• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.175-198
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• 2016

This study intends to implement a OPAC prototype for digital kids. To the end, this study applies prototyping techniques that design, evaluate and improve an early sample model. Included in this study are as follows: (1) design a conceptual model of new OPACs based on the information need analysis of digital kids, (2) implement a OPAC prototype with WordPress 4.2 version, (3) evaluate the prototype OPAC from the viewpoint of digital kids and children librarians, and finally, (4) suggest the improved model and implementational strategies for kid's OPAC. 6 fourth and fifth graders in the elementary school and 5 children librarians in public libraries participate in the final evaluation process.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.713-735
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the characteristics of maternal social networks on maternal expectation for their own children to examine the path that social networks had an effect on the self-esteem and the emotional intelligence of children through maternal expectation for their own children. The data used in this study were collected from 524 fourth to sixth graders and their mothers residing in Daejeon using structured questionnaire. The major findings of the study were as follows : (1) Among social network characteristics, proportion of friends and neighbors, proximity, direction and interference had a negative effect, and proportion of mothers of child's friends, frequency of contact, intimacy, emotional support, service support had a positive effect on maternal expectation for their own children. (2) Among social network characteristics, proportion of mothers of child's friends had a direct effect and proportion of friends, neighbors, and mothers of child's friends, proximity, frequency of contact, intimacy, direction, emotional support, service support, and interference had an indirect effect on children's emotional intelligence through maternal expectation for their own children. (3) Among social network characteristics, proportion of kin and mothers of child's friends, intimacy, service support, material support and interference had a direct effect, and proportion of neighbors and mothers of child's friends, proximity, frequency of contact, direction, service support had an indirect effect on children's emotional intelligence through maternal expectation for their own children.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.11-18
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• 2019

Software education is required from elementary schools to prepare students for the fourth industrial revolution, which aims to improve algorithmic thinking. In general, teaching is divided into two stages: using a flowchart to design algorithms and implementing them through programming. However, converting a flowchart into code and checking the results in an educational programming tool is time consuming and requires additional programming activities. This study proposes a tangible coding tool that enables elementary students to convert algorithms designed at the unplugged activity into educational programming tool codes. This tool was developed in order for students to design algorithms at the level of assembling paper blocks and input them into a programming tool by taking a picture. Sixth graders were participated in this activity to evaluate its usability.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.186-198
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• 2000

With the improvement of the nutritive conditions and the influence of overflowing informations and various cultural aspects imported from foreign countries, children develop more rapidly in the bodily and sexual growth. This study was conducted to suggest some ideas useful in planning sexual education program in elementary schools and ultimate aim is to promote sexual health. The subject of this survey consisted of 802 fourth, fifth, sixth graders from 6 schools in Seoul, Hongchon and Chunchon. Major findings are summarized as follows. 1. The degree of sexual knowledge of children showed low averaged 26.96 and the degree of sexual attitude showed usual averaged 55.70. 2. With the respect to the demographic characteristics, there were stastically significant differences in sexual knowledge, according to children's grade(F=64.031, p=. 000), father's education(t=-2.504, p=.013), experience of menarche(t=3.470, p=.001), experience of sex-related question to their parents(t=-.6054, p=.000), experience of sex-related question to the teachers (t= -3.385, p=.001), experience of sexual education(t=8.607, p=.000) and in sexual attitude, there were stastically significant differences according to children's grade (F=6.588, p=.001), experience of sex- related question to their parents(t=-5.387, p=.000), experience of sex-related question to the teachers(t=-2.845, p=.005), experience of sexual education(t=5.070, p=.000). 3. The level of sexual knowledge and sexual attitude of childrens'was correlated at significant level(r=.354, p=.000) The findings of this study indicated that variety of the systematic sexual education program suitable for the stage of children should be developed and family, society, contry's higher concern and enlightment are required.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.111-122
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to examine high school second graders' understanding of the basic nature of logarithm, the major type of error they made about logarithmic function and the cause of such an error, and to seek ways to instruct it better. For that purpose, three research questions were posed: 1. Investigate how much high school students in their second year comprehend the nature of logarithm. 2. Analyze what type of error they make about logarithmic function. 3. Analyze the cause of their error according to the selected error models and how it could be taught more efficiently. The findings of this study were as below: First, the natural science students had a better understanding of the basic nature of logarithm than the academic students. What produced the widest gap between the two groups' understanding was applying the nature of logarithm to the given problems, and what caused the smallest gap was the definition of logarithm and the condition of base. Second, the academic students had a poorer understanding of the basic nature of logarithmic function graph and of applying the nature of logarithm to the given problems. Third, the natural science students didn't comprehend well the basic nature of logarithmic function graph, the nature of characteristics and mantissa. Fourth, for all the students from academic and natural science courses, the most common errors were caused by the poor understanding of theorem or nature of the ［E4] model. Fifth, the academic students made more frequent errors due to the unfamiliar signs of the ［El］ model, the imperfect understanding of theorem or nature of the ［E4］ model, and the technical part of the ［E6］ model. Sixth, the natural science students made more frequent errors because of the improper problem interpretation of the ［E2］ model and the logically improper inference of the ［E3］ model.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.565-580
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• 2015

We investigated gifted students' scientific integrity, perception of scientific misconduct and needs for research ethics education. For this study, 267 science academy students who have participated in R&E program responded to questionnaire of those three parts. The major findings are as follows: First, 45.31% of gifted students answered that they had one or more experiences in five categories; fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, unfair authorship, and connivance of scientific misconduct. Second, almost 90% of gifted students responded that statements of questions are scientific misconduct except the self plagiarism. Third, 28.83% of gifted students needed to study research ethics and all of them were 1st graders. Fourth, they wanted to know specifically the limit of apt citation, writing skills of research notes, specific examples of scientific misconduct, and concrete acting method for scientific integrity, etc. In order to get gifted students to conduct their research responsibly, educators have to consider and reflect the voice of gifted students.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.1-17
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to establish objectives for ninth grade studies of heredity and evolution in middle school in an attempt to foster students' consciousness of bioethics, and it's additionally intended to develop and apply lesson plans handling different points at issue and to determine the effects of the lesson plans on the bioethics of middle school students. The subjects in this study were 152 ninth graders in a middle school, whose science scores were similar. An experimental group and a control group were made up of 76 students respectively, and a pretest was conducted with test paper developed by this researcher to assess their awareness of bioethics. The experimental group took lessons by using the teaching plans prepared in this study, and the control group received typical education according to the curriculum. And then a posttest was implemented with test paper developed in this study to compare the two groups. In addition their science grades were compared as well. The findings of the study were as follows: First, seven learning objectives were selected from three units related to bioethics in the third-year 8th category of heredity and evolution of middle school. Second, in order to attain the selected learning objectives, four session lesson plans were prepared. Third, the experimental group that studied using by the lesson plans made better progress in bioethics awareness and the gap between the two was statistically significant(t=6.61, p<.001). The former were ahead of the latter in consciousness about species equity(t=7.71, p<.001), the dignity of life (t=3.78, p<.001), human rights(t=2.99, p<.01) and equity among generations(t=2.66, p<.01), but not in awareness of the diversity of species. Fourth, there was no significant gap in science scores between the students studied according to the curriculum and those who received instructions by using the lesson plans developed in the study.

• School Mathematics
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.581-598
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• 2011

Given the growing agreement that algebra should be taught in the early stage of the curriculum, considerable studies have been conducted with regard to early algebra in the elementary school. However, there has been lack of research on how to organize mathematic lessons to develop of algebraic reasoning ability of the elementary school students. This research attempted to gain specific and practical information on effective algebraic teaching and learning in the elementary school. An exploratory qualitative case study was conducted to the fourth graders. This paper focused on the associative law of the multiplication. This paper showed what kinds of activities a teacher may organize following three steps: (a) focus on the properties of numbers and operations in specific situations, (b) discovery of the properties of numbers and operations with many examples, and (c) generalization of the properties of numbers and operations in arbitrary situations. Given the steps, this paper included an analysis on how the students developed their algebraic reasoning. This study provides implications on the important factors that lead to the development of algebraic reasoning ability for elementary students.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.79-89
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• 2013

Over the past 10 years, STEAM education uprises to address student's low interest in and self-concept in comparison with their academic achievement in science, reacquaintance to enter schools of natural sciences or engineering. However, There is a paucity of empirical evidence revealing values and necessities of STEAM education in school. The purpose of this investigation is to develop steam education program making and using hands on sensor to experience new technology in school, to apply the program to 110 fourth graders, and to study the effect of the program. Pre- and post-test was used to measure level of student's scientific interest and attitude, scientific problem solving ability, scientific creative problem solving ability, personality test for children, satisfaction of school life. In conclusion, the result show that STEAM education improve every domain of the measurements.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.321-333
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine elementary school students' characteristics and difficulties in drawing and interpreting a line graph, and to present educational implications. Twenty five students(4th grader: 6, 5th grader: 9, and 6th grader: 10) at an elementary school participated in this study. We used a student's task which was about graphing on a given data table and interpreting his/her graph. The data table was on heating 200mL and 500mL of water and measuring their temperature at regular time intervals. We collected multiple source of data, and data analyzed based on the sub-variables of TOGS. The some results of this study are as follows: First, five children (20.0%), especially two of 10 sixth graders (20.0%), could not construct a line graph about a given data table. Second, twenty students (80.0%) had the ability on 'Scaling axes' and on 'Assigning variables to the axes', however, only a student understood why the time is on the longitudinal axis and the temperature is on the vertical axis. Third, in the case of 'Plotting points', twelve children (48.0%) could drew two graphs on a coordinate. Fourth, in the case of 'Selecting the corresponding value for Y (or X)', twenty student had little difficulty. on 'Describing the relationship between variables', seventeen students (68.0%) understood the relationship between time and temperature of water, and the relationship between temperature and amount of water. Finally, eleven students (44%) had the ability on 'Interrelating and extrapolation graphs.' Educational implications are also presented in this paper.