• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2023

To protect people and the environment from environmental radiation, the Act on Protective Action Guidelines against Radiation in the Natural Environment was formulated in Korea in 2011. This law regulates matters related to radiation safety that can be encountered in life. In accordance with this law, radiation monitoring equipment is operated at major airports and ports across the country, ensuring radiation monitoring of imported cargo. Currently, six ministries conduct radiation monitoring of imported cargo: the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission; the Korea Customs Service; the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety; the Ministry of Environment; the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs; and the Korea Forest Service. Each ministry designates the relevant cargo items for radiation monitoring. The objective of this study was to comprehensively review the Korean radiation monitoring system for imported cargo and identify the areas and scopes of improvement. This paper also proposes a new law and an integrated supervision plan, which involves establishing a dedicated department to enhance the efficiency and professionalism of the national radiation monitoring system for imported cargo. The review will contribute to the development of a more sophisticated national radiation monitoring system for imported cargo.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.1067-1072
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 우리나라에 번식하는 올빼미의 실질적인 행동권 파악을 통해 멸종위기야생동물 II급 올빼미의 생태적 특성을 규명하여 올빼미 개체군을 보호하고 보전하며 관리하는데 필요한 자료를 제공하고자 '자연환경보전법'에 따라 시행하고 있는 제 4차 전국자연환경조사의 일환으로 2016년 4월 14일~5월 20일까지 번식기 육추시기에 약 한달 간 진행했다. 그 결과 경북 일대에서 전장(Total Length) 423.5mm와 무게 550g의 암컷 1개체를 포획하였고 우리나라 최초로 추적에 성공했으며 직접관찰과 위성추적 관찰 좌표 6지점을 획득 하였다. 가장 먼 지점의 거리는 둥지로부터 93m의 이격 거리였다. 그리고 육추시기에 약 100m 반경에 대한 서식지 분석결과 밭 34.2%, 혼효림 30.6%, 과수원 10.5%, 자연초지 9.4% 순의로 토지피복도 우점 순위가 나타났다. 이는 이전의 연구결과와 매우 유사한 결과로 향후 수컷 또는 다른 개체들에 대한 추적조사를 바탕으로 추가 연구가 이루어져 멸종위기야생동물 II급 올빼미의 보호와 보전하는데 기초자료로서 활용을 기대한다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.109-123
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• 2014

Kaloula borealis is the species of Amphibia which belongs to Kaloula genus and it is the only species inhabiting in Korea. The population size and habitat of Kaloula borealis have been significantly decreased on a national scale due to the diversified developments and the uses of agricultural pesticides. Accordingly, the Ministry of Environment has designated and managed them as the class II of endangered species, in accordance with "Endangered Species Protection and Management Act"; however, a particular study focused on the ecological restoration of Kaloula borealis is desperately needed to prevent their extinction. This study was conducted to propose the HSI (Habit Suitability Index) of Kaloula borealis based on literature survey on ecology and habitats of Kaloula borealis, as well as their HSI. Factors to be investigated in HSI include: space, feed, cover, water(breeding) and threatening factors and the variables of each factor were also proposed. The distance from wetland, grassland, farm, stream and rice paddy, as well as the altitude of spawning pond were proposed as the variables of space, whereas the bed structure of forest and low-rise grassland were proposed as the variables of feeding. The variables of water (breeding) include the area of permanent and temporary wetlands, coverage of emerged pants (ratio of open water), water depth, water temperature, water quality, pH level, etc., whereas the presence of predator, distance from street and pollutants were proposed as the variables of threatening factor. The sub-standards by HSI factor of Kaloula borealis have been drawn from in-depth consultation with experts and based on this, the final HSI of Kaloula borealis was developed.

• 동굴
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• 제4호
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• pp.41-50
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• 1996

The coastal plains of the Puna and Ka' u Districts of the island of Hawaii are a contradiction to the popular view that the island of Hawaii is a tropical rain forest or a vegetated landscape with abundant water sour This section of the island lies in the rain shadow of Mauna Loa a Kilauea Volcanoes and receives less than 30 inches of annual precipita When rain does come. it is in the form of sudden down pours. givi residents of the area little time to collect and conserve water. Due to porous nature of the rock. there is no standing surface water. In spite of these harsh climatic conditions. archeological evidence indic that an extensive agriculture complex existed not only along the coast. into the most remote parts of what is called the Ka'u Desert. Pass through these agricultural areas are historic and pre - historic t systems. These trail systems apparently played a significant suppor role for exchange between the ahupua's (classic land divisions of Haw and the geopolitical districts. The question arises as to how could vast agricultural complexes a heavy foot travel over miles of arid land exist without dependable wa sources\ulcorner While planting - pits and mounds were designed to make most efficient use of available water and conserve moisture(Carter 19 9). people involved in planting also needed potable water for surv Most publications and research papers dealing with the early population this area make only oblique reference to springs and wells which t populations depended upon. The Federal Cave Resource Protection Act(1988) has served as imprtus for the National Park Service to look closer at the lava tu caves and fault cracks within Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. P visitors to these underground areas found large volumes of standing wa in fault cracks. and abundant drip areas with the lava tubes. Re observes noted that in most cases. where the cracks and caves we located in the arid sections of the park. there has been extens modifiacation or utilization of these water sources by the early Hawaii and others. The variety of western containers used for collection indica that these water sources were used during historic times. William E described similar water sources in his narrative of his trip around island in 1823(Eills 1979), This report is directed at documenting recent observations and a stimulating further research into early Hawaiian water collection syst It also explores the implications that power and political influence of e chiefs in the arid portions of Hawaii could have been linked to the con of the water resources.

• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.142-151
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• 2020

본 연구는 올해 제정된 '세계유산의 보전·관리 및 활용에 관한 특별법'의 효율적 시행을 위한 시사점 도출을 시도한 연구이다. 시사점 도출을 위해 일본의 세계자연유산지역 4곳을 사례연구 대상지로 선정하여 연구를 진행하였다. 그 결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 중앙행정부처 및 지자체가 소통할 수 있는 논의의 장을 설치하는 것이 필요하다. 일본의 경우에는 대상지 4곳이 모두 국유림의 비율이 매우 높으며, 천연기념물이 있고, 국립공원으로 지정된 곳도 3곳이었다. 따라서, 관할 부처인 환경성, 임야청 및 문화청의 중앙부처와 지자체가 참여하는 회의를 설치함으로서 서로 긴밀한 소통을 바탕으로 세계자연유산의 효율적 관리를 위한 시스템을 갖추고 있었다. 또한, 지역에서 활동하는 NPO, 관광협회 등 실질적인 활동 주체들도 회의에 참여하고 있었다. 둘째, 학술전문가로 구성된 위원회의 설치이다. 일본의 경우, 과학위원회는 연락회의의 주체가 관리계획을 수립함에 있어서 과학적 근거를 제공하고 있다. 특히, 지속적이며 정기적인 위원회 활동과 주제별로 소분과를 설치할 수 있는 등 능동적인 체제를 구축하고 있었다. 이를 통해 지자체 등에서는 세계자연유산을 지역활성화 관점에서 관리계획을 수립할 수 있으나, 이를 방지하는 기능을 갖추고 있다고 생각된다. 특히, 자연유산의 특성상 지속적이며, 종합적인 관점에서의 생태계 관리가 매우 중요하기 때문에 우리나라에도 도입이 꼭 필요한 제도로 생각된다. 셋째, 지속인 모니터링 및 이에 기반한 관리계획의 수립과 구체적인 운영계획의 필요성이다. 일본의 야쿠시마에서 등재 이후 등산객의 증가로 인한 환경훼손이 일어났으며, 이 훼손으로 인한 등산객이 감소하는 등의 악순환이 발생하였다. 따라서, 초기 단계에서부터 지속적인 모니터링을 통해 관리적 측면과 활용적 측면을 모두 고려한 계획을 수립하는 것이 필요하며, 오가사와라제도의 사례에서 알 수 있듯이, 관리계획을 체계적으로 실행할 수 있는 구체적인 가이드라인도 마련하는 것이 자연유산의 체계적이며 지속적인 관리를 위해서는 필요하다고 생각되어진다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.106-116
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• 2005

This experiment was conducted to investigate available extraction capacity and potential mobility of heavy metal according to the distribution property and contamination level of heavy metals in soils and to suggest a reform measure of soil environment assessment methodology applied with soil quality and the official soil heavy metal test methods in domestic and foreign countries. The soils were collected from the natural forest paddy with long-term application of same type fertilizer, and paddies near metal mine and industrial complex. The post-treatment methods of soil were partial extraction, acid digestion and sequential extraction methods. For the heavy metal contents with different soil properties, it was shown that their natural forest and paddy soil were slightly low and similar to the general paddy soil, while their paddies near metal mine and industrial complex were higher than the standard level of Soil Environment Protection Act. Heavy metal concentrations in the soils with different soil properties had difference between $HNO_3\;and\;HNO_3+HCl$ extractant by US-EPA 3051a method. There were highly significant positive relationships in both two methods. It was appeared that the higher extractable concentration ratio with 0.1N-HCl to total heavy metal content with $HNO_3+HCl$ extractant the greater total heavy metal content. There were highly significant positive correlationship between total heavy metal content and extractable content with 0.1N-HCl. For extractable capacity of soil extractable solution compared to the total heavy metal content it was appeared that it extractable method with 0.1N-HCl was higher than those with EDTA and DTPA. In extractable ratio with 0.1N-HCl in the contaminated paddy soils near mine and industrial complex, it was shown that the lower soil pH, the higher total heavy metal content. The order of a potential mobility coefficient by distribution of heavy metal content with ie different typies in the soil was Cd>Ni>Zn>Cu>Pb. It could be known that contamination characteristics of heavy metals with different types of soils were affected by different heavy metal components, contamination degree and soil chemical properties, and heavy metal concentration with different extractable methods had great variations with adjacent environment. To be compared with assessment methodology of soil environment impact at domestic and foreign countries with our results, it might be considered that there was necessary to make a single analysis method based on total heavy metal content with environmental overloading concept because of various analysis methods for total heavy metal content and present analysis method with great variation according to soil environment. In spite of showing higher concentration of heavy metal with acidic digestion than the extractable method, it might be considered that there is need to be adjusted the national standard of soil heavy metal contamination.