• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.322-329
• /
• 2017

As a result of contemporary environmental concerns, a number of studies from plants' tissues as one of the alternatives to conventional chemicals are increasingly investigated. In tandem with these trends, Lagenaria breviflora (LB) fruit, reputed as antiviral and depilatory agents in the Yoruba folkloric medicine was examined on Vitex doniana wood to ascertain its antifungal activity. Fungicides of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% LB fruits formulations (concentrations) were developed through simple one-step mechanical-forming process, including control. In this study, the yield, the chemical compositions, the absorption capacity of the fungicides and wood weight losses (WWL) analysis were evaluated to investigate the antifungal activity of LB fruit on wood. The fruit extract yielded 35.4% of fresh juice weight. LB fruits contained total: alkaloids ($8.78{\pm}0.21mg/mL$), flavonoids ($2.01{\pm}0.02mg/mL$), phenol ($7.42{\pm}0.09mg/mL$), saponins ($11.00{\pm}0.10mg/mL$) and tannins ($5.47{\pm}0.05mg/mL$) contents. All the formulations provided effective protection against the tested wood fungi compared to control. Interestingly, the antifungal activity of 50% and 25% formulations of 6.8% WWL and 9.9% WWL satisfied the excellent fungal resistance class description against white rot fungus (Ganoderma lucidum) and brown rot fungus (Fibroporia vaillantii), respectively according to ASTM D 2017. These results thus, support LB fruit as a strong potential source of natural antifungals for industrial wood production.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
• /
• 제43권2호
• /
• pp.99-103
• /
• 2001

Daeseongppong, Daebungppong, Daeokppong were bred, and Shingwangppong was selected among the recommended mulberry varieties of the grown silkworm, in order to meet the increasing the interest about the mulberry fruit, The major characteristics of the mulberry fruits were also studies. The chromosome number of Daeseongppong, Daebungppong and Daeokppong are 2n=56 recognized autotetraploid, and that of Shingwangppong is 2n=42 as a triploid. Seed forming rate of Daeseongppong, Daebungppong, and Daeokppong are more than 58%, but that of the Shingwangppong is very low with 6.7%. Concerning the single fruit weight, Daeseongppong is 4.05g, Daeokppong 3.38g, Daebungppong 2.99g which belonged to big fruit group. However Shingwangppong is medium as 2.28g. The sugar contents of Shingwangppong, Daeokppong, Daebungppong, Daeseongppong are 14.8%,13.7%,13.1% and 12.7% respectively. The sugar/acidity rate of them are above 21. The fruit maturity of Shingwangppong is early, those of Daebungppong, Daeokppong are medium and that of Daeseongppong is late. Yielding Potentiality of Daebungppong is high, those of Daeseongppong, Shingwangppong are comparatively high, and that of Daeokppong is moderate. In the case of cold hardiness, those of Shingwangppong, Daeokppong, Daebungppong are comparatively good, that of Daeseongppong is weak slightly.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• 제41권4호
• /
• pp.245-251
• /
• 2022

BACKGROUND: Selection an suitable light source is essential in the year-round production of horticultural crops in closed production systems such as plant factory with controlled environments. This study was investigated to confirm the effects of artificial light sources on growth of cherry tomato'CF Jelly'(Lycopersicon esculentum var.) under high-pressure sodium lamps (HPS), metal-halide lamps (MH), and LEDs. METHODS AND RESULTS: Light intensity of the light sources was controlled at 220±30 µmol/m²/s with 12 hrs of photoperiod for a day. Flower development was significantly faster in HPS and MH treatments compared to the LEDs. There was no significant difference between the leaf number and leaf shape under the HPS and MH treatments. Reproductive growth of cherry tomato was significantly promoted by the LEDs treatment of blue plus red lights. Fruit yield per plant also increased under the LEDs compared to the others. CONCLUSION(S): Growth, flowering, and fruit setting of the cherry tomato were accomplished by the artificial lights under plant factory conditions. The HPS treatment showed negative effect on fruit quality in terms of blossom-end rot incidence compared to the LEDs or MH treatment. Effect of the LEDs on promotion of fruit weight and yield was also proved. Additional research should be carried out for improving sugar metabolism or decreasing disease in the fruits under plant factory system using only artificial lights.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.385-391
• /
• 2013

In this study, the availability of slurry composting and biofiltration (SCB) solution as an alternative for synthetic nutrient solution was determined by monitoring the growth, fruit yield, and fruit quality of cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. 'Unicon'). Treatments for nutrient solution were consist of SCB 1/2N, 1N, 2N, and commercial nutrient solution 1N (CNS 1N) based on nitrogen concentration (218.32 $mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$) of cherry tomato nutrient solution (control 1N). All nutrient solution including SCB solution (440~520 mL per day) was supplied to rock wool medium using a timer. After 31 days of transplanting, fresh and dry weights of shoots, leaf area, plant height, stem diameter, SPAD value and number of node were measured. After measuring growth characteristics of tomato plants, total fruit yield, ratio of marketable fruit yield, fruit weight, total soluble solids content, total acidity, total phenolic concentration, and antioxidant capacity were determined once a week for 7 weeks. As a result, among the SCB treatments, SCB 1/2N was similar to control 1N and CNS 1N in terms of fresh and dry weights of shoots, leaf area, stem diameter, number of node, and SPAD value. Increased N concentration of SCB inhibited the growth of tomato plants. Total fruit yield of SCB 1/2N was 47% of that of control 1N which showed the best result. Percentage of marketable fruit yield in SCB 1/2N was about 58%. Soluble solids contents, total acidity, total phenolic concentration and antioxidant capacity was the highest in SCB 2N and the other treatments were not shown any difference. Blossom-end rot rarely occurred in control 1N and CNS 1N while SCB treatments without Ca induced the physiological disorder of 7~19%. In conclusion, SCB 1/2N was good for the vegetative growth of cherry tomato plants but reduced yield and quality of fruit compared with control 1N and CNS 1N. Thus, it is possible to apply SCB solution to grow cherry tomato plants hydroponically but in the consideration of fruits yield and quality additional supply of several minerals would be required.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• 제103권3호
• /
• pp.353-358
• /
• 2014

In order to obtain the basic data that could be used to evaluate the harvest time of new hardy kiwifruit cultivars (Actinidia arguta 'Saehan', 'Daesung' and 'Chilbo'), the seasonal fruit quality and ripening characteristics of hardy kiwifruit were investigated. Fruit sizes of 'Saehan', 'Daesung' and 'Chilbo' were increased from full bloom to 66 days, 85 days and 78 days, respectively. The growth curve of developing fruit of three cultivars showed double sigmoid. As a result of correlation analysis, the seed number per fruit showed a significant positive correlation with fruit weight (r = 0.94~0.97, p<0.01). Fruit length, width, thickness, weight, soluble solid content and titratable acidity were significantly different among the cultivars. Titratable acidity was increased from full bloom to harvest time and the titratable acidity of 'Saehan', 'Daesung' and 'Chilbo' were 1.77%, 1.22% and 1.37% on havest time, respectively. Optimal harvest time of 'Saehan' was 108 days (23 Sep.) after full bloom, those of 'Daesung' and 'Chilbo' were 92 (9 Sep.) days after full bloom.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.445-451
• /
• 2012

The thinning effects of lime sulfur either alone or combined with fish oil on two apple cultivars 'Fuji'/M.9 and 'Hongro'/M.9 were investigated during two consecutive seasons. Either 1% or 2% lime sulfur at full bloom decreased the amounts of both terminal and axillary fruits compared with unsprayed 'Fuji' control trees in the first year. However, 1% or 2% lime sulfur did not decrease terminal fruit set in the second year. Only, triple applications of 1% lime sulfur significantly reduced the number of terminal and axillary fruits in both years. Multiple application of 1% lime sulfur was the most effective in thinning of 'Hongro'. In the first year, double or triple applications of 1% lime sulfur was effective in thinning terminal or axillary fruit, but one time applications of 1% or 2% lime sulfur was not reduced axillary fruit in 'Hongro' apple trees. In the second season, all treatments reduced terminal or axillary fruit in 'Hongro' clusters, except single application of 1% lime sulfur. Fish oil did not always improve the thinning effects of lime sulfur in 'Fuji' or 'Hongro' apple trees. None of treatments caused significant russeting in the harvested fruits. Most of thinning treatments had little effect on 'Fuji' or 'Hongro' fruit quality in terms of fruit weight, firmness, soluble solids concentration or titratable acidity.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.379-384
• /
• 2012

Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) has long been used for food and medicinal plant in Korea, China and Japan. This study aimed at evaluating productivity, and vitamin-C and charantin contents in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) accessions. The contents of charantin of these two accessions were analyzed using HPLC with the UV-diode array detection. The highest fruit yield was observed in accessions, 'BG1' and 'BG7.' The vitamin-C contents of fruits in these two high-yield bitter gourd accessions, 'BG1' and 'BG7,' depended on days after fruit set and were highest in 24 days and 17 days after fruit set, respectively. The charantin contents of the two accessions were different according to the number of days after fruit set. The charantin content of 'BG1' was highest in fruits harvested at 24 days and followed by 15 days after fruit set. The charantin content of 'BG7' was highest in fruits harvested at 13 days and followed by 16 and 19 days after fruit set. The charantin contents of 13 M. charantia accessions with relatively high yield potential were analyzed and three accessions, 104615, K169995 and NS454, were selected based on their relatively high yield and charantin content. These accessions will be used for breeding program and processed foods.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• 제29권6호
• /
• pp.555-560
• /
• 2011

The objective of this study was carried out to investigate the proper plant growth regulator for increasing the number of flower, fruit set, and to enlarge the size of the berries in Ardisia pusilla. Flower bud formation was used rooted cutting, and fruit set, enlargement, and coloration of fruit were used with two years-old. $GA_3$ concentrations were treated with 0, 100, 200, or $400mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. Flower bud formation was effective in $400mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ $GA_3$ and it was 1.8 times greater than control. Plant growth regulators were applied by foliar spray at full bloom stage to increase the fruit set. As a result, $GA_3$ was the most effective for increasing fruit set. Also, auxins of 4-CPA (Tomatotone, Donbu hitech Co., Korea) and dichloprop triethanol amine (Antifall, Bayer Crop Science Co., Ltd., Korea) were effective. When $GA_3$ concentrations of 0.5 and $1.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ were used, fruit set (%) reached to 70% and 77%, respectively. Effectiveness of $GA_3$ was 1.8 times greater than control. Also, auxins, dichloprop triethanol amine increased to about 7-12% during fruit setting, but cytokinin and anti-gibberellin were ineffective. To investigate the fruit enlargement and coloration, $GA_3$ was treated with 0.3, 0.6, and $1.2mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. Fruit enlargement was achieved to about 15% by $GA_3$ $0.6mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ when $GA_3$ was treated 3 times at the interval of 1 month per treatment when fruit size was about 2-3mm (after full-blooming two months). But anthocyanin contents for coloration of fruit skin were not significant according to $GA_3$ concentration. The results showed that $GA_3$ enhanced bud formation, fruit set and enlargement of fruit size in Ardisia pusilla.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• 제28권6호
• /
• pp.954-958
• /
• 2010

The study was conducted to investigate the relationship between berry set density per bearing shoot and fruit quality in 'Kyoho' grape. Fruit quality was evaluated by soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), skin color, and total anthocyanin content (TAC). There was a sharp increase in SSC of fruit juice from veraison initiation to 30 days after veraison. The SSC level increased with the lower berry set per bearing shoot. The rapid accumulation of SSC 4 weeks after veraison in the cluster of low berry set (10-20) was observed, while that of high berry set (40-50) showed delayed and low SSC accumulation which reached only $15.0^{\circ}Bx$ at harvest. TA of fruit juice in all treatments reduced rapidly from veraison initiation to 30 days after veraison, and then reduced gradually. TA in all treatments except 50 berries set reached to 0.4-0.6% which was optimal TA in 'Kyoho' at fruit harvest. During fruit maturing after veraison, fruit skin color changed from green to purple-black, L and b value decreased, and a value increased. TAC in 10 and 20 berries set was gradually increased to 2 weeks after veraison, sharply increased until 6 weeks after veraison, and then finally decreased, while TAC in content in 30, 40, and 50 berries set per annual shoot remained at low level. The results indicated that the number of berry set for good quality seemed to be 20 per bearing shoot in 'Kyoho' grape.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• 제41권3호
• /
• pp.159-167
• /
• 2014

In eukaryotes, proteins that are secreted into ER are post-translationally modified by N-glycosylation, the patterns of which are significantly different between plant and animal cells. Biotechnology industry has already produced a number of therapeutic glycoproteins in plant cells. However, the aberrant glycosylation of therapeutic recombinant proteins in plant systems can cause immune problems in humans. Therefore, it is important to develop strategies for producing non-glycosylated forms to preserve biological activity and native conformation by a peptide: N-glycanase (PNGase). In this study, we try to isolate PNGase T gene from tomato, which can use as a platform plant for biotechnology industry. We isolated a cDNA (GenBank Accession number KM401550) from tomato leaves with 1,767 bp, which encoded a polypeptide of 588 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 65.8 kDa. We also investigated the expression patterns of PNGase T during fruit ripening of tomato. The transcripts of PNGase T, which were constitutively induced in tomato fruit from green stage, were significantly increased and reached a peak at orange stage. After which, those transcripts were continuously reduced. The expression pattern of PNGase T was coincided well with transcripts profiles of metacaspase gene, LeMCA, and senescence-related gene members of ACC synthase, LeACS2, LeACS4, and LeACS6, for ethylene biosynthesis during fruit ripening. These results suggest that PNGase T is involved in a de-glycosylation process associated with senescence and fruit ripening.