteed that the vehicle achieves the optimal atmospheric exit condition for the minimum fuel consumption regardless of the atmospheric density variations.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1991년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.52-55
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• 1991

A fuel cell is a device that directly converts the chemical energy of reatants into low voltage d$.$c electricity. The high temperature fuel cell (MCFC, SOFC)is an excellent electric generator with regard to preservation of the environment and the energy-savings. The purpose of this research is to investigate technical issue and research need for practical use of high temperature fuel cell.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.104-117
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• 1998

Rising concern about climate change has evoked interest in the potential for urban vegetation to help reduce the level of atmospheric CO\sub 2\, a major heat-trapping gas. This study quantified the functio of home energy savings and carbon emission reduction by shading, evapotranspiration and windspeed reduction of urban vegetatioin in Chuncheon. Tree and shrub cover averaged approximately 13% in residential land. The effects of shading, evapotranspiration and windspeed reduction annually saved heating energy by 2.2% and cooling energy by 8.8%. The heating and cooling energy savings reduced carbon emissions by 3.0% annually. These avoided emissions equaled the amount of carbon emitted annually from fossil fuel consumption by a population of about 1,230. Carbon emission reduction per residential building was 55kg for detached buildings and 872 kg for multifamily buildings. Urban vegetation annually decreased heating and cooling energy cost by ￦1.1 billions, which were equivalent to annual savings of ￦10,000 savings and carbon emission reduction due to tree plantings in the wrong locations, while windspeed reduction had a great effect. Plantings fo large trees close to the west and east wall of buildings, full tree plantings on the north, and avoidance of shade-tree plantings or selection of solar-friendlytrees on the south were recommended to improve the function of building energy savings and carbon emission reduction by urban vegetation.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.246-262
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• 2013

With increases in international oil prices, the proportion of fuel cost to the operational costs of a ship is currently increasing. To reduce fuel cost, a method for determining an economical route for a ship based on the acquisition of the sea state and the estimation of fuel consumption is proposed. The proposed method consists of three items. The first item is to acquire the sea state information in real time. The second item is to estimate the fuel consumption of a ship according to the sea state. The last item is to find an economical route for minimal fuel consumption based on the previous two items. To evaluate the applicability of the proposed method, it was applied to routing problems in various ocean areas. The result shows that the proposed method can yield economical ship routes that minimize fuel consumption. The results of this study can contribute to energy savings for environmentally friendly ships.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1996년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.878-882
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• 1996

This paper discusses the definition and concepts, approach methodologies, capable application areas in electricity business, and tentative calculation of avoided generation costs based on the Korea's official long-term generation expansion plan. The objective to evaluate avoided costs of a resource is to supply decision makers with the breakeven cost of a targeting avoided resource. For the evaluation of avoided costs of the Korea's generation system, we consider the pseudo-DSM option which has 1,000MW peak savings, load factor with 70 percent, and life-time With 25 years as the avoided resource. The DSM resource can save the fuel and capacity additions of a electric utility during its life time. The capacity and fuel savings are evaluated from the two different cashflows with and Without the DSM option, which are generated on the basis of the generation system optimization model(WASP-II), independently. The breakeven kWh costs of the DSM option over this 25-year period is projected to be 34.1[won/kWh], which is composed of generation-capacity and fuel avoided costs with 101.139[won/kW] and 17.6[won/kWh], respectively.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.297-308
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• 2017

One of the major engine thermal management system(TMS) strategies for improving fuel economy is to operate the engine in high temperatures. Therefore, this work performed a numerical and experimental study to examine the effect of several different STOs(Starting Temperature of Opening) of wax-thermostat, ranging from $85^{\circ}C$ to $105^{\circ}C$, of gasoline engine on fuel economy and emission characteristics. In this study, a gasoline car equipped with waxthermostat was tested and simulated under FTP-75 and HWFET mode. CRUISE $M^{TM}$ was used to simulate vehicle dynamics, transient engine performance and TMS. The test results showed fuel savings for both drive cycles due to higher STO of $100^{\circ}C$, which is slightly worse than that of $90^{\circ}C$ and amounts between 0.34 and 0.475 %. These controversial results are attributed to experimental errors and uncertainty. The computational results for three STOs, $85^{\circ}C$, $95^{\circ}C$ and $105^{\circ}C$, showed that fuel savings attributed to the application of higher STOs of $95^{\circ}C$ and $105^{\circ}C$ are relatively small and range from 0.306 to 0.363 %. It is also found that the amount of HC and CO emissions from the tailpipe tends to decrease with higher engine coolant temperature because of faster catalyst light-off and improved combustion.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.321-340
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• 2012

정부는 2009년도에 국내에서 판매된 전체 승용자동차의 평균연비가 $12.27km/{\ell}$로 전년($11.47km/{\ell}$) 대비 7.0% 향상되었다고 발표하였다. 이는 2009년의 평균연비 향상률은 평균에너지소비효율기준이 도입된 이후인 2006년~2008년간의 평균연비 향상률인 연평균 2.4%보다 약 3배 가까이 높은 수치이다. 정부는 또한 7%의 연비 향상으로 인해 연간 6만 toe의 에너지 소비절감(금액으로 환산시 335억 원) 및 16만톤의 $CO_2$ 배출량 저감효과가 있다고 주장하였다. 그러나, 이러한 주장은 리바운드 효과(rebound effect)를 간과하는 주장이다. 리바운드 효과에 따르면, 에너지 저감기술 진보는 에너지 사용량을 높여 에너지 절감의 긍정적 효과를 상쇄하는 경향이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 리바운드 효과가 실제로 존재하고 그 크기가 작지 않다면, 연비 향상에 따른 무역수지 개선 또는 환경오염절감의 효과는 실제보다 크지 않을 수 있다. 본 연구는 연비규제시에 발생 가능한 문제점의 존재 여부와 그 크기를 개별(disaggregate) 자료를 사용하여 계량경제학적으로 추정하였다. 분석 결과에 따르면 수송부문에서 리바운드 효과는 존재하고 그 크기가 0.299로 나타났다. 이러한 추정치는 정부에서 만약 이러한 반등 효과를 고려하지 않고 정책목표를 설정할 경우, 에너지 소비, 이산화탄소 배출 및 무역수지 등에서 정부에서 제시한 감축 목표치가 29.9% 미달될 수 있음을 의미한다.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2018

This paper proposes the method to develop the fuel of suljigemi pellet using agricultural by-products the occurred during the manufacturing of alcohol. The goal of the development of suljigemi using biomass is to make the pellet fuel of high calorie. The suljigemi pellet is difficult to recycle waste in the manufacture company of alcohol. suljigemi pellet has the effect of zero emission as the soil conditioner using ash after burning. Also suljigemi pellet has the reduction effect of carriage fee, fuel economy and low-cost high-efficiency effects, environmentally clean fuel as CO2 emissions savings. So the technologies of the suljigemi fuel pellet are developing low carbon, green growth renewable energy fuel through futuristic energy system will be. In experiments, suljigemi pellets confirmed the calories by about 10% higher than wood pellets with the same conditions.