• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.237-244
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• 1998

To investigate the fidelity of transgene transmission and expression, we produced transgenic mice carrying bovine $\beta$-casein/bovine grwoth hormone(bGH) fusion gene and examined transmission efficiency and expression level of the transgene in the founders and their progeny. The transgene was composed of 1.8 kb bovine $\beta$-casein promoter and 2.1 kb bGH gene. Ten transgenic mice were produced. Milk and mammary gland were collected from eight transgenic lines at 10-day lactation and a, pp.ied to Western and Northern blot analyses. The bGH expression was detected in four of them. The concentrations of bGH in milk were highly variable from 4$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml to 600$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml depending on the lines. The bGH mRNA level in mammary gland was closely correlated with the bGH concentration in milk in each transgenic line. These results indicated that bGH transgene expression was a, pp.opriately regulated in the mammary gland and secreted into milk in transgenic mice. By using two transgenic lines(#2, #7) secreting a considerable amoung of bGH into their milk, the inferitance and maintenance of transgenic phenotype were assessed in successive four generations. The mean transmission frequencies of transgene in lines #2 and #7 were 34% and 40%, respectively. The bGH concentration in milk were 80, 240, 120, 60$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml in each G0(generation 0), G2, G3, G4 generation of line #2 and 600, 1600, 860, 900$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml in each G1. G2, G3, G4 generation of line #7. These results demonstrated that bovine $\beta$-casein/bGH gene was stably transmitted from generation to generation in a Menelian fashion in trasgenic mice and consistenly expressed in their milk throughout the generations, although there was a little variation in the transmission frequency and expression level of the transgene between generations.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.532-543
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• 2009

The foodservice franchise is preferred by the founders who inaugurate a business enterprise, because it is not difficult to convert into money more than other private enterprise. The success or failure of the foodservice franchise depends 80 percent on its location. Therefore, this research aimed to study the location factors of the first shops of foodservice franchise in Seoul through the analyses of nearest neighborhood effect and statistical relationship between variables. According to there results, the location characteristics of the first shops of foodservice franchise are summarized as in the following three items. First, the spatial distribution pattern of the first shops is a clustered type. Second, the first shops relate to the 15 variables which are the number of financial facilities, the number of business service offices, and the number of hotels and restaurants, etc. Third, the main location factor of the first shops is the number of financial facilities. In conclusion, it is estimated that Gangnam-gu and Jung-gu might be good for the location of the first shops of foodservice franchise in Seoul, because these two places have many financial buildings.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.103-114
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• 2012

The study is analyzed that policy support impact on youth entrepreneurship and to purpose enhancing the effectiveness of the policy support, would like to empirical study on support performance by start-up support program through education level of the founder, performance of the establishment enterprises and an empirical study of start-up support. This study reported that start-up support should be different from impact of performance of support by young founder to participate in the success of entrepreneurship incubator package or preliminary young founders and is focused on study of policy support. Examines the literature of associated young founder's characteristics and entrepreneurship support policies at domestic and foreign, and the government's support policies in order to achieve the purpose of this study, survey research as the basis of the model was set. This study surveyed to university student which were trained nationwide entrepreneurship program in order to validate the research model. The survey targeted engineering students who is practical technology foundation possible during from June 1, 2012 to June. 15, 2012, the way of data collection was directly surveryed to engineering students who participated in the entrepreneurship program. and an empirical analysis were collected each 157 call.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.615-635
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• 2018

The Korean government has selected job creation policy as first goal in order to overcome the recession and response of 4th industrial revolution. Technology based start up is worth noting in order to job creation. Because the ripple effect of technology based start up is higher than self-employment. Therefore, the government and the private sector conduct various policies and services for the vitalization of technology based start up. In order for technology based start up to be successful, it is necessary to maximize personal (founder) capacity. In this study, the correlation between "features of personal (motivation, capability, experience, entrepreneurship)", "competitiveness of company" and "corporate performance" was analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). Also, in this study analyzed the differences between 2 groups based on the career of CEO (work for government funded research institutes VS the others). This study can be utilized when policy making and practice about technology based start-up.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2011

The challenge shop is a means of countermeasure for empty store at downtown in Japan and takes effect all part of the city from 2000. Local self-government, chamber of commerce and industry or other organizations introduce the challenge shop with the object of a nurture talent. Raises the talented man can be the commencement of an enterprise to empty store from the area. It will reduce the empty store. But it is hard to accomplish purpose of business only by the founder of recruitment in manage challenge shop. Even though the challenge shop is not making more active only one time that is contributing to business district. This study focuses on the key success factor based on the way of managing challenge shops in Japan and draws the conclusion from the domestic challenge shop of Anyang Central market and Daejeon underground Central market that one market-on-one university exclusive charge system produces founders of new business.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.135-148
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• 2020

Even after successful technology development, there are many cases where commercialization fails due to difficulties in financing in the early stages of commercialization. The purpose of this study is to give practical implications to technology-based founders. At the beginning of commercialization, 7 companies that succeeded in procuring different types of external funds were selected to conduct case analysis. The results are as follow. First, it was confirmed that the excellence of technology is the most important. Second, it was confirmed that they were majors in the relevant technology field or have worked in related fields, and concluded that greater synergy effect can be created by adding the founder's business will and active attitude. Third, even if the company's internal capabilities were insufficient, it was possible to succeed in financing by identifying and utilizing external financial information. Fourth, it is necessary to utilize a linked financial system that receives both loans and investments. Fifth, systematic IR (Investor Relation) should be continued.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.12 no.3_4
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• pp.415-426
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• 2013

Condition assessment and monitoring of bridges is critical for safe passenger travel, public transportation, and efficient freight. In monitoring, displacement measurement capability is important to keep track of performance of bridge, in part or as whole. One of the most important parts of a bridge is the expansion joint, which accommodates continuous cyclic thermal expansion of the whole bridge. Though expansion joint is critical for bridge performance, its inspection and monitoring has not been considered significantly because the monitoring requires long-term data using cost intensive equipment. Recently, a wireless smart sensor network (WSSN) has drawn significant attention for transportation infrastructure monitoring because of its merits in low cost, easy installation, and versatile on-board computation capability. In this paper, a rapid wireless displacement monitoring system, wireless hybrid sensor (WHS), has been developed to monitor displacement of expansion joints of bridges. The WHS has been calibrated for both static and dynamic displacement measurement in laboratory environment, and deployed on an in-service highway bridge to demonstrate rapid expansion joint monitoring. The test-bed is a continuous steel girder bridge, the Founders Bridge, in East Hartford, Connecticut. Using the WHS system, the static and dynamic displacement of the expansion joint has been measured. The short-term displacement trend in terms of temperature is calculated. With the WHS system, approximately 6% of the time has been spent for installation, and 94% of time for the measurement showing strong potential of the developed system for rapid displacement monitoring.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.95-102
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to analyze characteristics of residential architecture designed by Gwathmey Siegel in terms of their way of composing spaces and forms. Charles Gwathmey, one of the founders of Gwathmey Siegel, is a worldly famous architect who actively developed Neo-Modernistic architecture in his career. For this study, 15 major houses designed by Gwathmey Siegel were selected and analyzed in terms of their approaches on how to compose various spaces and forms, and how these approaches evolved as time passed. The analysis was mainly based on the drawings and photos of the houses published. The main characteristics found in this study can be summarized as follows: elevated LDK level, split-level composition, use of framing structure, layered space, and linear galleries as a spine of circulation with collaged volumes attached. It turned out these characteristics appeared, faded away, or evolved affecting each other. In early days, Gwathmey often elevated LDK level from ground level for providing privacy, views, and also for separating private rooms. Soon they composed spaces by splitting levels. It not only helped provide privacy where needed effectively, but made space composition more interesting. As sizes of the houses they designed grew, Gwathmey came up with the framing idea for expressing his original architectural language in larger scale. With the split-level composition, the framing method represented Gwathmey's in 70's. This framing introduced layers of interior spaces, and the layers started to break down the monumental framing into individual volumes by bringing in linear spine of circulation. These characteristics helped Gwathmey Siegel develop their own architectural language.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

More than a century ago, the first scientific report was published about fracture fixation with plates. During the 1950's, open reduction and plate fixation for fractures were standardized by the founders of Arbeitsgemeinschaft $f{\ddot{u}}r$ osteosynthesefragen/Association for the Study of Internal Fixation. Since the introduction of plate fixation for fractures, several plates and screws have been developed, all with their own characteristics. To accomplice more fracture stability, it was thought the bigger the plate, the better. The counter side was a compromised blood supply of the bone, often resulting in bone necrosis and ultimately delayed or non-union. With the search and development of new materials and techniques for fracture fixation, less invasive procedures have become increasingly popular. This resulted in the minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) technique for fracture fixation. With the MIPO technique, procedures could be performed with smaller incisions and thus with less soft tissue damage and a better preserved blood supply. The last 5 years rib fixation has become increasingly popular, rising evidence has becomeavailable suggesting that surgical rib fixation improves outcome of patients with a flail chest or isolated rib fractures. Many surgical approaches for rib fixation have been described in the old literature, however, most of these techniques are obscure nowadays. Currently mostly large incisions with considerable surgical insult are used to stabilize rib fractures. We think that MIPO deserves a place in the surgical treatment of rib fractures. We present the aspects of diagnosis, preoperative planning and operative techniques in regard to MIPO rib fixation.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.50-56
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• 2017

Due to new social environment, expenditure on eating out has increased over the last few year, thereafter the food-tech industries have steadily grown as well. We have studied what variable would affect customer's choices when they plan to eat out or order in. There are two variables are taken into account to prove it. Firstly, it is climate changes, such as an amount of rainfall, snowfall and clouds. Secondly, it is days, such as seasons and holidays. Based on this, we looked up the SikSin user's behaviors patterns, then did analysis of the daily data provided by the Meteorological office. By the end of the study, it turned out that two variables, climate changes and days, both have a strong influence on customer's choices. It is considered that this research outcome will make contributions to small businesses founders who want to take the initiative, marketing managers and people who are engaged in the food-tech industry.