• 간호행정학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.22-32
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of emotional labor on burnout in nurses focusing the moderating effects of social intelligence and emotional intelligence. Methods: Data were collected in March 2015 by self administered questionnaires among 392 nurses in eight hospitals located in Busan, Gyeongsangnam-do. Data were analyzed by stepwise multiple regression, hierarchical multiple regression. Results: Study results shown (a) emotional labor showed a positive correlation on burnout, while social intelligence and emotional intelligence showed a negative correlation on burnout, (b) emotional labor was the most influential variable on burnout, (c) social intelligence had a negative moderating effect the relationship between emotional labor and burnout, (d) emotional intelligence had a positive moderating effect the relationship between emotional labor and burnout. Conclusion: The result of the study indicate that emotional labor of nurses is positively correlated with burnout and emotional labor is to give the greatest effect on burnout, social intelligence and emotional intelligence had a moderating effects the relationship between emotional labor and burnout.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.17-21
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• 2010

Currently miniaturized electron-optical columns find their way into electron beam lithography systems. For better lithography process, it is required to make smaller spot size and longer working distance. But, the micro-columns of the multi-beam lithography system suffer from chromatic and spherical aberration, even when the electron beam is exactly on the symmetric axis of the micro-column. The off-axis error of the electron emitting source is expected to become worse with increasing off-axis distance of the focusing spot. Especially the electron beams far from the system optical axis have a non-negligible asymmetric intensity distribution in the micro-column. In this paper, the effect of the off-axis e-beam source is analyzed. To analyze this effect is to introduce a micro-column model of which the e-beam emitting source is aligned with the center of the electron beam by shifting them perpendicular to the system optical axis. The presented solution can be used to analysis the performance of the multi-electron-beam system. The performance parameters, such as the working distances and the focusing position are obtained by the computational simulations as a function of the off-axis distance of the emitting source.

• 무역학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.161-175
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to empirically analyze the effect of cultural distance between partner firms on international joint venture performance, focusing on the moderating effects of the conflict resolution techniques and the competitive relationship between partner firms. We tested hypotheses based on joint venture firms that were surveyed which formed by equity investment between Korean and foreign firms in the manufacturing industry. The empirical analysis results of this study are as follows. First, in international joint ventures, the cultural distance between partner firms was found to have a negative effect on the international joint venture performance, and the higher the cultural distance, the lower the joint venture performance. Second, it was found that constructive conflict resolution techniques weaken the negative impact of the cultural distance between partner firms in international joint ventures on the performance of international joint ventures. Third, competitive relationship between international joint venture partners showed no moderating effect on the relationship between cultural distance and international joint venture performance.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.239-247
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• 2001

The Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorter (FACS) is a well-established instrument used for identifying, enumerating, classifying and sorting cells by their physical and optical characteristics. For a miniaturized FACS device, a disposable plastic microchip has been developed which has a hydrodynamic focusing chamber using soft lithography. As the characteristics of the spatially confined sample stream have an effect on sample throughput, detection efficiency, and the accuracy of cell sorting, systematic fluid dynamic studies are required. Flow visualization is conducted with a laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), and three-dimensional flow structure of the focused sample stream is reconstructed from 2D slices acquired at $1\mutextrm{m}$ intervals in depth. It was observed that the flow structure in the focusing chamber is skewed by unsymmetrical velocity profile arising from trapezoidal cross section of the microchannel. For a quantitative analysis of a microscopic flow structure, Confocal Micro-PIV system has been developed to evaluate the accelerated flow field in the focusing chamber. This study proposes a method which defines the depth of the measurement volume using a detection pinhole. The trajectories of red blood cells (RBCs) and their interactions with surrounding flow field in the squeezed sample stream are evaluated to find optimal shape of the focusing chamber and fluid manipulation scheme for stable cell transporting, efficient detection, and sorting

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2020

Fresnel zone plates have been widely used in many applications, such as x-ray telescopes, microfluorescence, and microimaging. To obtain an x-ray Fresnel zone plate, many fabrication methods, such as electron-beam etching, ion-beam etching and chemical etching, have been developed. Fresnel zone plates fabricated by these methods will inevitably lead to some nonideal factors, which have an impact on the focusing characteristics of the zone plate. In this paper, the influences of these nonideal factors on the focusing characteristics of the zone plate are studied systematically, by numerical simulations based on scalar diffraction theory. The influence of the thickness of a Fresnel zone plate on the absolute focusing efficiency is calculated for a given incident x-ray's wavelength. The diffraction efficiency and size of the focal spot are calculated for different incline angles of the groove. The simulations of zone plates without struts, with regular struts, and with random struts are carried out, to study the effects of struts on the focusing characteristics of a zone plate. When a Fresnel zone plate is used to focus an ultrashort x-ray pulse, the effect of zone-plate structure on the final pulse duration is also discussed.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to introduce the effect of attentional focus on performance of task. Previous studies has shown that motor learning can be enhanced by directing performers's attention to the effects of their movements(external focus), rather than to the body movement producing the effects(internal focus). Wulf and colleagues have invoked the 'constrained action hypothesis' to explain the comparative benefits of adopting an external rather than an internal focus of attention. This hypothesis proposed that when performers utilize an internal focus of attention, they may actually constrain or interfere with automatic control processes that would normally regulate the movement, whereas an external focus of attention allows the motor system to more naturally self-organize. Electromyography(EMG) was used to determine neuromuscular correlates of external versus internal focus differences. EMG activity was lower with an external relative to an internal focus. This suggest that an external focus of attention enhances movement economy, and presumably reduces 'noise' in the motor system that hampers fine movement control. Focusing on a more remote effect seems to facilitate the discriminability of the effect from the body movements that produced it and to be more beneficial than focusing on a very close effects. There might be an optimal distance of the effect, at which ti wis easily distinguishable from the body movement but at which it is also still possible for the performer to relate this effect to the movement techniques. Future Studies of motor learning of patient need to accommodate these new finding and account for the role of the learner's attentional focus and its influencing on learning.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.111-123
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• 2017

4차 산업혁명과 융복합 환경에서 본 연구는 심리적 주인의식의 매개적 역할에 주목하여, 개인의 성격특성과 셀프리더십이 직무열의와 이직의도에 미치는 영향을 검증하였다. 분석결과, 개인의 성격특성은 직무열의에 유의한 정적인 영향을 미치고 있는 반면, 이직의도에는 심리적 주인의식을 매개로 한 간접효과만 나타난 점에서 심리적 주인의식의 중요성을 확인하였다. 셀프리더십은 직무열의에 직간접적 영향을 미치고 있었고, 이직의도에는 직접적인 정적 영향과 더불어 심리적 주인의식을 매개로 한 부적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 드러났다. 또한 심리적 주인의식은 직무열의를 높이고, 이직의도를 감소시키는 영향을 확인하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 기업의 인적자원개발과 조직 관리 차원에서 실무적인 의의를 갖는다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.957-962
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• 2007

By focusing on the consumers who have experienced ethnic restaurants in Korea for the last three months, this research intends to figure out relations among utility motivation, pleasure motivation, ostentation motivation and feeling of pleasure and how they effect consumers' emotions and level of satisfaction to find out about more desirable services and characteristics for the consumers in order for the ethnic restaurants to secure more competitiveness, and to inform how they should set their aims for more success. This research limited surveyees to online consumers who have experienced ethnic restaurants in the past three months. The period of survey was from April 25 2007 to May 10 2007. For basic analysis of actual research, SPSS program was used to analyze the Cronbach a and factor analysis. And structural equation modeling analysis was used to analyze correlations and grade of effectiveness of variables proposed in the research hypothesis utilizing Window AMOS 5.0. As a result of this research, utility motivation has effect on the happiness and the other motivation has effect on the enjoyment. Enjoyment effect on the happiness and only happiness effect on the satisfaction. Satisfaction has effect on the re-visit intention. Through this research, it could proposes a strategic direction to which the increasing ethnic restaurants should develop themselves.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2018

본 연구는 융복합 시대 취업 여성장애인을 대상으로 일자리에서의 차별경험이 일 만족도에 미치는 영향에 있어 자아존중감의 매개효과를 검증하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 장애인고용개발원에서 조사한 장애인고용패널 8차년도 자료를 활용하였으며, 취업 여성장애인 549명을 대상으로 경로분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 취업 여성장애인의 일자리에서의 차별경험은 직무만족도에 부적(-)인 영향을 미치며, 자아존중감은 취업 여성장애인의 차별경험과 일 만족도 간에 매개역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 취업 여성장애인의 차별경험이 많을수록 일 만족도가 낮게 나타나는 상황에서 자아존중감의 제고를 통해 일 만족도를 높일 수 있는 다양한 프로그램을 제안하고, 취업 여성장애인의 일 만족도를 높일 수 있는 실천적 함의를 제시하였다.

• 한국노년학
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.611-629
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 노인우울 포커싱 집단프로그램 참여자들을 대상으로 이들이 경험한 프로그램경험을 살펴봄으로써 노인우울을 감소시키기 위한 효과적인 포커싱 집단프로그램 개발을 위한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 한다. 이에 본 연구는 우울을 호소하는 노인 9명을 대상으로 10주간의 노인우울 포커싱 집단프로그램에 참여한 경험에 대한 포커스그룹인터뷰를 진행하고 질적 분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 3개의 주제와 각각 3개의 범주, 각 범주에 걸쳐 3개의 하위범주가 도출되었다. 첫 번째 주제는 프로그램의 효과로 3개의 범주로 나뉜다. 범주1) 우울감 감소 효과, 범주2) 자각증진과 존중 및 수용의 경험, 범주3) 실생활에서의 변화. 두 번째 주제는 프로그램에 대한 기대와 어려움으로 다음과 같이 3개의 범주로 나뉜다. 범주1) 프로그램에 대한 기대, 범주2) 프로그램에 대한 어려움, 범주3) 개인적 어려움. 세 번째 주제는 프로그램의 활성화를 위한 방안으로 다음과 같이 3개의 범주로 나뉜다. 범주1) 다른 프로그램과의 차별성, 범주2) 프로그램의 개선, 범주3) 프로그램 이후의 방향. 이러한 연구 결과를 중심으로 노인우울 포커싱 집단프로그램의 효과를 구체적으로 살펴보고 이를 활성화하기 위한 논의가 제시되었다.