• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.1248-1255
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• 2020

Objective: To analyze long-term follow-up sonographic findings of intrathyroidal thymus in children. Materials and Methods: Among 1259 patients with congenital hypothyroidism under 15 years of age who underwent thyroid ultrasonography (US), 41 patients were diagnosed with an intrathyroidal thymus based on US criteria, i.e., hypoechoic solid lesion with punctate and linear echogenicity. In 26 patients aged one to 14 years old, the last follow-up US was performed after 6 to 132 months and compared with the initial US. The lesion was considered to decrease in size if there was a change of more than 2 mm in any dimension. The margin change was divided into well-defined and indistinct, blurred. When the echogenicity changed to a hyperechoic from a characteristic thymic echogenicity pattern, the pattern was considered a hyperechogenic. The changes in size were compared with the changes in shape, margin, and echogenicity pattern. The changes in size, shape, margin, and echogenicity were analyzed the association with the age of last follow-up. Statistical analysis was conducted using the chi-squared test and logistic regression. Results: Fifteen (57.7%) cases were stable in size, and 11 (42.3%) decreased in size, including one that disappeared. Ten (38.5%) cases changed to indistinct margins from initially well-defined margins including one case of initially indistinct margin. Six (23.1%) changed to hyperechogenic, from initially characteristic thymic echogenicity patterns. When follow-up change was compared, decreases in size were significantly associated with lesion changes to indistinct margins (p = 0.004). The age at last follow-up was significantly associated with change to hyperechogenicity (odd ratio, 2.141; 95% confidence interval, 1.144-4.010, p = 0.017). Conclusion: On follow-up US, an intrathyroidal thymus may be decreased in size, with indistinct margins, or show changes to a hyperechoic mass. Decreases in size may be associated with changing to indistinct margins, and changes to hyperechogenicity may be associated with increasing age.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.27.1-27.10
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• 2021

This study describes 6 cases of endodontic overfilling with successful clinical outcomes during long-term (up to 35 years) radiographic follow-up. Successful endodontic treatment depends on proper shaping, disinfection, and obturation of root canals. Filling materials should completely fill the root canal space without exceeding the anatomical apex. Overfilling may occur when the filling material extrudes into the periapical tissues beyond the apex. The present case series describes 6 root canal treatments in which overfilling of root canal sealer and gutta-percha accidentally occurred. Patients' teeth were periodically checked with periapical radiographs in order to evaluate the outcomes during long-term follow-up. All cases showed healing and progressive resorption of the extruded materials in the periapex. The present cases showed that if a 3-dimensional seal was present at the apical level, overfilling did not negatively affect the long-term outcomes of root canal treatment.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.420-426
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 유치열기 3급 부정 교합 환아에서 facemask를 이용한 악정형 치료 후 골격적 변화와 치료 후 나타나는 재발 양상을 평가하는 것이다. 유치열기 3급 부정교합 환아 15명을 대상으로 구내장치로 bonded expander, 구외장치로 facemask를 이용한 악정형 치료를 평균 12 개월 동안 시행하였으며, 1년 간의 follow-up 기간 동안 유지 장치는 사용되지 않았다. 치료 시작 전, 치료 직후, 치료 1년 후에 측면두부방사선사진을 촬영하고 전후방 및 수직적 골격관계와 연조직의 변화를 비교분석하였다. 모든 환아에서 치료 직후, 유의할 만한 골격적 전후방 관계의 변화를 보였고 1년 간의 follow-up 기간 동안 재발되는 경향을 보였으나 치료 시작 전과 비교하여 치료 효과는 유지되었다. 수직적 골격적 변화는 치료 직후 증가되었으나 1년 간의 follow-up 기간 동안 다시 감소하여 치료 시작 전과 비교하여 차이를 보이지 않았다. 연조직의 변화는 facial convexity 및 상순의 위치가 치료 직후 개선됨을 보였고 1년 간의 follow-up 기간 동안에도 치료 전과 비교하여 치료효과는 유지되었다. 하순의 위치는 치료 직후에 유의할 만한 변화를 보이지 않았다. Facemask는 유치열기 3급 부정교합에 있어서 효과적인 치료 방법이며, 안정적인 치료 결과를 위해서는 적절한 형태의 유지장치가 고려되는 것이 바람직하다.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.975-1000
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• 2014

본 연구는 국가수준 과학영재교육 기관들의 과학영재 추수관리 현황에 대한 사례연구이다. 연구 목적은 국가수준 과학영재교육 수혜자들이 세계적으로 경쟁력 있는 과학인재로 지속 성장할 수 있도록, 그들을 계속 관리, 지원하는데 토대가 될 추수관리체제 개념모델을 개발하는데 있다. 구체적으로, 과학영재를 체계적이고 효율적으로 추수관리하는 체제의 구성요소를 밝히고자 한다. 이를 위해, 우선적으로 과학영재교육 전문가 의견 수렴을 통해 가설모델(초안)을 생성하였고, 다음으로, 과학영재교육 기관의 추수관리 사례 조사를 위해 가설모델(초안)을 기본틀 및 분석틀로 활용하였다. 이 과정에서 가설모델(수정안)이 산출되었고, 이는 사례 분석으로 타당화 과정을 거치면서 개념모델로 성장, 완성되었다. 전문가 의견 수렴에는 12인의 전문가가, 그리고 추수관리 기관 사례 조사에는 6개 기관이 참여하였다. 결과, 과학영재 추수관리 체제는 3개의 상부체제-자원체제 운용체제 활용체제-로 구성되며, 각 상부체제는 2개~3개의 하부체제로 이루어진다. 즉, 자원체제는 인적정보체제와 교육정보체제로, 운용체제는 입력체제, 분석체제, 관리체제로, 마지막으로 활용체제는 예축체제, 검증체제, 그리고 개선체제로 구성되는 것이 타당한 것으로 검증되었다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.324-331
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• 2017

Background Lipedema is a condition consisting of painful bilateral increases in subcutaneous fat and interstitial fluid in the limbs with secondary lymphedema and fibrosis during later stages. Combined decongestive therapy (CDT) is the standard of care in most countries. Since the introduction of tumescent technique, liposuction has been used as a surgical treatment option. The aim of this study was to determine the outcome of liposuction used as treatment for lipedema. Methods Twenty-five patients who received 72 liposuction procedures for the treatment of lipedema completed a standardized questionnaire. Lipedema-associated complaints and the need for CDT were assessed for the preoperative period and during 2 separate postoperative follow-ups using a visual analog scale and a composite CDT score. The mean follow-up times for the first postoperative follow-up and the second postoperative follow-up were 16 months and 37 months, respectively. Results Patients showed significant reductions in spontaneous pain, sensitivity to pressure, feeling of tension, bruising, cosmetic impairment, and general impairment to quality of life from the preoperative period to the first postoperative follow-up, and these results remained consistent until the second postoperative follow-up. A comparison of the preoperative period to the last postoperative follow-up, after 4 patients without full preoperative CDT were excluded from the analysis, indicated that the need for CDT was reduced significantly. An analysis of the different stages of the disease also indicated that better and more sustainable results could be achieved if patients were treated in earlier stages. Conclusions Liposuction is effective in the treatment of lipedema and leads to an improvement in quality of life and a decrease in the need for conservative therapy.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.1129-1142
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• 2004

Purpose: This research was conducted to evaluate the effects of asystemic follow-up care program on health promotion and risk reduction in 64 high-risk infants(HRI) including premature infants and their mothers. Method: The intervention consisted of systemic NICU education, tele-counseling and 3 home visits in 6 months. The subjects were divided into either the intervention group or the control group receiving the conventional NICU education without the tele-counseling and home visiting. Infant health promotion was measured using physical assessment, types of health problems, reflexes, OPD visiting history, DDST, immunization, feeding assessment, Infant death rate, etc. Maternal self-esteem, postpartum depression and family function were measured using the maternal self-report inventory(MRI), EPDS, and family apgar score(Fapgar), retrospectively. Result: All premature infants in the intervention group were in the normal range of growth and development, and the regular vaccination schedule. The health problems in the intervention group were addressed early so not to develop into adverse effects. The follow-up program for 6 months showed beneficial effects on MRI, EPDS, and Fapgar. Conclusion: A systemic follow-up health care program is beneficial on health promotion and risk reduction in 64 HRI including premature infants and their mothers.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.269-280
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• 2003

This study was conducted to identify the effects of telephone consulting follow- up on self care behaviors and self efficacy in diabetic patients after discharge. The subjects for this study were consisted of 39 patients and twenty subjects assigned to the experimental group received the telephone consulting follow-up after discharge once a week during 4 weeks with diabetic education before discharge and nineteen subjects assigned to the control group received diabetic education before discharge without telephone consulting follow-up. The results of this study are as follows： 1. The experimental group which received the telephone consulting had higher self care behaviors scores than the control group (t＝4.92, p＝.00). 2. The experimental group which received the telephone consulting had higher self efficacy scores than the control group (t＝4.71, p＝.00). 3. The relationship between self efficacy and self care behaviors showed a significant correlation in the subjects. In conclusion, the telephone consulting follow-up improved self care behaviors and self efficacy, therefore this intervention can be effective in promoting the care of diabetic patients

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.45-57
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• 1993

The study was conducted with 27 health mangers working in manufacturing industries. The purpose of this study was to analyze the health manager's employment status, health examination, and it's follow. up health management level(about the industrial type). The results are as follows: 1. Characteristics of Manufacturing Industries: The ratio of nurse to employees is 1 : 552.6 and the percentage of physician employed was 51.9% All of the physicians were part time except one. 2. Health Examination and Follow Up ; 1) Periodic screening examinations were provided to 92.39% of the employees. Of these 11.56% required a detailed examination. Follow up on routine cases were done for 51.69%. Follow up on intensive cases were done 13.97%. 2) 62% of all employees working in hazardous conditions(noise, artificial light 74.1%) are required to receive a special health examination bi annually. Of these 96.66% were examined. 11.24% of these employees required a detailed follow up examination. 3. Relevancy between health management level, industrial type, and health manager's status 1) Health clinic operated separately except one case. Nursing activity level :. health diagnosis(0.27) Occupational condition (0.97) Health education(0.81) Health assessment(0.74) Health education level is higher at the industries working in environmental technician(P=0.017). The other's significance is not shown by any type of the staff.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.13-16
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• 2014

Background: This study assesses influences of baseline psychological risk factors on prevalence of low back pain (LBP) at baseline and follow-up among nurses. Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was performed at two phases, baseline and 1-year follow-up among 246 nurses of university hospitals in Shahroud, Iran. A standardized Cultural and Psychosocial Influences on Disability questionnaire was used for data collection. Logistic regression was performed for analysis. Results: At the baseline of the study, 58.9% of nurses reported back pain in the previous 12 months. Age (p = 0.001), belief that work causes pain (p = 0.022), and somatization tendency (p = 0.002) significantly increased risk of LBP. At 1-year follow-up, prevalence of LBP was 45.7% and expectation of back pain at baseline (p = 0.016) significantly increased risk of LBP in this phase (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Results indicate that risk factors for prevalence of back pain at baseline and 1-year follow-up are different. At baseline, the risk factors are age, belief that work causes pain, and somatization tendency, and at follow-up, expectation of pain is the major risk factor.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.36-44
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of follow-up support in the adolescent smoking cessation program. In this study, a model for an effective adolescent anti-smoking program, which includes follow-up support, is based on the method of cognitive-behavioral therapy. The study lasted for 7 weeks, while information on smoking including materials to be analyzed, were provided to the subjects. Meanwhile, the state of the smokers was studied while consultations on anti-smoking was also carried out in the 7th week. At first, the quantity of cigarettes smoked between groups made no difference, but there was an obvious difference in the rate of people who stopped smoking and in the quantity of cigarettes smoked between group I(managed for 7 weeks) ,group II (managed for only 4 weeks) and group III (not managed at all after anti-smoking class). According to the results of the study, we can conclude that the follow-up support plays a big role not only in raising the rate of success in the level of reformed smokers, but also in lowering the quantity of cigarettes smoked.