• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2018

The litter production, the nutrient concentration of each component of litterfall, and the amounts of nutrient into the forest floor via litterfall were assessed for 5 years from January 2009 through December 2013 in a Pinus densiflora forest in Mt. Worak National Park. The average amounts of leaf litter, branch and bark, reproductive organs(flowers and cones), and miscellaneous categories for 5 years were $1.940{\pm}0.21$, $0.505{\pm}0.15$, $0.259{\pm}0.09$, and $0.737{\pm}0.14t\;ha^{-1}yr^{-1}$, respectively. The average percentage of leaf litter, branch and bark, reproductive organs and miscellaneous categories for 5 years were 56.4, 14.7, 7.5, and 21.4%, respectively. The amounts of total litterfall in 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013 were 2.810, 3.796, 3.268, 3.284, and $4.045ton\;ha^{-1}yr^{-1}$, respectively. The average amounts of litterfall for 5 years were $3.441{\pm}0.4ton\;ha^{-1}yr^{-1}$. The average amounts of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg returned to the forest floor via litterfall for 5 years in this Pinus densiflora forest were $22.73{\pm}4.92$, $1.05{\pm}0.42$, $4.26{\pm}1.69$, $8.48{\pm}4.62$, and $2.42{\pm}1.01kg\;ha^{-1}yr^{-1}$, respectively.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.145-152
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• 2018

Quantification of Carbon stock has become in the contest of changing climate and mitigation potential of forests. Two different forest types, Dry Shiwalik Sal Forest and Moist Shiwalik Sal Forest in Barkot and Lachchiwala of Doon Valley, Western Himalaya are selected for the study. Volume equations, destructive sampling and laboratory analysis are done to estimate the carbon stock in different carbon pools like trees, shrubs, herbs and soils. Considerable variations are observed in terms of carbon stocks in different forest types. In Dry Shiwalik Sal Forest, carbon stock density varied between 129.81 and $136.00MgCha^{-1}$ while in Moist Shiwalik Sal Forest, carbon stock density ranged from 222.29 to $271.67MgCha^{-1}$. Tree species like Shorea robusta, Syzigium cumini, Miliusa velutina, Acacia catechu, and Mallotus philippensis had significant role in carbon sequestration. Shorea robusta had contributed highest in carbon stock due to highest density. Total of 2,338,280.165 Mg carbon stock was estimated in all the forest types.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Environment and Ecology Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.82-85
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• 2006

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.299-299
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• 2022

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.84-96
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• 2022

Most of the islands of Korea are distributed in the South and West Sea, and it consists of independent small stream. As a result, the fish community that inhabits the island's stream is isolated from the mainland and other island. This study utilized a Self-Organizing Map (SOM) and a random forest model to analyze the relationship between environmental variables and fish communities inhabiting islands in South Korea. Through the SOM analysis, the fish communities were divided into three clusters, and there were differences in biotic and abiotic factors between these groups. Cluster I consisted of sites with relatively larger island areas and a higher number of species and population. It was found that 15 out of 16 indicator species were included. Meanwhile, the remaining clusters had fewer species and populations. Cluster II, especially, showed the lowest impact from physical variables such as water width and depth. As a result of predicting the species richness using the random forest model, physical variables in habitats, such as stream width and water depth, had a relatively higher importance on species richness. On the other hand, forest area was the most important variables for predicting Shannon diversity, followed by maximum water depth, and gravel. The results suggest that this study can be used as basic data for establishing a stream ecosystem management strategy in terms of conservation and protection of biological resources in streams of islands.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.220-232
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• 2009

The objective of this study was to understand the relationships between forest vegetation characteristics and the damage of Oak wilt disease. Field surveys were carried out for two groups. One group(Group A) consists of Oak wilt infected 18 sites from 7 provinces, and the other group(Group B) consists of 5 permanent sites where data on the relative density of entrance holes drilled by Platypus koryoensis., the vector of Oak wilt disease, were available. Survey results showed that 17 of 18 sites were dominated by Quercus spp.(Group A) and also showed a significant positive relationship($R^2=0.89$, P<0.05) between the relative density of entrance holes and the relative density of Quercus spp.(Group B) implying that the susceptibility to Oak wilt disease is related with the high dominance of Quecus spp. in a forest stand.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.33-47
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• 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of eco-friendly restoration in forested bog on the structure of benthic macroinvertebrate community. The benthic macroinvertebrates collected from the surveyed sites were composed of 1,071 individuals, 60 species, 40 families, 13 orders, 6 classes and 5 phyla. At the control and Site 3(small dam), the number of species and individuals were larger than that of other sites, and EPT group ratio was same as well. Considered by index, the dominance index (DI) was found the highest at the biotope area. The diversity index (H') and richness index (RI) were the highest at the control and Site 3. In addition, the ecological score of benthic macroinvertebrate (ESB) showed the highest at site 3, while the lowest at biotope area. The stability and recovery of benthic macrointebrates showed different according to restoration types at forested bog. After restoration project, the benthic macroinvertebrates were observed to get recovery at Site 3, and to have the highest communities stability at control and Site 3. At biotope areas (Site 4, Site 5 and Site 6) communities stability were the lowest, but showed different community stability values according to the presence of water. It is confirmed that the eco-friendly restoration projects indeed provided the better environment for the inhabitation of benthic macroinvertebrate community. The change of community index depending on the restoration projects suggests that the eco-friendly restoration can provide a more suitable environment for benthic macroinvertebrate ecosystem that prefers the stream environment.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.101-111
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• 2008

To provide more natural elements in the harsh urban environment, 'planting trees as urban forests' has been emphasized as having an important role, and trees are expected to be as functional as the trees under more natural conditions in rural areas, and provide people with benefits. To do this, urban forest policies needed a better idea of planting methods and management of trees through the theory of landscape ecology, and also the feedback system according to the evaluation and assessment of urban forests. In this case study, a new principle and assessment indices for the evaluation are applied for the 4 urban forests in two Korean metropolitan cities, Daejeon and Ulsan. The evaluation of Korean urban forest-function as biotope and the assessment for the classification of biotope diversity types are carried out. The AUEM(Adding Up Estimation Matrix) is applied for the analysis of urban forests. Unlikely previous researches on the other Korean metropolitan cities, the size of urban forest has less influence on the vegetation diversity. The most frequent biotope grade is the 3rd grade at Namseon park and Mt. Hamwol, while Mt. Bomun and Mt. Yeompo show the 4th grade. The grades of forest-function as biotope are from 3rd to 5th in which lower than average in forest-function grades. This means that the 4 sites are still not-matured forests and less-functional forests as the urban biotope.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.97 no.2
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• pp.171-180
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• 2008

The characterization of tree species and forest stand conditions is useful in the planning of activities aimed to conserve biodiversity. The main objective of this study was to describe tree species diversity, species composition and stand structure of tropical deciduous forests distributed in three regions in Myanmar. Forest inventory was conducted in the Oktwin teak bearing forest, the Letpanpin community forest and Alaungdaw Kathapa National Park. According to the Jackknife estimator of species richness, 85 species (${\pm}18.16$), 70 species (${\pm}5.88$) and 186 species (${\pm}17.10$) belonging to 31 families were found in the Oktwin teak bearing forest, 33 families in Letpanpin community forest and 53 families in Alaungdaw Kathapa national park, respectively. Shannon's diversity indices were significantly different among the forests (p<0.05). It ranged from 3.36 to 4.36. Mean tree density (n/ha) of the Oktwin teak bearing forest, Letpanpin community forest and Alaungdaw Kathapa National Park were 488 (${\pm}18.6$), 535 (${\pm}15.6$) and 412 (${\pm}14.1$), while basal areas per hectare were $46.96m^2({\pm}3.23),\;49.01m^2({\pm}5.08)\;and\;60.03m^2({\pm}3.88)$, respectively. At the family level, Verbenaceae, Myrtaceae and Combretaceae occupied the highest importance value index, while at the species level it was Tectona grandis, Lagerstoremia speciosa and Xylia xylocarpa.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.409-410
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• 2020

This report describes the damage caused by gypsy moths (Lymantria dispar) and stick bugs (Ramulus mikado) to forests and host plants in 2020. Severe tree-crown defoliation was found in central parts of Korea, especially Gangwon (1,638 ha), Gyeonggi (1,134 ha), Chungbuk (726 ha) and Seoul (476 ha). Stick bug outbreaks occurred in hilly areas, such as Mt. Bongsan, located between Seoul and Goyang.