• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2010

This study explored the differences in gender, developmental period and parents in terms of parenting, the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships in parenting by gender, and the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between participant roles in bullying situations and parenting by gender. The subjects were 498 4-5th grade children and the instruments utilized in this study were the Parental Bonding Instrument (Bowers, Smith, & Binney, 1994) and the Participant Roles Scale (Sutton & Smith, 1999). The subjects were contacted again one year after the first contact. Results showed that the relationships between parents were longitudinally quite stable. Girls whose fathers had higher levels of accurate monitoring were more likely to be defenders cross-sectionally. Girls whose parents had more accurate monitoring were less likely to be victims longitudinally. The results underscore the importance of examining both gender and participant roles in bullying situations.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.345-358
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• 2003

Jindong bay at the northwestern part of Jinhae bay suffers from the occurrence of red tides in summer every year. In order to study the management methods of coastal environments, an ecological numerical model has been developed. The model experiments was forecasted that the load of nutrients from the land and field concentration will be cut down per 10% each. When we cut down 57.2% nitrogen load in the inner bay and 38.4% phosphorous load in the outer bay of bottom layer of the nutrients load from land and field concentration, the seawater quality standard levels up first grade. When we cut down 86.5% nutrients in the inner bay and 93.0% nutrients in the outer bay, the concentration of chlorophyll a decreases below 3.2 $\mu\textrm{g}$/(equation omitted)(an individual concentration of phytoplankton : 10,000cel1/ml), i.e. the red tides do not occur.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.59 no.5
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• pp.533-536
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• 2016

Pilocytic astrocytomas (PAs) are World Heath Organization Grade I tumors and are most common in children. PA calcification is not a common finding and has been reported more frequently in the optic nerve, hypothalamic/thalamus and superficially located cerebral tumors. We present a cerebellar PA in a 3-year-old male patient with cystic components and massive calcification areas. The residual tumor grew rapidly after the first operation, and the patient was operated on again. A histopathological examination revealed polar spongioblastoma-like cells. Massive calcification is not a common feature in PAs and can lead to difficulties in radiological and pathological differential diagnoses.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.48-52
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• 2008

Ectopic Hamartomatous thymoma(EHT) is a rare benign tumor that occurs mainly in the supraclavicular or suprasternal area. Since this entity was first reported by Smith et al. in 1982, less than 50 cases have been reported in the literature. Recognition of EHT is important and needs to be differentiated from high-grade sarcomas such as synovial sarcoma or malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor because EHT follows a benign clinical course. We experienced a case of ectopic hamartomatous thymoma in the suprasternal area in a 53-year-old man. Here, we present the case with a review of the related literatures.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.198-202
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• 2020

A 30-year-old woman with Grade III hemorrhoid complained of excruciating pain that continued for several hours, especially with defecation. She was not able to frequent the clinic due to COVID-19 shutdowns, therefore additional treatment using acupoint electrical stimulation (AES) was self-administered. She administered AES bilaterally on BL57 and LR10 for fifteen minutes before each defecation as a preconditioning treatment. She assessed her pain using a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) during defecation, and 3 hours later. The patient initially complained of pain rating 9 on the NRS. After the first session of AES, the pain dropped to 5. On one-month follow-up, the pain was at 3 and the patient was able to terminate all treatment. Self-administered AES preconditioning at BL57 and LR10 can be used to reduce extreme cases of hemorrhoid pain.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.389-391
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• 2005

We report a case of T4 bursting fracture with paraparesis that recovered by posterior approach. A 47-year-old man presented with paraparesis (grade III) which had progressed rapidly after motor cycle accident. After sacrificing the T4 nerve root (right), posterior interbody fusion using cage following T4 corpectomy and T3-4, T4-5 discectomy was performed. After operation, lower extremities motor power improved and he could walk after one month. And this is the first report of posterior approach using cage by corpectomy and two level discectomy in case of upper thoracic burst fracture in Korea.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.87-97
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• 2019

Data mining technology is applied to various fields because it is a technique for analyzing vast amount of data and finding useful information. In this paper, we propose a big data analysis method that uses Apriori algorithm, which is a data mining technique, to find the related factors that have negative and positive influences on school adjustment. Among Korea Child and Youth Panel Survey(KCYPS), data related to adjustment to school life and data showing parental inclinations were extracted from the data of fourth grade elementary school students, first year middle school students, and high school freshman students, respectively and we have mapped the useful association rules among them. As a result, the factors affecting school adjustment were different according to the timing of the growth process, we were able to find interesting rules by looking for connections between rules. On the other hand, the factors that positively influenced school adjustment were not significantly different from each other, and overall, they were associated with positive variables.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.274-278
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• 2021

An 11-year-old, intact female, Miniature Poodle presented with an abdominal mass. The abdominal mass was located around the right fifth mammary gland. The surgically removed mammary mass was subjected to histopathological examination. Based on the microscopic interpretation, a final diagnosis of an intermediate grade infiltrative mammary comedocarcinoma was established. Computed tomography for metastasis evaluation after surgical resection of the tumor showed enlarged right medial iliac and right inguinal lymph nodes, and a micronodule in the accessory lung lobe, suggesting metastasis of the mammary gland tumor. Doxorubicin, a chemotherapeutic drug, was administered six times at three week intervals. However, despite chemotherapy, the masses around the fourth and fifth mammary gland on the right side enlarged in size, and the treatment was discontinued at the request of the owner. The anticancer response to mammary comedocarcinoma is poor and the patient is in hospice management. This is the first attempt to treat a case of canine mammary comedocarcinoma in South Korea.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.12-19
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• 2023

With the introduction of the accreditation of engineering programs in Korea, universities affiliated with the programs have opened introductory engineering design courses for first- or second-year students. Since these courses mainly aim at cultivating problem-solving skills through team projects, this type of classes has opened as face-to-face classes. However, from the beginning of 2020, online teaching was recommended or forced on universities due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, effective design of online courses on introductory engineering design was inevitable during the period. In this paper, we introduce a case study of the course in the Department of Computer Science at S University in Fall 2021. Through concrete suggestions on project areas, selection of team members considering grade levels and interest, several systems for prevention of free riding, and carefully designed open-book exams, the course resulted in both high achievements and high satisfaction.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.1256-1271
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• 2004

The importance of science attitudes is more increasing in science education. Science attitudes may influence students' attainment, consistency and quality of classwork as well as their later views of science education and scientific occupations. According to the international comparative researches and longitudinal studies on Korean students' science attitudes, it has shown that the more grade, the less science attitude. This research was survey the science attitudes and learning environment variables, and then make a inquiry that causes of decline of science attitudes. To study this purpose, the participating students in this study will be selected from 3th to 11th grade. 6,925 participants were administered 3 times in questionnaires of science attitudes and learning environment variables during a year. The result of this study showed that science attitude got low after June. Science attitude was changed from 4th grade to 8th grade students. Science attitude much more decrease second semester than first semester, high school students' science attitude fell much. It was experience about science that cause the biggest effect in science attitude and other learning environment variables influence in science attitude change. Learning environment variables made different influence from students of increased and declined science attitude. As category that influence in science attitude, in elementary school were gender, area and grade, in middle school were grade and area, and in high school was area.