• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.28-33
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• 2009

Yoke is a part of rotor in unmanned helicopter. It was transferred power of engine to the rotor. It has been usually produced by machining and used wastefully material. And it has been considered to improve its proof stress against repeated loading of the products. Therefore we studied Forging process for satisfaction of these ability and process design for yoke forming has been studied by using FE analysis. Die design and forming analysis have been performed according to the conditions such as billet volume, flash control, cavity filling, and the distribution of damage in the products. In the comparison between die forging processes, side punch effects has been investigated by considering billet dimensions.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.90-96
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• 2013

During the cold forming, due to high working pressure acting on the die surface, failure mechanics must be considered before die design. One of the main reasons of die failure in industrial application of metal forming technologies is wear. Die wear affects the tolerances of formed parts, metal flow and costs of process etc. The only way to control these failures is to develop methods which allow prediction of die wear and which are suited to be used in the design state in order to optimize the process. In this paper, the wear experiments to obtain the wear coefficients and the upsetting processes was accomplished to observe the wear phenomenon during the cold forming process. The analysis of upsetting processes was accomplished by the rigid-plastic finite element method. The result from the deformation analysis was used to analyse the die wear during the processes and the predicted die wear profiles were compared with the measured die wear profiles.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.440-446
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• 2006

This study relates to the effect of forming time of injection path on the total process. The whole process can be divided into build process of forming path of injection and after treatment process. The total time required for the whole process could be reduced by reducing the forming time of injection path using SLC file to correct the problems of STL file that is the basic file format for high speed molding devices. First of all, I verify the forming time of injection path according to the conditions of STL file during the formation of injection path. And I verify problems using STL file during formation of injection path. And then I tried to solve problems of STL file by comparing between the formation time of injection path and the existing method using SLC files.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.299-305
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• 2010

가변성형 공정에서 동일한 크기의 성형펀치 배열로 구성된 가변금형을 이용하는 경우 펀치의 크기가 일정하여 성형 가능한 곡률 반경이 제한되기 때문에 비교적 유연성이 낮다. 이에 본 연구에서는 가변금형의 유연성을 높이기 위하여 분할가변금형에 대한 개념을 제안하였다. 임의의 성형면을 형성하기 위하여 두 가지 크기의 펀치로 구성된 펀치 블록을 착안하였다. 상대적으로 큰 곡률 반경을 갖는 성형영역에 대해서는 크기가 큰 펀치 블록을 적용하였으며, 작은 곡률 반경을 갖는 성형영역에 대해서는 작은 크기의 펀치로 구성된 펀치 블록을 적용하였다. 해석적 연구를 토대로 성형된 제품의 단면 형상을 비교하였으며 이로부터 서로 다른 크기의 펀치 블록을 조합하여 구성한 분할가변금형을 이용한 판재의 성형공정이 비교적 복잡한 곡률 반경 분포를 갖는 곡면 가공에 적합함을 확인하였다.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.316-323
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• 2011

The hot curvature-forming of large aluminum thick plate using a grid-typed hybrid die is a process for the production of a spherical LNG tank. Many variables such as the initial die surface quality, grid size, grid thickness, size of blank plate and cooling line design, control the success of the process. In addition, the plate used in this process is generally larger than $10{\times}10m$ in size. Thus, it is very difficult to predict the surface characteristics of the plate during forming and to measure the different parameters due to the high cost of the experiments. In order to optimize the process design for the grid-type die, the development of an analytical method to predict the surface characteristics of the final product in hot curvature-forming is needed. This paper described the development of the method and procedures for FE simulations of the hot curvature-forming process, including hot forming, air flow, cooling, and thermal deformation analyses. An experiment for a small scale model of the process was conducted to check the validity of the numerical method. The results showed that the curvature of the plate in the analysis agrees well with that of the experiment within 0.037 and 0.016% tolerance margins for its side and corner, respectively.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.3667-3671
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• 2015

PCB(Printed circuit board) 장착을 주목적으로 하는 포밍공정에서 주름을 발생시키지 않으면서, 실험을 통하여 재료의 두께 변화를 고찰하였다. 실험결과 제 1공정의 포밍 높이는 제 2공정에서의 재료두께 변화에 크게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 제 1공정에서 다이의 입구 모서리는 제품높이 50%정도의 라운드를 가져야 하며, 포밍의 높이는 원래의 제품보다 재료의 두께만큼 높게 하여야 한다. 또한 제 1공정에서 포밍형상을 구현하면 재료의 두께가 85%로 얇아지고 제 2공정에서 리스트라이킹시 재료의 두께가 80%로 얇아진다. 그러므로 정확한 형상을 구현하기 위해서는 재료가 얇아지는 것을 고려하여 다이는 원제품의 형상을 유지하고 펀치는 원제품의 깊이에 재료 두께의 20%이상 더한 값만큼 길이를 길게 하여야 압축의 효과를 얻을 수 있다.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.282-284
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• 2007

The hardening and the constitutive equation based on the crystal plasticity are introduced for the numerical simulation of hemispherical sheet metal forming. For calculating the deformation and the stress of the crystal, Taylor's model of the crystalline aggregate is employed. The hardening is evaluated by using the Taylor factor, the critical resolved shear stress of the slip system, and the sum of the crystallographic shears. During the hemispherical forming process, the texture of the sheet metal is evolved by the plastic deformation of the crystal. By observing the texture evolution of the BCC sheet, the texture evolution of the sheet is traced during the forming process. Deformation texture of the BCC sheet is represented by using the pole figure. The comparison of the strain distribution and punch force in the hemispherical forming process between crystal plasticity and experiment shows the verification of the crystal-based formulation and the accuracy of the hardening and constitutive equation obtained from the crystal plasticity.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.103-109
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• 2014

Flexibly-reconfigurable roll forming (FRRF), which is a sheet forming process for multi-curved sheet metal, may solve both the economic and technical problems incurred in using a conventional die forming process. In the FRRF process, the multi-curved sheet metal is formed by different strain distributions on the sheet metal, and the reconfigurable rollers are used as tools during the forming. Therefore, a thorough investigation focused on the reconfigurable rollers is required for the realization of the FRRF process prior to the fabrication of FRRF machine. In the current study, a series of finite element simulations were conducted to study the load distributions experienced by the reconfigurable roller. In order to verify the shape design variables, the effect of the metal thickness on the curvatures of sheet is also presented.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.221-232
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• 2017

In this study, bipolar plates in fuel cells are formed using rubber forming process. The effects of important parameters in rubber forming such as hardness and thickness of rubber pad, speed and pressure of punch that compress blank, and physical property of materials on the channel depth were analyzed. In the soft material sheet Al1050, deeper channels are formed than in materials STS304 and Ti-G5. Formed channel depth was increased when hardness of rubber pad was lower, thickness of rubber pad was high, and speed and pressure of punch were high. It was found the deepest channel was achieved when forming process condition was set with punch speed and pressure at 30 mm/s and 55 MPa, respectively using rubber pad having hardness Shore A 20 and thickness 60 mm. The channel depths of bipolar plates formed with Al1050, STS304 and Ti-G5 under the above process condition were 0.453, 0.307, and 0.270 mm, respectively. There were no defects such as wrinkle, distortion, and crack found from formed bipolar plates.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2010

The drum clutch investigated in this study is formed in 5 forming steps, which are 1st deep drawing, 2nd deep drawing, restriking, embossing, and $Grob^{TM}$ processes. Dimensional accuracy of the final products greatly depends upon how much more accurate pre-form is manufactured in the previous forming processes before the $Grob^{TM}$ process. The deep drawing, restriking and embossing processes in which the pre-form is formed are very important and decisive steps. Thus in some cases, excessive strain by these operations causes dimensional inaccuracy and cracks initiated from the base and wall of the product. Process variables such as the punch shapes both of 1st and 2nd deep drawing, and punch angle were selected to evaluate the deformation characteristics. The optimum parameters were determined from forming simulations using commercial FEM codes, DEFORM and Tauchi method, specifically developed for metal forming simulation. Finally, experiments for the whole drum clutch forming processes were carried out to verify the optimized forming parameters and the analytical results.