• 제목/요약/키워드: Food Residue

검색결과 888건 처리시간 0.029초

Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Etofenprox Residues in Foods with Mass-Spectrometric Confirmation

  • Lee, Young-Deuk;Kwon, Chan-Hyeok;Kwon, Ki-Sung
    • 한국환경농학회지
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    • 제30권4호
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    • pp.432-439
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    • 2011
  • BACKGROUND: An official analytical method was developed to determine etofenprox residues in agricultural commodities using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). METHODS AND RESULTS: The etofenprox residue was extracted with acetone from representative samples of five raw products which comprised rice grain, apple, mandarin, cabbage, and soybean. The extract was then serially purified by liquid-liquid partition and Florisil column chromatography. For rice and soybean samples, acetonitrile/n-hexane partition was additionally coupled to remove nonpolar lipids. Reversed phase HPLC using an octadecylsilyl column was successfully applied to separate etofenprox from co-extractives. Intact etofenprox was sensitively detected by ultraviolet absorption at 225 nm. Recovery experiment at the quantitation limit validated that the proposed method could apparently determine the etofenprox residue at 0.02 mg/kg. Mean recoveries from five crop samples fortified at three levels in triplicate were in the range of 93.6~106.4%. Relative standard deviations of the analytical method were all less than 10%, irrespective of crop types. A selected-ion monitoring LC/mass spectrometry with positive atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization was also provided to confirm the suspected residue. CONCLUSION(s): The proposed method is simple, rapid and sensitive enough to be employed in routine inspection or monitoring of agricultural products for the etofenprox residue.

Effects of Feeding a Dry or Fermented Restaurant Food Residue Mixture on Performance and Blood Profiles of Rats

  • Kim, Young-Il;Bae, Ji-Sun;Jee, Kyung-Su;McCaskey, Tom;Kwak, Wan-Sup
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제24권12호
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    • pp.1744-1751
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    • 2011
  • This study was conducted to compare the effects of feeding dry or fermented (aerobically or anaerobically with or without lactic acid bacteria) restaurant food residue mixture-containing diets on animal performance and blood profiles. Rats were used as the model animal for the simulation of laboratory rodents, rabbit or horse feeding and fed for 4 wks. The results were compared with feeding a dry diet (control) with the same ingredient composition as diets processed by aerobic and anaerobic methods. Feeding all the fermented diets tended to increase (p>0.05) average daily gain of rats resulting in improved (p<0.01) feed efficiency. Apparent digestibility of NDF was increased (p<0.05) by feeding the fermented diets, although digestibilities of DM, OM, CP, and NFC were not affected (p>0.05). Compared with the aerobically fermented diet, digestibility of ADF was increased (p<0.05) for the anaerobically fermented diet and for the 0.5% LAB culture plus anaerobically fermented diet. The digestibility of crude ash tended to increase (p>0.05) with feeding of the fermented diets. Feeding either of the fermented diets had little effects on serum nutrients, electrolytes, enzymes and blood cell profiles of rats except sodium and uric acid concentrations. These results showed that compared with feeding a dry food residue-containing diet, feeding aerobically or anaerobically fermented diets showed better animal performance as indicated by higher feed efficiency and rat growth rate. These improvements were attributed to the desirable dietary protein conservation during the food residue fermentation process and to higher total tract digestibilities of NDF and crude ash in the fermented food residue diets.

쌀단백질 잔사발효물이 효모추출물의 맛특성에 미치는 영향 (Effect of a Fermented Rice Protein Residue on the Taste Property of Yeast Extract)

  • 박강석;한귀정;정하열
    • 산업식품공학
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    • 제15권4호
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    • pp.413-419
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    • 2011
  • 쌀단백질을 이용한 고부가가치 천연 조미소재를 개발하기 위하여 쌀단백질을 프로테아제로 효소분해한 배지에서 Saccharomyces cerevisiae를 배양하여 제조한 효모 추출물(Yx)에, 효소분해 후 남은 쌀단백질 잔사를 Bacillus licheniformis 혹은 Bacillus subtilis로 발효하여 얻은 발효물(Rfl, Rfs)을 각각 첨가하였다. 쌀단백질 잔사의 발효물이 첨가된 효모추출물(YxRfl, YxRfs)의 전체적 선호도는 첨가전의 효모추출물(Yx)에 비하여 높았으며, 특히 쌀단백질 발효물의 보충에 의해서 감칠맛과 같은 풍미가 증가함을 미각센서 분석 및 관능검사에 의해서 확인할 수 있었다. 쌀단백질 잔사발효물에 의한 감칠맛의 상승은 감칠맛을 내는 아미노산 이 외에도 쌀단백질의 발효에 따라 유리된 다양한 펩타이드 분획의 영향이 있었을 것으로 예상된다. 이와 같이 감칠맛 아미노산 및 펩타이드가 함유된 쌀단백질 발효물이 보충된 효모추출물은 감칠맛과 풍미의 상승작용으로 전체적인 기호도가 높아짐에 따라 고부가가치 천연조미소재의 제조에 응용될 수 있을 것으로 기대되었다.

Replacement of Hexachlorocyclohexane to Environmentally Friendly Biosurfactant as Precursor for the Production of Biosurfactant from Pseudomonas

  • Anu Appaiah, K.A.;Parvathy, A.;Mathew, Mariam;Karanth, N.G.K.
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제21권8호
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    • pp.858-860
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    • 2011
  • Production of biosurfactant can be substantially increased by the addition of precursors like vegetable oils, petroleum products, and other water-insoluble substances. Pseudomonas Ptm+ strain produces biosurfactant in the presence of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), which specifically emulsifies HCH, a recalcitrant organochlorine pesticide. Addition of previously produced crude biosurfactant by the same organism as a precursor instead of HCH increased production of biosurfactants with a decrease in the total fermentation time from 32 to 24 h. The main objective of this paper was to find alternatives for HCH as an inducer.

Microbial Floral Dynamics of Chinese Traditional Soybean Paste (Doujiang) and Commercial Soybean Paste

  • Gao, Xiuzhi;Liu, Hui;Yi, Xinxin;Liu, Yiqian;Wang, Xiaodong;Xu, Wensheng;Tong, Qigen;Cui, Zongjun
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제23권12호
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    • pp.1717-1725
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    • 2013
  • Traditional soybean paste from Shandong Liangshan and Tianyuan Jiangyuan commercial soybean paste were chosen for analysis and comparison of their bacterial and fungal dynamics using denaturing gel gradient electrophoresis and 16S rRNA gene clone libraries. The bacterial diversity results showed that more than 20 types of bacteria were present in traditional Shandong soybean paste during its fermentation process, whereas only six types of bacteria were present in the commercial soybean paste. The predominant bacteria in the Shandong soybean paste were most closely related to Leuconostoc spp., an uncultured bacterium, Lactococcus lactis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus spp., and Citrobacter freundii. The predominant bacteria in the Tianyuan Jiangyuan soybean paste were most closely related to an uncultured bacterium, Bacillus licheniformis, and an uncultured Leuconostoc spp. The fungal diversity results showed that 10 types of fungi were present in the Shandong soybean paste during the fermentation process, with the predominant fungi being most closely related to Geotrichum spp., an uncultured fungal clone, Aspergillus oryzae, and yeast species. The predominant fungus in the commercial soybean paste was Aspergillus oryzae.

농약사용에서의 잔류기준 설정과 GAP (Establishing residue limits and GAP in the use of pesticides)

  • 이서래
    • 농약과학회지
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    • 제9권2호
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    • pp.113-121
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    • 2005
  • 국가차원에서 식품안전 프로그램은 소비자보호와 식인성질환의 예방을 기본요소로 하고 있으며 정부, 식품산업, 소비자가 책임질 일이다. 여기에서는 WHO에서 제안하고 있는 식품안전 프로그램의 원칙을 소개한 다음 식품생산에 사용되는 의도적 첨가물의 잔류기준 설정에서 GAP의 중요성, 국제기구와 국내에서 잔류농약의 기준설정에 활용되고 있는 절차와 차이점을 지적하였다. 결론적으로 잔류농약에 대한 국내기준을 Codex 기준과 조화시키는데 필요한 사항들을 건의하였다.

용매의 세척회수(洗滌回數)가 건조비지의 품질에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Number of Washings with Solvents on Quality of Dried Soymilk Residue)

  • 김우정;손정우;정성수
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제17권2호
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    • pp.95-100
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    • 1985
  • 콩우유 가공중 부산물로 생산되는 비지를 acetone과 ethanol로 세척한뒤 저온에서 건조하였을때 세척회수가 건조비지의 건조시간(乾燥時間)과 이화학적(理化學的) 성질(性質)에 미치는 영향을 조사하였으며 건조비지가 밀가루와 혼합(混合)될 때 수분과 기름의 흡수능력(吸收能力)의 변화를 측정하였다. 비지와 용매의 비율을 1:1.5로 하여 세척회수(1-5회)가 증가함에 따라 건조속도와 단백질 함량의 증가 그리고 지방과 총당의 감소가 있었으며 수분과 기름의 흡수능력도 증가하였다. 전반적으로 acetone은 3회(回), ethanol은 2회(回) 세척후 이들 성질의 변화가 완만해 졌으며 acetone 세척이 ethanol보다 건조속도나 색상 그리고 지방함량의 감소에서 유리함이 밝혀졌다. 한편, 건조비지를 밀가루와 혼합할때 비지의 혼합비율이 증가하면서 거의 직선적으로 수분과 기름의 흡수능력이 증가됨을 보여 주었다.

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국내 잔류농약 residue definition과 관련된 식이노출의 과소평가 (Underestimation of Dietary Exposure to Pesticide Residues in Relation to Residue Definition in South Korea)

  • 이미경
    • 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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    • 제35권5호
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    • pp.452-458
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    • 2020
  • 본 연구는 식물성 식품에 대한 잔류농약의 국내와 코덱스의 residue definition 비교를 통해 국내에서 식이노출 과소평가의 가능성이 있는 농약성분을 파악하고 더 나아가 식이노출 과소평가가 위해성 평가에 미치는 영향에 대해 우선적으로 검토가 필요한 농약성분을 알아내고자 하였다. 연구결과, 국내와 코덱스의 residue definition 정보로부터 식이노출 과소평가의 가능성이 있는 44종의 농약성분이 파악되었다. 이들 성분 중 농약성분의 ADI값, 국내 MRL 정보 및 대사물질의 독성학적 정보에 근거하여 다음의 24종 농약성분이 식이노출 과소평가가 위해성 평가에 미치는 영향에 대해 우선적으로 검토가 필요한 것으로 나타났다: acibensolar-S-methyl, chlorfenapyr, chlorothalonil, cyantraniliprole, cyclaniliprole, cyflumetofen, dithiocarbamates, fenamidone, fenpyroximate, fluazifop-P-butyl, fluopicolide, flupyradifuron, fluxapyroxad, glyphosate, hexythiazox, isoprothiolane, isopyrazam, myclobutanil, penthiopyrad, propiconazole, spinetoram, spiromesifen, spirotetramat, trifloxystrobin. 더 나아가 chlorfenapyr, chlorothalonil, dithiocarbamates, fenamidone은 대사물질의 독성이 더 커서 특히 우선적으로 검토가 요구되는 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구는 식품 중 잔류농약에 대한 국내 위해성 평가방법의 개선을 위해 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

잔류기준 설정을 위한 식품원료의 분류 및 명칭 (Classification and Nomenclature of Raw Food Materials for Tolerance Setting of Chemical Residues and Contaminants)

  • 이서래
    • 한국환경농학회지
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    • 제19권3호
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    • pp.259-269
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    • 2000
  • 식품원료인 농수축산물은 생산측면과 소비측면에서 각각 관행적으로 분류되어 사용되어 왔다. 한편 식품원료 중 잔류농약, 가축의약품, 환경오염물질과 같은 화학잔류물의 기준설정 및 규제를 위해서는 잔류가능성을 감안한 분류방식이 요구되고 있으나 식품원료의 분류방식이 통일되지 못하여 많은 혼란을 가져왔다. 본 연구에서는 농산물 중 농약잔류 허용기준을 적용하는데 있어서 국내외적으로 나타난 문제들을 지적하였으며 국제식품규격위원회의 Codex 기준을 무난히 수용할 수 있는 농수축산물 분류방식을 제시하였다. 이와 아울러 여기에서 제시한 분류법을 이용하여 잔류농약을 비롯한 다른 화학물질의 오염기준을 설치할 경우의 고려할 점을 제시하였다.

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건조방법에 따른 비지의 품질변화 (Changes in Quality of Soybean Curd Residue as Affected by Different Drying Methods)

  • 김동수;설명훈;김현대
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제25권3호
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    • pp.453-459
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    • 1996
  • This study was carried out to determine the changes in quality during the drying process and the optimum drying condition for utilizing soybean curd residue. The quality criteria for soybean curd residue were acid value, peroxide value, fatty acid composition and microbial concentration. The acid values of soybean curd residue were 7.5, 4.5 and 5.9 KOH mg/g upon 12 hour drying with open-air sun, ambient-air blast and warm-air blast, respectively. The numbers of total aerobic bacteria and molds increased remarkably during drying with open-air sunlight, ambient-air blast and warm-air blast except for hot air blast. Among different drying methods, the hot air blast drying(1kg of sample) was the most effective methods, which completed in three hours. Also, the drying method demonstrated a typical drying curve ; settling down, constant rate drying and falling rate drying period were shown within one hour, from one and three hours and after three hours, respectively. Moreover, there was significant variation in the constant drying period for the quality of soybean curd residue.

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