• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.574-584
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• 2019

Objective: Research was conducted to test the effect of including fiber-rich feedstuffs in practical pig diets on nutrient digestibility, nitrogen balance and ammonia emissions from slurry. Methods: Three Vietnamese fiber sources were screened, namely cassava leaf meal (CL), cassava root residue (CR), and tofu by-product (TF). Accordingly, a control diet (Con) with 10% of dietary non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) and three test diets including one of the three fiber-rich feedstuffs to reach 15% of NSP were formulated. All formulated diets had the same level of crude protein (CP), in vitro ileal protein digestible and metabolisable energy, whereas the in vitro hindgut volatile fatty acid (VFA) production of the test diets was 12% to 20% higher than the control diet. Forty growing barrows with initial body weight at $28.6{\pm}1.93kg$ ($mean{\pm}standard$ deviation) were allocated to the four treatments. When pigs reached about 50 kg of body weight, four pigs from each treatment were used for a nitrogen balance trial and ammonia emission assessment, the remaining six pigs continued the second period of the feeding trial. Results: The TF treatment increased fecal VFA by 33% as compared with the control treatment (p = 0.07), suggesting stimulation of the hindgut fermentation. However, urinary N was not significantly reduced or shifted to fecal N, nor was slurry pH decreased. Accordingly, ammonia emissions were not mitigated. CR and CL treatments failed to enhance in vivo hindgut fermentation, as assessed by fecal VFA and purine bases. On the contrary, the reduction of CP digestibility in the CL treatment enhanced ammonia emissions from slurry. Conclusion: Dietary inclusion of cassava and tofu byproducts through an increase of dietary NSP from 10% to 15% might stimulate fecal VFA excretion but this does not guarantee a reduction in ammonia emissions from slurry, while its interaction with protein digestibility even might enhance enhanced ammonia emission.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.315-325
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• 2020

Boron compound had many advantages as wood preservative, but it was prone to leaching. Improving boron preservation was required to extend the service life of fast growing and low durability red jabon (Antochephalus macrophyllus) hardwood. This study aimed to evaluate the dimensional stability, color change and durability of modified red jabon wood by double impregnation with boron and methyl methacrylate (MMA) and heat treatment. Impregnation I used boric acid or borax, and impregnation II used MMA, while heat treatment used temperatures of 90 ℃ or 180 ℃ for 4 hours. The dimensional stability, leachability, water absorption, color change and decay resistance of modified red jabon wood were tested. The results showed that MMA impregnation increased the dimensional stability of red jabon wood, while the leaching and water absorption in the wood significantly reduced. Heating at 180 ℃ caused less water absorption and higher dimensional stability of the wood than that of heating at 90 ℃. Impregnation with boric acid and MMA followed by heating at 90 ℃ resulted in the highest wood ASE, 89.9%. The color change (∆E^*) of wood increased significantly after MMA impregnation and heating at 180 ℃. Boric acid impregnation caused more resistant wood than borax impregnation against decay fungi and termites. Impregnation with boric acid and MMA followed with heating at 180 ℃ increased significantly the wood resistance against decay fungi and termites.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.107-112
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• 2008

The six phenolic compounds isolated from the root of Dipsacus asper, 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (1), methyl 3,4-di-O-caffeoyl quinate (2), 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3), methyl 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinate (4), 4-5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5), methyl 4,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinate (6) were continuously evaluated for their antioxidant activity using superoxide radical scavenging and AAPH-mediated (LDL) oxidation assay. The results demonstrated that compounds 1 - 6 had remarkable antioxidant activities with the $IC_50$ values ranging from 12.0 to $2.8{\mu}M$ in superoxide radical scavenging. They also inhibited AAPH-mediated low-density lipoprotein LDL oxidation by the generation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) with $IC_50$ ranging from 6.7 to $8.7{\mu}M$.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제104권1호
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• pp.169-178
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• 2015

본 연구는 산마늘 절임제품을 대상으로 소비자들의 구입행태와 선호도를 분석하여 향후 산마늘 절임제품의 새로운 제품개발과 마케팅 전략 수립 등에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 수행하였다. 산마늘 절임제품에 대한 소비자들의 일반적인 소비행태 분석을 수행하였으며 산마늘 절임제품의 속성별 중요도 도출을 위해 컨조인트 분석을 수행하였다. 그리고 시장세분화를 위한 군집분석과 시장점유율 예측을 위한 Logit 모형을 적용한 시뮬레이션 등을 수행하였다. 소비자 선호도 분석을 위한 컨조인트 분석결과, 소비자들은 산마늘 절임제품의 제품 포장용기를 제품 구매시 가장 중요하게 고려하며 다음으로 절임간장의 콩 원산지인 것으로 분석되었다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.60-63
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• 2016

The study is a pioneering effort to determine the mineral, nutritional, and phytochemical composition and phenolic content and to determine the free radical scavenging activity of Gigantochloa levis (Blanco) Merr, a native bamboo species (locally known as "bolo") in the Philippines. Proximate analysis showed that air-dried G. levis leaves contain 15.8% ash, 22.6% crude protein, 1.2% crude fat, 29.3% crude fiber, and 19.7% total sugar. Phytochemical tests indicated the presence of diterpenes, triterpenes, saponins, phenols, tannins, and flavonoids in both the ethanolic and aqueous leaf extracts, while phytosterols were only detected in the ethanolic extract. Folin-Ciocalteu assay determined the total phenolic content in gallic acid equivalents (GAE) to be $85.86{\pm}3.71$ and $32.32{\pm}1.01mg\;GAE/100g$ dried sample for the ethanolic and aqueous extracts, respectively. The total phenolic content in quercetin equivalents (QE) was $74.44{\pm}3.11$ and $29.43{\pm}0.85mg\;QE/100g$ dried sample for the ethanolic and aqueous extracts, respectively. The radical scavenging activity of the different solvent fractions containing varying concentrations of the extract was determined using the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The ethyl acetate and 1-butanol fractions were found to have the highest radical scavenging activity. Mineral analysis via Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometry (EDS) of the ash of G. levis leaves showed that Si is the major component, followed by K and Mg. These results point to the potential of G. levis leaves as a source of minerals and bioactive compounds with medicinal value.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제108권3호
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• pp.429-439
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• 2019

본 연구는 산림분야 6차산업과 관련된 외연적 개념과 용어를 정립함으로써 산림비즈니스의 범위를 확대하고, 산림융복합경영체의 성장단계를 분류하여 각 성장과정에 영향을 미치는 핵심요소를 분석하고자 하였다. 이에 산림 6차산업과 관련된 용어를 '산림융복합산업'으로 일원화하였다. 또한 2012-2017년까지 전국에서 인증된 6차산업인증경영체 1,397개 중 단기임산물 지원 품목 7가지를 기준으로 약 18.5%인 259개의 '산림융복합경영체'를 추출하였다. 추출된 259개의 경영체를 매출액 범주에 따라 분류한 결과, 진입기(1억 미만)가 33.2%(86개), 발전기(1억 이상 10억 미만)가 54.4%(141개)로 대부분 발전기에 분포하고 있으며, 자립기(10억 이상)까지 성장한 경영체는 비교적 낮게(12.4%) 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 각 성장단계에 영향을 미치는 주요 변수를 분석하기 위해, 독립변수는 6차산업유형으로 종속변수는 지역, 경영체 유형, 운영자 연령대, 임산물 품목(1차), 가공유형(2차), 서비스유형(3차)으로 선정하여 교차분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 가공유형(2차)과 서비스유형(3차)이 모든 성장단계에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 특히 가공유형은 다양한 상품개발과 생산이 가능한 분말, 엑기스 등과 같은 '건강기능성원소재'가 진입에서 자립단계로 갈수록 두드러지게 높은 비중을 차지하였다. 서비스유형(3차)은 성장할수록 단순체험에서 체험관광, 관광교육과 같은 융복합화로 변화되었고, 유통판매에 대한 중요성이 발전기부터 높게 나타나 이를 지원해줄 수 있는 중간지원조직의 역할이 중요하게 분석되었다. 본 연구는 산림융복합사업의 내실 있는 추진과 사업관리의 효율성 제고를 위해 지원방향에 대한 시사점을 제공해 줄 것으로 기대된다.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.155-164
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• 1999

1995년도를 기준으로 일인당 우유소비량이 54.5Kg으로 중가한 낙농시장을 기존의 몇몇 유업체들이 주도해 오고 있으나, 그 속에서 연세유업, 건국유업, 삼육대학식품과 같은 대학교와 연계돈 회사들도 대리점 유통을 통해 낙농시장에 참여하고 있다. 이러한 대학유업 브랜드들은 대학교의 긍정적 이미지에 힘입어 제품브랜드와 대학교 홍보사이에 시너지 효과를 누리면서 유제품판매에 차별화를 두고 있다. 이에 전국에서 낙농산업이 가장 발달한 경기도 안성에 위치해 있으면서 1996년 농림부에 의해 낙농특성화대학으로 선정된 한경대학교는 연구기능을 하는 고등교육기관의 이미지, 신속한 유통에 유리한 수도권 소재, 유리한 낙농기반환경, 학교의 오랜 농업적 배경 등을 장점으로 내세워 차별화된 낙농 브랜드 이미지를 구착하고자 한다. 그 구체적 브랜드 이미지로는 첫째, Confidence- 낙농특성화대학이 표기된 한경대학교의 로고와 심볼, 둘째, Fresh- 브랜드 심볼에 의한 이미지 차별화, 셋째, Gealth- 개별제품의 특성을 반영한 개별브랜드의 개발을 목표로 낙농 브랜드 디자인을 개발하였다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제25권3호통권82호
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• pp.176-190
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• 1997

Isozyme PAGE에 의한 isozyme polymorphism 및 random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) pattern의 비교를 통하여 한국에서 수집된 63개의 표고 버섯(Lentinus edodes)품종의 유연관계를 조사하여 보았다. NTSYS PC program을 통하여 비교에 사용되어진 3가지 isozyme 즉 esterase, peroxidase, acid phophatase 등은 각각 10, 7, 3개의 isozyme polymorphism type으로 나뉘어질 수 있었고, 이러한 3개의 isozyme type들은 group-average method를 이용하여 최종적으로 6개의 집단으로 구분되어질 수 있었다. 또한 RAPD를 통한 표고 품종간 유연관계 비교는 사용되어진 총 20개의 random primer 들중 3개의 primer(OPA 03, OPA 18, OPA 19)가 품종간 polymorphism을 보였고 사용되어진 전체 random primer의 PCR product들의 집단 분석을 통해 최종적으로 5개의 집단으로 구분할 수 있었다. 사용되어진 두 가지 방법 즉, isozyme polymorphism및 RAPD pattern에 의해 구분되어진 63개 표고 버섯 품종의 subgroup level에서의 절대적인 유사성은 관찰할 수 없었다. Yii-Mattila(1996) 등에 의하면 품종간 비교시 isozyme analyses에서와는 달리 RAPD analyses에서는 많은 수의 strain-specific band들이 얻어질 수 있고 이것이 두 방법간의 유사성을 관찰하지 못하게 하는 원인이라고 보고하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권7호
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• pp.1113-1125
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• 2020

Objective: This study was investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of Antrodia cinnamomea fermented product on modulation of antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and lipid metabolism in broilers. Methods: Functional compounds and in vitro antioxidant capacity were detected in wheat bran (WB) solid-state fermented by Antrodia cinnamomea for 16 days (FAC). In animal experiment, 400 d-old broiler chickens were allotted into 5 groups fed control diet, and control diet replaced with 5% WB, 10% WB, 5% FAC, and 10% FAC respectively. Growth performance, intestinal microflora, serum antioxidant enzymes and fatty acid profiles in pectoral superficial muscle were measured. Results: Pretreatment with hot water extracted fermented product significantly reduced chicken peripheral blood mononuclear cells death induced by lipopolysaccharide and 2,2'-Azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride. Birds received 5% and 10% FAC had higher weight gain than WB groups. Cecal coliform and lactic acid bacteria were diminished and increased respectively while diet replaced with FAC. For FAC supplemented groups, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased at 35 days only, with catalase elevated at 21 and 35 day. Regarding serum lipid parameters, 10% FAC replacement significantly reduced triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein level in chickens. For fatty acid composition in pectoral superficial muscle of 35-d-old chickens, 5% and 10% FAC inclusion had birds with significantly lower saturated fatty acids as compared with 10% WB group. Birds on the 5% FAC diet had a higher degree of unsaturation, followed by 10% FAC, control, 5% WB, and 10% WB. Conclusion: In conclusion, desirable intestinal microflora in chickens obtaining FAC may be attributed to the functional metabolites detected in final fermented product. Moreover, antioxidant effects observed in FAC were plausibly exerted in terms of improved antioxidant enzymes activities, increased unsaturated degree of fatty acids in chicken muscle and better weight gain in FAC inclusion groups, indicating that FAC possesses promising favorable mechanisms worthy to be developed.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제66권
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• pp.285-312
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• 2015

Export and import of food, agriculture, forestry, fishery products are suffering from low growth rate due to the European financial crisis, global recession, and Japan's 2012 export expansion following the aftermath of 2011 earthquake. Upon the signing and enactment of Free Trade Agreement with the U.S. and the EU, agriculture and fishery product have become the center of attention. Agriculture and fishery was reported to be 80million dollars, 1.46% of total national export, in 2012. Starting from2000, South Korea's government began its effort to expand agriculture and fishery export and as a result, export has steadily increased despite decreased consumption led by global recession. K-Sure has started an insurance program with the purpose of promoting SME business's export. It protects SME business against risk arising from credit, emergency, bad debt, and domestic price increase. This study aims to evaluate the service quality of K-Sure's insurance program via surveying SME businesses in the agriculture and fishery industry. Also this study will identify key service factors for SME businesses and explore ways to expand SME exports of agriculture and fishery by analyzing consumer satisfaction index. Results indicated service product quality factor, service communication quality factor, and social quality factor was key to improving consumer satisfaction for SME businesses in agriculture and fishery industry. Service product quality factor had a negative effect on consumer satisfaction in term of variety and results indicated that service communication quality factor's responsiveness element had minimal impact on consumer satisfaction. Conversely, all elements for social quality factor had positive effects on consumer satisfaction. Thus, leading to the conclusion that improvements in service product quality factor and service communication quality factor will indeed increase consumer satisfaction.