• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.439-444
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• 2000

Forest vegetation in Mt. Jangan County Park, Jeonlabuk-Do, Korea, was investigated by classification and ordination methods. By the cluster analysis (classification) method, nine groups were recognized as follows : Quercus serrata community, Quercus serrata- Carpinus laxiflora community, Cornus controversa community, Fraxinus mandshurica community, Carpinus laxiflora community, Quereus variabilis community, Quercus mongolica - Sasa borealis community. Quercus mongolica - Symplocos chinensis for. pilosa community and Quercus mongolica - Rhododendron schlippenbachii community. These groups showed differences in species composition and environmental characteristics, but Quercus mongolica - Sasa borealis community, Quercus mongolica - Symplocos chinensis for. pilosa community and Quercus mongolica - Rhododendron schlippenbachii community among them showed very similar floristic composition to each other. The interrelationship between the floristic composition of the vegetation and environmental factors was analysed by principal component analysis (PCA). Quercus mongolica community was distributed at a high altitude (900～1200 m above sea level). Fraxinus mandshurica community and Cornus controversa community were differentiated from the other communities with high contents of soil moisture and pH. On the other hand, Carpinus laxiflora community and Quercus variabilis community were distributed at places with adequate levels of soil moisture, soil organic matter. and at low altitude. In this study, the altitude and soil moisture were the main factors determining the forest vegetation. They were strongly correlated with the dominant compositional gradient at the localities examined.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.207-212
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• 2014

With increased interests in environmental issues, people are looking for new materials that serve special and bio-activated functions. One of interesting materials is charcoal which has excellent adsorption ability for harmful volatile organic compounds, fireproof performance, far-infrared ray emission, and electromagnetic shielding. Since non-crack carbonized board was developed from wood-based composite materials, carbonization method might be applied to woodcraft products such as wood cup and bamboo. In this study, manufacture of wood charcoal bowl was conducted with carbonization method developed in 2009 in order to activate wood products market. Ash tree(Fraxinus rhynchophylla) cup was carbonized at $600^{\circ}C$ with two pretreatments which were phenol resin and wood tar solution treatment. After carbonization of ash tree cup, non-crack charcoal cup were successfully manufactured. Phenol resin treatment affected on charcoal cup manufacturing both positively and negatively. For a positive way, it prevented shrinkage. For a negative way, it decreased water repellency. On the contrary, wood tar treatment accelerated shrinkage a bit and increased water repellency. Based on the results, wood tar can be used as pre-treatment solution for reducing post-treatment costs. We confirmed woodcraft products can be carbonized without deformation, so carbonization may provide a high value-added products from wood.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 1972

As part of the study of the structure and the successional trends of our temperate forests, a quantitative survey was made of the relatively well conserved forest stands on Mt. Kwanak, Seoul. Three community types were observed; the Pinus densiflora-Quercus mongolica community, the Pinus densiflora community, and the Quercus mongolica community. Evidence suggests that the dominance of Pinus densiflora and quercus mongolica will continue in the Pinus densiflora-Quercus mongolica community, however, in the Pinus densiflora community the dominant species, Pinus densiflora, is now being replaced by Quercus mongolica. The trend toward an increased in Acer pseudo-sieboldianum var. koreanum, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Carpinus cordita, and Acer mono is observed in the Quercus mongolica community. An analysis of the overall composition of the forest reveals that the upper story is mostly occupied by Quercus mongolica and Pinus densiflora, the shrub layer by Rhododendron schlippenbachii and Lespedeza maximowiczii, and the herb layer by Spodiopogon cotulifer and Artemisia keiskeana. Quercus mongolica may cover most part of the forest, gradually excluding Pinus densiflora. Acer pseudo-sieboldianum var. koreanum, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Carpinus coradata, and Acer mono are increasing in importance with the potentiality of developing into major canopy components. With the diversification of the physical habitat Cephalotaxus koreana and Magnolia sieboldii, the species which had almost completely been eliminated form the forest through the severe interferences, have reappeared.

• 임산에너지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 굴참나무(Quercus variabilis B/sub LUME/), 신갈나무(Quercus mongolica F/sub ISCH/), 물푸레나무(Fraxinus rhynchophylla H/sub ANCE/), 벚나무(Prunus sargentii R/sub EHDER/)재의 목재와 전통식 탄화로에서 생산된 백탄 및 흑탄의 조직구조를 주사전자현미경으로 관찰하여 상호 비교하였다. 목탄의 구성요소는 목재에 비해 치수가 크게 감소되었고, 도관은 접선방향 직경이 감소되어 타원형을 나타냈다. 따라서 목탄의 제조과정 중 탄재량에 비해 목탄의 수율이 크게 감소하는 것은 목재성분의 일부 손실뿐만 아니라 구성세포 치수가 감소하기 때문으로 생각되었다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.125-132
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• 1997

A study of forest vegetation in Mt. $T\v{o}kyu$ National Park was investigated by ordination technique. By TWINSPAN(Two-Way Indicator Species Analysis) method, 10 groups were recognized as follows: pinus densiflora, Quercus variabilis, Quercus serrata, Quercus mongolica-Rhododendron schlippenbachii, Quercus mongolica-Abies koreana, Quercus mongolica-Acer pseudo-sieboldi-amum, Quercus mongolica-Symplocos chinensis for. pilosa, Carpinus laxiflora, Fraxinus mandshurica and Taxus cuspidata groups. The floristic composition of these groups showed high correlation to soil moisture(r=0.831), altitude(r=0.784), topography(r=-0.722), organic matter(r=0.642), and pH(r=-0.509) among various environmental factors. According to the results of CCA(Canonical Correspondence Analysis) Pinus densiflora group and Quercus variabilis group were situated in a xeric area at a lower altitude where soil nutrients were poor compared with the other groups. Fraxinus mandshurica group was distributed throughout the valley with high soil moisture and good nutrients, Quercus serrata group and Carpinus laxiflora group were found in the low altitude region with good nutrients, Quercus mongolica group, at the high altitude region with good nutrients, and Quercus mongolica-Acer koreana and Taxus cuspidata at higher altitudes(1, 400-1600 m).

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2011

Based upon the vegetation data of woody plants by plot sampling method in the natural deciduous forest of Mt. Jeombong, the study was carried out to examine importance value, rank abundance curve, and species abundance curve, and comparatively evaluate seven different species diversity indices for Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index, McIntosh index, Log series, Margalef index, Berger-Parker index, and species richness, according to topographic positions. The minimal area which meant only few more species were increased was 3.48 ha in total. The dominant species of valley were Carpinus cordata, Acer pseudo-sieboldianum, Quercus mongolica, Acer mono, and Abies holophylla, and the dominant species of mid-slope were Quercus mongolica, Acer pseudo-sieboldianum, Carpinus cordata, Tilia amurensis, and Fraxinus rhynchophylla. Moreover, the dominant species of ridge were Quercus mongolica, Acer pseudo-sieboldianum, Tilia amurensis, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, and Acer mono. According to rank abundance curve and species abundance curve, species evenness was also low. All of Log series, species richness, Margalef, and Shannon-Wiener index discriminated that valley had the highest diversity, and ridge had the lowest diversity; but, Simpson index, McIntosh index, and Berger-Parker index represented that mid-slope had the highest diversity, and ridge had the lowest diversity. Uniquely, in Berger-Parker index, mid-slope was the higher value than total.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2019

The composition of artificial soil in a containerized seedling production plays an important role in seedling quality as well as environmental issues. We investigated the effects of different types of biomaterials and mixed ratio with artificial soil on the growth of Fraxinus rhynchophylla seedlings. Soil medium was supplemented with 3 levels (0%, 10%, 20%) of pine bark, mushroom sawdust and rice husk. Root collar diameter (RCD), height growth, and biomass have significantly increased when rice husk was applied. Compared with the control, RCD and height growth showed highest in 20% rice husk treatment with an increase of 5.7% and 17.6%, respectively. In contrast, the treatments of pine bark and mushroom sawdust showed lower results in growth parameters (RCD, height growth, and total biomass) than control. Seedling quality index was also highest at the 20% rice husk treatment, but there was not statistically different among treatments. Our results suggested rice husk can be substituted up to 20% of substrates for containerized F. rhynchophylla seedling production system.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제105권4호
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• pp.391-400
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• 2016

연구는 경북대학교 청송학술림이 속한 면봉산 일대 임분구조의 특성을 분석하여 학술림의 효과적인 산림 경영 및 보전을 위한 생태적 데이터베이스를 마련하기 위하여 실시하였다. 클러스터분석 결과 총 6개의 군집으로 분류되었다(신갈나무-소나무 군집, 소나무 군집, 까치박달 군집, 물푸레나무-고로쇠나무-당단풍나무 군집, 신갈나무-굴참나무 군집, 신갈나무 군집). 중요치 분석결과 소나무군락은 능선부에, 신갈나무군락은 사면부, 물푸레나무, 당단풍나무, 고로쇠나무, 까치박달 등은 계곡부에 주로 우점하고 있다. 종풍부도 분석결과 까치박달 군집, 물푸레나무-고로쇠나무-당단풍나무 군집, 북사면, 계곡부가 높은 수치를 기록하였으며, 해발고도가 높을수록, 경사가 급할수록 종풍부도가 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. NMS분석 결과, 상층과 중층, 관목층과 초본층 모두 종풍부도의 영향을 받은 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.213-217
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• 2000

중금속 오염토양에 대한 식물복원법(phytoremediation)중 phytoextraction을 적합한 식물종의 탐색을 위하여 비식용식물인 섬유류 3종, 화훼류 3종 및 수목류 5종을 대상으로 Cd과 Pb을 각각 15, $100\;mg\;kg^{-1}$ 으로 조절하여 처리한 토양에서 pot 재배한 후 식물중에 흡수된 함량 및 그 흡수량을 조사하였다. 식물의 건물생산량은 양황철, 물푸레나무, 사철나무 등 수목류가 섬유류 및 화훼류보다 높게 나타났다. 식물의 부위별 Cd 및 Pb함량은 줄기와 잎보다 뿌리에서 높았고, 식물별 Cd 함량은 채송화, 메리골드, 목화, 아마 순으로 높았으며 Pb 함량은 대마 및 아마에서 높게 나타났다. 식물의 Cd 및 Pb 총 흡수량은 양황철, 사철나무, 물푸레나무, 영산홍 순으로 높게 나타났다. 식물의 Cd 및 Pb 총 흡수량은 시험후 토양에 잔류한 Cd, Pb 함량과 고도의 부의 상관을 보였다. 식물의 건물생산량 및 흡수량을 볼 때 양황철, 사철나무, 물푸레나무 및 영산홍 등이 토양정화식물로의 가치가 있다고 생각된다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.117-123
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• 2015

Necrotic enteritis (NE) caused by Clostridium (C.) perfringens commonly occurs in domestic broiler farms since antibiotic supplementation in poultry feed has been banned. We evaluated the antibacterial activities of medicinal plant extracts against C. perfringens isolates to select alternative compounds for preventing NE. We compared antibacterial activities using two methods and evaluated susceptibilities of the isolates based on minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Two (Fraxinus rhynchophylla Hance [FRH] and Geranium koreanum Kom. [GKK]) of the 30 plant extracts had potent antibacterial activities against C. perfringens ATCC 13124 in two assays. The MIC values for FRH and GKK against 20 C. perfringens isolates were $128{\sim}256{\mu}g/mL$ and $32{\sim}128{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The geometric MIC mean values for the two extracts were $147.2{\mu}g/mL$ and $68.8{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The MBCs for the two extracts against the same strains were $1,024{\sim}2,048{\mu}g/mL$ and $256{\sim}1,024{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The geometric mean MIC and MBC for GKK were about two-fold lower than those of FRH. The modified spot-on-lawn assay may be useful for measuring primary antibacterial potential. FRH and GKK are expected to be used as feed additives to prevent or treat NE in veterinary practice.