Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회지)

Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회)
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Classification of Growth Stages of Business Entities and Management Component Analysis in Forestry Convergence Industry

산림융복합산업 경영체의 성장단계 구분 및 경영요소 분석 연구

  • Lee, Bohwi (Department of Environment and Forest Resources, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Park, Chang Won (Korea Rural Community Corporation) ;
  • Joung, Dawou (Department of Environment and Forest Resources, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Chagjun (Department of Environment and Forest Resources, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Jin (Department of Environment and Forest Resources, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Tae-Im (Department of Environment and Forest Resources, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Park, Bum-Jin (Department of Environment and Forest Resources, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Koo, Seungmo (Department of Agricultural Economics, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Sebin (Department of Environment and Forest Resources, Chungnam National University)
  • 이보휘 (충남대학교 산림환경자원학과) ;
  • 박창원 (한국농어촌공사) ;
  • 정다워 (충남대학교 산림환경자원학과) ;
  • 이창준 (충남대학교 산림환경자원학과) ;
  • 이상진 (충남대학교 산림환경자원학과) ;
  • 김태임 (충남대학교 산림환경자원학과) ;
  • 박범진 (충남대학교 산림환경자원학과) ;
  • 구승모 (충남대학교 농업경제학과) ;
  • 김세빈 (충남대학교 산림환경자원학과)
  • Received : 2019.05.23
  • Accepted : 2019.08.24
  • Published : 2019.09.30
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Abstract

The objectives of this study were to gauge the extent of the forestry business through establishing the definition of forestry industry from the perspective of economic convergence and to analyze key components that affect each growth phase of a forestry business entity by classifying them. A total of 1,397 "sixth-sector industry" management entities were certified by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs in South Korea from 2012-2017. Of these, 259 (18.5%) were in the forestry sector. In this study, the 259 forestry management entities were further classified into three phases based on sales distribution: entrance, development, and maturity. The entrance phase (<100 million KRW), development phase (>100 million and <1 billion KRW), and maturity phase (>1 billion KRW) constituted 33.2%, 55.4%, and 12.4% of the total 259 entities, respectively. The results showed that most of the management entities were either in the entrance or development phases, and only a small portion was in the maturity phase. To identify the key variables that affect each of the phases, chi-square analysis was used. We designed the "sixth-sector industry" type as an independent variable, whereas selected region, business organization, manager age group, forest product, processing type, and service type were designated as dependent variables. The results of the analysis showed that the processing and service types influenced all three developmental phases. Moreover, as the phase advanced, processing type showed a higher proportion of health-functional ingredients, such as powder or extract from forest products, which enable to develop and produce a variety of products. Service type also changed from simple experience to integrated experience tourism and finally to tourism education. Distribution and sales channel also turned out to be a significant factor during the development phase. This study provides the basic information needed to guide government support in the implementation of a formal forestry business through convergence as well as to increase the efficiency of business management.

본 연구는 산림분야 6차산업과 관련된 외연적 개념과 용어를 정립함으로써 산림비즈니스의 범위를 확대하고, 산림융복합경영체의 성장단계를 분류하여 각 성장과정에 영향을 미치는 핵심요소를 분석하고자 하였다. 이에 산림 6차산업과 관련된 용어를 '산림융복합산업'으로 일원화하였다. 또한 2012-2017년까지 전국에서 인증된 6차산업인증경영체 1,397개 중 단기임산물 지원 품목 7가지를 기준으로 약 18.5%인 259개의 '산림융복합경영체'를 추출하였다. 추출된 259개의 경영체를 매출액 범주에 따라 분류한 결과, 진입기(1억 미만)가 33.2%(86개), 발전기(1억 이상 10억 미만)가 54.4%(141개)로 대부분 발전기에 분포하고 있으며, 자립기(10억 이상)까지 성장한 경영체는 비교적 낮게(12.4%) 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 각 성장단계에 영향을 미치는 주요 변수를 분석하기 위해, 독립변수는 6차산업유형으로 종속변수는 지역, 경영체 유형, 운영자 연령대, 임산물 품목(1차), 가공유형(2차), 서비스유형(3차)으로 선정하여 교차분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 가공유형(2차)과 서비스유형(3차)이 모든 성장단계에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 특히 가공유형은 다양한 상품개발과 생산이 가능한 분말, 엑기스 등과 같은 '건강기능성원소재'가 진입에서 자립단계로 갈수록 두드러지게 높은 비중을 차지하였다. 서비스유형(3차)은 성장할수록 단순체험에서 체험관광, 관광교육과 같은 융복합화로 변화되었고, 유통판매에 대한 중요성이 발전기부터 높게 나타나 이를 지원해줄 수 있는 중간지원조직의 역할이 중요하게 분석되었다. 본 연구는 산림융복합사업의 내실 있는 추진과 사업관리의 효율성 제고를 위해 지원방향에 대한 시사점을 제공해 줄 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

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