• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.67-77
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• 2020

Purpose: The study aims to improve the quality of emergency medical services by surveying the user's satisfaction of 119 emergency medical services nationwide. Methods: From December 21 to December 27 each year from 2015 to 2017 a total of 5,889 people were surveyed by phone call in fire station. Results: The average degree of satisfaction with the emergency medical services was 4.17±0.70, with 85.1% respondents reporting being 'satisfied'. Factors like being a patient, injuries, residential area, and scene arrival time affected satisfaction. From 2015 to 2017, the satisfaction degree decreased every year, with factors affecting this results including "first aid guidance of phone call" and "rapidity of emergency medical services." The highest satisfaction factors were 'friendly acting of emergency medical services' and 'appropriate offer of emergency medical services', while the lowest satisfaction factors were 'first aid guidance of phone call' and 'adequacy of emergency medical team'. Conclusion: The quality of emergency medical services needs to be improved by managing the quality of phone call first aid guidance and the assignment of adequate emergency medical teams to increase user satisfaction.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.364-375
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to suggest a direction for consumer-oriented curriculum development by analyzing the priorities of subjects and their preference for educational methods. Methods: The participants included 773 management supervisors and education practitioners in the workplace, and a survey was conducted from April 17 to August 30, 2019. Frequency analysis, t-test, Borich's Needs Analysis, and Locus for Focus Model analysis were performed using Microsoft Excel 2019 and IBM SPSS 21.0. Results: The highest perceived priorities for education subjects were as follows: ① 'CPR and First Aid Practice' and 'Occupational Disaster Prevention and First Aid Basics' in the manufacturing industry; and ② 'Emotional Labor and Job Stress Prevention', 'Occupational Disaster Prevention and First Aid basics, and 'Musculoskeletal Disorder Prevention' in the service industry. 'Collective education' was the most preferred method of education. 'School-type' was preferred for the seating arrangement, and the proper number of trainees was considered to be about 30. Respondents said the contents of the education was a top priority when they applied for education, and curriculum and appropriate textbooks should be considered in calculating the cost of education. Conclusions: Practical subjects and subjects related to major hazards by industry were required for management supervisor education. It was proposed in this study that the contents and operating methods of education be changed so that workers can easily comprehend essential subjects such as the Occupational Safety and Health Act. In conclusion, it is necessary to design the curriculum and apply educational methods suitable for each subject's characteristics in consideration of the priorities for subjects reflected in the needs of trainees.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.129-143
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the current status of school safety education and the differences in knowledge and practice of middle school students. Methods: A structured questionnaire was distributed to 418 middle school students in J province. The questionnaires consisted of 35 questions on the status of school safety education as well as the four school safety education domains of first aid, disaster safety, traffic safety, and daily life. Data were analyzed using frequency analysis, cross-tabulation analysis, a t-test, analysis of variance, and Pearson's correlations. Results: Awareness regarding the top seven standards for school safety and interest in school safety education were both relatively low. Among all the different kinds of safety accidents, those related to school violence(33.8%) and life safety(24.9%) were experienced the most in school. A more pleasant school life and better peer relationships led to interest in school safety(p=.000)(p=.000), awareness regarding the top seven standards for school safety(p=.022)(p=.009), adoption of coping measures(p=.000)(p=.000), and practice(p=.000)(p=.000) in case of safety accidents(p=.000)(p=.000). Conclusion: To increase awareness regarding the seven standards for school safety education and raise interest in safety education, it is necessary to cultivate experts and actively utilize them and to prepare systematic and continuous school safety education programs.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.97-104
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• 1998

Burns in children result in the loss of precious life, or if the child survives, in much suffering from physical, emotional, social, and economic problems. These burn accidents to children happen in the bustle of family life and frequently without any warning. With this background information, this study was designed to identity types of burns in children and mothers' attitudes towards, and knowledge of burn prevention, in order, to not only, in still a safety consciousness regarding the seriousness of burn accidents and the strengthening prevention, but also as basic data towards the development of an educational program aimed at prevention. From May 1 to May 25 in 1997, data were collected from the mothers of children attending five day care centers and kindergartens located in Seoul, which had been selected for the study. The tools used for the study, which were developed by the researchers, surveyed the type of burns suffered by children, mothers' knowledge of burns and attitudes toward burn accidents. The data were analyzed through real numbers percentages and analysis was done using SPSS computer programs. The results of the study show that the most frequent type of burn accidents were those caused by hot water(55.4%) and these were frequently related to everyday habits that easily lead to danger. Further, the first aid treatment following a burn was weak. The majority of the mothers had not instructed their children on who to contact in the case of a fire, first aid for burns, or how to take escape in the case of a fire. This left the children in a defenseless position in case of a fire. The mothers showed a lack knowledge, on what to do when a blaze is discovered, how to put out a fire, first aid for burns, escaping from a fire and appropriate water temperature, in that 50% of the time they answered incorrectly. From this study a prevention program, HIPP (Home Injury Prevention Program) could be developed that includes fire prevention habits and first aid for burns. This program can be used with kindergarten and elementary school children for group education on fire prevention and can be used as a foundation for construction of a system of facilities and equipment to prevent fires and also prevent injury from fires.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.239-253
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• 2020

본 연구는 노인요양시설과 노인요양공동생활가정 요양보호사의 업무특성에 맞는 응급상황대처능력을 강화시키기 위한 응급교육프로그램을 개발하는데 기초자료로 활용하고자 실시한 조사연구이다. 자료수집은 S 및 G지역 노인요양시설과 노인요양공동생활가정을 대상으로 2020년 7.10~8.15 실시하였으며, 최종 236부를 분석에 사용하였다. 자료는 χ² 검정, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient로 분석하였다. 연구결과 응급상황 경험은 시설군 68.9%, 공생군 50.7%로 두군간에 차이가 있고(χ²=8.42, p=.004), 응급처치 담당자는 시설군 간호(조무)사 55.3%, 공생군 시설장 42.7%였으며, 두군간에 차이를 보였고(χ²=27.84, p<.001), 응급처치 경험은 시설군 56.5%, 공생군 68.0%, 응급처치 항목은 시설군 해열처치, 복약도움, 하임리히법, 공생군 119 및 보호자 연락, 해열처치, 하임리히법순으로 실시하였다. 응급처치 지식은 시설군 11.60±2.09점, 공생군 9.08±2.28점으로 집단간 차이가 있었고(t=8.39, p<.001), 응급상황대처능력은 시설군 52.94±5.27점, 공생군 47.33±4.39점으로 두집단 간 차이를 보였다(t=8.00, p<.001). 또 시설군에서 응급상황 경험과 응급상황대처능력 간에 양의 상관관계가 있었다. 본 연구결과 시설과 공생 요양보호사가 경험한 응급상황 경험 및 응급지식, 응급상황대처능력에 유의한 차이가 있음이 확인되었으므로 규모별 기관특성에 맞는 응급교육을 개발하여 적용해보는 것이 중요하다고 생각된다.

• 의료법학
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.105-124
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• 2023

현대 사회는 뜻밖의 사고와 위험 상황으로 불안정한 환경에 직면하고 있다. 예를 들어 분당 다리 붕괴사고와 이태원 압사사고 등이 그 예가 될 것이다. 이와 함께 급성심정지나 뇌졸중과 같은 중대한 응급상황이 발생하였을 때, 신속한 조치와 전문 의료 기관으로의 원활한 이송이 필요한 경우 또한 빈번하게 발생하고 있다. 이러한 위험 요소에 대응하기 위해 국가는 국민의 생명과 안전을 보호하기 위한 다양한 시스템을 구축하고 있는데, 119구급대는 응급 의료 시스템 중 핵심적인 역할을 수행한다. 중대한 외상 환자나 중증 질환 환자의 응급 상황에 즉각적으로 대응하여 손상을 최소화하고, 응급의료 기관으로 신속하게 이송하여 전문적인 치료를 제공함으로써 환자의 생명과 안전을 보호하는 것이 그 목표이다. 이와 관련된 핵심 활동이 구급활동인 것이다. 특히, 119구급시스템은 응급 환자의 병원 이송을 책임지는 핵심 기관이나, 구급대원들은 업무수행 중 구급활동 방해 사례에 여전히 직면하고 있다. 이러한 방해 사례는 경찰의 협조 노력에도 불구하고 줄어들지 않고 있고, 구급활동은 공무집행 방해죄와 유사한 특성을 지니며, 응급의료 시스템 내에서 근무하는 응급의료 종사자에 대한 폭행 및 장비 파손과 같은 사례와도 유사한 형태를 보인다. 따라서 119구급시스템을 포함한 응급 의료 활동을 수행하는 과정에서 발생하는 방해 문제에 대한 심층적인 이해와 개선 노력이 필요하다. 이러한 문제에 대한 해결책은 "소방기본법"과 "119구조·구급에 관한 법률"을 중심으로 구급활동 방해죄의 조건을 정립하고 개선하는 것이다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.33-46
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• 2013

The present study aims to provide an analytical framework for achieving aid and development effectiveness of agricultural cooperation with a demand-oriented perspective. This paper pays particular attention to categorize the stages of agricultural development of African recipients to identify demands for agricultural aid of the categorized groups. To do so, first of all, it establishes theoretical background to apply the demand-oriented concept and utilize the phase of agricultural development as an alternative for aid and development effectiveness. On the basis of the theoretical robustness, it conducts a series of analyses to categorize the African recipients by the development stages, incorporating factor analysis, cluster analysis and comparison between the present-future agricultural development levels. The findings propose analysis indicators for phase of agricultural development and clustered results including 18 countries of KAFACI members and priority countries in Africa. In addition to the practical application of the results, the methodological flow can be used as steps for sketching a future roadmap to construct the demand-oriented ODA(Official Development Assistance) plan. This paper also offers implications regarding ODA strategy of Korea in response to the phase of agricultural development and the aid demands.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 저 전력 시스템에 적합한 고정 소수점 연산기로 구현된 다중 채널 디지털 보청기 알고리즘의 최적화 기법을 제시한다. 먼저 입력 신호를 고속 MDCT(modified discrete cosine transform) 방법을 사용하여 주파수 대역 분할함으로써 알고리듬의 복잡도를 최소화 하였고, MDCT 출력을 비선형 대역 분할 과정을 거쳐 채널별 그룹핑을 한 다음, 각 채널 신호를 난청인의 청각 손실 정도에 따라 구성한 라우드니스 보상 함수(loudness compensation function: LCF)표를 이용하여 이득을 조절하고, 최종적으로 TDAC 기법을 구현하는 IMDCT(Inverse MDCT) 변환을 거쳐 보상된 출력을 합성한다. 모든 과정은 16비트 정수 연산으로 구현되며, 이득을 계산하기 위해 측정되는 로그 단위의 연산 과정은 미리 계산된 테이블과 고속 탐색 알고리듬을 이용하여 구현된다. 구성된 보청기 알고리즘의 성능을 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통해 평가하였다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제32권1D호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2012

국가가 운영하는 119 구조 구급 출동서비스는 응급상황에서 인간의 생명과 직결되는 매우 중요한 사회적 응급 운송시스템이며, 고령화 사회로의 급속한 전이를 보이는 우리나라의 현 사회구조를 비추어 볼 때 그 중요성은 더욱 커져가고 있다. 특히 긴급차량의 사고현장 도착시간은 환자의 초등 조치에 영향을 미치는 중요한 변수이며, 출동서비스 센터의 위치, 사고 현장까지의 접근성 등 도로네트워크 속성에 따라 영향을 받을 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 경상북도의 구조 구급활동자료를 바탕으로 119 긴급차량의 도착지체 및 출동배치의 효율성을 분석하고자 하였다. 먼저 구조 구급서비스의 출동분포 특성을 살피고, 구조 구급서비스 시설, 도로 네트워크의 위치정보가 주어진 상태에서 GIS의 공간분석을 활용하여 구조 구급서비스 시설의 일정 반경에 포함되지 않는 사고다발지역(사각지역)과 국가교통 DB상의 도로네트워크 입력속도, 실제 구조 구급일지 상의 현장 도착시간을 각각 입력 값으로 하는 긴급차량 도착지체 지역을 GIS 맵으로 표출하였다. 또한 출동거리가 10km 넘는 원거리 출동빈도가 높은 구조구급 서비스시설의 출동배치 효율성을 분석하고, GIS의 OD 네트워크 분석을 이용하여 도로네트워크상 최단거리에 위치한 서비스시설에서 출동이 이루어지도록 구조 구급서비스망을 개선하였다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the magnitude of and the factors associated with the downward mobility of first-episode psychiatric patients. Methods: This study used the claims data from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. The study population included 19 293 first-episode psychiatric inpatients diagnosed with alcohol use disorder (International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision [ICD-10] code F10), schizophrenia and related disorders (ICD-10 codes F20-F29), and mood disorders (ICD-10 codes F30-F33) in the first half of 2005. This study included only National Health Insurance beneficiaries in 2005. The dependent variable was the occurrence of downward mobility, which was defined as a health insurance status change from National Health Insurance to Medical Aid. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess factors associated with downward drift of first-episode psychiatric patients. Results: About 10% of the study population who were National Health Insurance beneficiaries in 2005 became Medical Aid recipients in 2007. The logistic regression analysis showed that age, gender, primary diagnosis, type of hospital at first admission, regular use of outpatient clinic, and long-term hospitalization are significant predictors in determining downward drift in newly diagnosed psychiatric patients. Conclusions: This research showed that the downward mobility of psychiatric patients is affected by long-term hospitalization and medical care utilization. The findings suggest that early intensive intervention might reduce long-term hospitalization and the downward mobility of psychiatric patients.