• 복식
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.96-108
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• 2009

This study is made on the royal lady's dress In late Joseon dynasty according to the King Heon-jong and Lady Kyung-bin's Wedding Diary in the year of Jung-mi(1847) and summarised as follows: Girls' full dress was a set of a red skirt, a violet undo. jacket, and a light yellow jacket and a green Gyeon-ma-gi(a kind of top jacket) with he. hair Saeng-meo-ri hanging Do-tu-rak-daeng-gi(a kind of hair ribbon). At the big ceremony, girls wore a green Dang-ui instead of Gyeon-ma-gi. A girl picked up as a royal concubine wore a green Won-sam, which was decorated with gilt letters meaning longevity, patched emblems of gilt letter meaning longevity on the breast and on the back, belted with Bong-dae(a red sash with gilt phoenexes), like a princess's full dress. At the Kyung-bin's installation of Crown Princess and her first greeting ceremony with royal elders, she wore a green Won-sam as a formal dress, which had an embroidered emblem of phoenix, the belt with crystal ornaments, Pae-ok(佩玉), Kyu(圭) of blue jade, Shou(綬) with an phoenix. At a Dong-wrae-yun(drinking ceremony after bride and bridegroom's bowing to each other), she wore the embroidered red Jang-sam as a formal dress. Kyung-bin wore a purple Won-sam with Bong-dae as a full dress for a royal feast. According to the occasions, the same dress was differentiated with ornaments and rotors. Ji-keum-bal was an attire for ordinary ceremony. The attire was equipped with a woven gold green Dang-ui with an emblem of phoenix, a blue gilt underskirt and a red gilt overskirt. No-ui was worn as outdoor clothes. Jang-sam was worn by various classes, so it was differentiated with materials and names according to her class.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.245-249
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• 2005

Various surgical procedures have been described for treating osmidrosis axillare. Elimination of the apocrine glands is prime goal. Optimal operative procedure is characterized as follows: minimal axillary scar(which has cosmetic merits), less complications such as hematoma and seroma, short and less painful recuperating period, minimal damage to the skin and low recurrence rate. Three types of incision technique in subdermal shaving method have beeb commoly used. First, single incision method has an advantage of minimal scarring but more recurrence due to incomplete removal of apocrine glands may occur. Second, double incision technique(Bipedicled flap) has advantages of complete excision, low recurrence rate and relatively minimal scarring, but it could cause frequent necrosis of skin and folding of skin flap. Skoog's method is the third method, which makes four flaps by offset cruciate incisions. It is a better technique in aspect of complete excision of apocrine glands and low recurrence rate but has disadvantages such as development of hypertrophic scar or scar contracture in the line that lies perpendicular to natural axillary skin crease. We used a modified procedure which has shorter length in vertical and transverse incision compared with the classic Skoog's method. We dissected further subcutaneous tissue through the diamond-shaped incision and utilize wide operation field that provide adequate excision of subdermal tissue and proper hemostasis. Between 1999 and 2004, we operated 160 osmidrosis axillare in 80 patients in this technique. Most patients obtained satisfactory result with very low complications. Hematoma or seroma 3.1% Infection 0.6% Partial wound disruption 10% Recurrence 1.2%. Modified Skoog's method for treating osmidrosis axillae could be a optimal technique providing wide operation field for adequate excision of apocrine glands and proper hemostasis and leaving relatively inconspicuous scar and low incidence of scar contracture.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.99-113
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to compare the social image and the external image of a Korean woman in 1970s and find out that the make-up can provide an important clue to examine the image of a woman in a given period. The research scope covered 10 top news of the daily newspapers and articles of women's magazines. A focus was made to an analysis on words and photos from them. The relationship of each image scale was examined by comparing the linguistic image scale and the visual image scale. The results were as follows : First, a frugal and tidy image. It was the look of our tidy, simple, traditional and classic woman. Second, an image of a cute and pure lady of refined manners. In 1970s, women were supposed to be 'a loving wife', a cultured female image with a faithful role of a 'wise mother' and a lady of refined manners as the best value. Third, a frivolous and decadent image. Double-faced image of a woman which included the women, who had to live as the lady of refined manners during the daytime and seductive woman during the night. Fourth, an image of a contemporary working woman. It was the image as a chic, confident and dignified working woman requested by the society of the times. Namely, it can be understood that women had a make-up of a soft and gorgeous tone as an expression of a will to keep a confident and female aspect in the course of working in the society by the women experiencing 1970s, the turbulent period. Consequently, it is possible to understand that the make-up was utilized as a means to express an ideal beauty of the time pursuant to the historical background or feature.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.133-158
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to try to date the letters of Lady Susan and to find out which year's calender Jane Austen used to write the novel. The novel in forty-one letters with a brief narrated conclusion was transcribed as a fair copy by Jane Austen around 1805. However, no conclusive evidence for a precise date of composition exists, as only the fair copy survives. There is a watermark of 1805 on two leaves of the surviving manuscript of the transcribed copy. This indicates the period of the work's transcription but it does not indicate when it was first composed beyond suggesting that it was completed sometime before 1805. In the novel itself Jane Austen marked time sufficiently and frequently enough to allow us to follow it precisely. This strongly suggests that Jane Austen used a calender to write letters of the novel, even though dates and days were not given to the letters. To determine the most probable date of the calender is significant because it can be a clue to clarify when the novel was composed originally. Many words and phrases pointing to specific days or periods are mentioned in almost all the letters of the novel. From the words and phrases, a potential date to each letter can be successfully deduced and a potential possible calender for the novel can be made. In the end, all attempts to determine the authentic calender used for the novel fail. The main reason for the failure is that discovering clues to a specific authentic date to each letter proves internally impossible. Composition date of the novel still remains as a challenge requiring further study.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.169-171
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• 2003

Sodium, potassium, calcium, zinc and magnesium levels in the serum of 31 patients diagnosed as acute myocardial infarction were analyzed on admission (within 24 Hours) and after 48 hours. The results were compared with those of 26 age matched controls. No significant difference was observed in the mean sodium, potassium, calcium and zinc levels between the cases and controls. Compared to the controls, however, the variation in the level of magnesium is highly significant at the time of admission as well as after 48 hours. When the risk factors like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking and alcohol were considered, it is found that there is no significant difference between the risk groups as well as between the patients. The alteration in magnesium level in acute myocardial infarction is independent of these risk factors. Within the first 24 hours, the significant decrease in serum magnesium (35-51％ fall when compared with the control group), correlates with its entry into the cell following ischemia. From this hypomagnesemic state, it rises to 9-22 times after 48 hours. This hyper-magnesemia after 45 hours is probably due to the shift of magnesuim from the intracellular fluid compartment to the extracellular fluid compartment that follows cellular recovery. Therefore, including magnesium in the immediate management of acute myocardial infarction will be beneficial in the early recovery.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2018년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.45-45
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• 2018

We had already reported the successful germination for green pods of purple lady's slipper orchid (Cypripedium macranthos Sw.). The green pod methods is to take immature seeds in green capsules, sterilize the capsule, and take out the sterile seeds. This method, however, needs very critical time of harvest. The critical time of seed harvest changes depending upon the species, condition of the specimen, and climatic influence, and the right time lies between 5 and 12 weeks after fertilization. In this study, the mature seeds were collected after 120-130 days with hand-polination of lady's slipper orchids. Mature seeds are usually dormant and it has to be overcome, either with hormone or storing the seeds near freezing for two or three months to break dormancy. The seeds were first surface sterilized with 70% ethanol and then transferred 1% NaOCl for 10-15 minutes, followed by rinses 3 times with sterilized distilled water. The cypripedium seeds consists of an embryo within a seed coat known as a testa. The testa is water repellent and the seed has a large air space between the embryo and testa so the seed tends to float on water. We had resolved the problems with vacuum pump to soak water into the testa before sterilization. The seeds were placed on liquid or agar solidified germination media. Cultures were incubated at $24{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ in dark. The seeds were germinated in 6-8 weeks in liquid suspension culture (germination percentage over 18%); however, the seeds on agar solidified media took more than 5 months to germinate and the germination percentage less than 5%. The most effective media for liquid culture was 1/4 strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 50 ml/l coconut water ($4brix^{\circ}$) at pH 5.8.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제84권
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• pp.99-123
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• 2017

본 연구는 여성주의적 시각으로 영화 <죽여주는 여자>가 구성하는 공간을 헤테로토피아의 개념으로 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 젠더, 계급, 연령, 국가, 섹슈얼리티, 민족, 직업의 정치학이 상호 교차하면서 다음과 같은 공간을 구성하였다. 첫째, 나이 듦과 죽음이 교차하는 공간이다. 요양 병원, 달동네 쪽방촌, 북한산 바위, 호텔, 교도소 등을 통해 구성되는 이 공간은 죽음에 대한 역설과 모순을 불러일으키면서 죽음에 작동하는 가부장적 시선에 이의를 제기한다. 둘째, 밥벌이로서의 성매매 노동 공간으로 싸구려 여관과 녹음 짙은 야외 공원으로 대비되는 장소들이다. 낡은 여관방은 가부장적 성규범 사회에서 보호받지 못하는 '성매매 여성' 소영이 늙은 몸이 되면서 비체화되고 타자화되는 순간을 드러낸다. 셋째, 끊임없이 소환되는 모성 공간은 자식을 버린 죄책감에서 벗어나지 못한 소영의 일상을 통해 구성된다. 민호에 대한 과한 돌봄과 남성노인들에 대한 과도한 연민은 모성 결핍과 연결되면서, 모성 집착의 서사는 영화 내 다른 시선들과 충돌한다. 넷째, '다문화 소수자 유사가족 공간'은 이태원을 중심으로 경계 바깥의 구성원들이 모여 사는 공간이다. 이곳은 이성애 기반의 혈연 중심 '정상 가족'의 동질성에 균열을 내고 정상성 바깥의 섹슈얼리티를 가시화시키는 이질적 공간이다. 다섯째, 하위주체로서의 소영의 말하기 공간이다. 하위주체인 소영의 영화적 재현이 '말 걸기'라면 영화 텍스트 내에서 소영은 '말하기'의 주체로서 적극적으로 응대한다.

• 복식
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• 제25권
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• pp.5-20
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• 1995

The fashion of late Yi dynasty had explored a possibility of new fashional beauty from its own experiences throughout the history of Korean fashion excluding any interference of foreign fashions, and brought out some characteristics ; first, the aesthetical value focused on the more human fashion resulted in the exposure of waist. This aesthetical change in the fashion of late Yi dynasty produced out results as follows ; the length and width of jacket became short and narrow maintaining the basic form, while the width of skirt became increased to be contrasted exceptionally with the upper coat. This mode of fashion reveals the transitional movement from the emphasis on balance to that on unbalance in the late period of Yi dynasty. But regarding the fact that the proportional change by the ways of putting on skirt became to be similar to the golden ratio, we can see many examples throughout the folk paintings by Shin Yun bok, we find that the fashional beauty of that age pursued ideal harmony and unity all the time being in spite of its tendency toward non-refinement. Second, we see another peculiarity in the mode of woman's fashion from the paintings by Shin Yun-bok who always depicted the hu-man nature frankly. For example, the jacket became shorter to emphasize lady's slim waist, and underwears began to be exposed after the upper part of skirt had been to expose lady's waist while the bottom line pulled up highter than before. Thus, as the function of robe had changed from a mere means of covering into an expression of beauty, the fashion of late Yi dynasty began to express a perfectly new beauty possessing an erotic mood and sensu-ality of a woman, which was its inner aesthetic need. Third, this emergence of new fashional beauty made the mental value of man and the aesthetic views of that time quite different from the previous ones, and finally there came various expressions of a new beauty. There-fore, the woman's fashion of late Yi dynasty is noted for the exposure and emphasis on the body line of a woman after the aesthetic view-point had changed of time toward pragmatism and humanism, while upholding the traditions of Korean clothes and pride for the nation. And our ancestors realized very Korean fashional beauty by pursuing the expressional ways of gentle, indirect emphasis upon the feminine and natural beauty to exclude and ar-tificial, direct and straightforward exposures and images.

• 복식
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• 제65권7호
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• pp.47-59
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• 2015

This paper studies the conservation treatment of Lady Shim's costume, which was excavated in Jecheon Province in 2012. There were the significant problems, which were encountered in the treatment of the costume ; First the Jeogoris were transformed during the excavation, Second fibers were seriously deteriorated, Third most of the fabrics such as Chusa were readily deformed. To overcome these problems and to secure stability in the conservation treatment, we decided to alternate between two different washing methods ; dry cleaning by n-hexane and wet cleaning by water. The costume shape was recovered by steaming and by swelling with Hanji(Korean traditional paper). The combined cleaning method proved to be relatively efficient and stable. In addition, the shape of Chusa was well preserved by dry cleaning.(using n-hexane also solved the problem of bad smell after washing with organic solvents.) The effects of the conservation treatment on the excavated costumes could be seen in the change of Lab color difference. Washing made the distribution of Lab color difference narrower, which may suggest that the impurities on the fiber was removed by washing. In addition, the value of L was greater than a-value and b-value after the treatment. This result indicates that the change of value represents the change of color difference by cleaning.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.63-78
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to compare the style of clothing by type of the Goguryeo and Xianbei Tribe based on the examination of the literature centered on the historical relationship between Goguryeo and Xianbei Tribe. The research results are as follows. First, it was found that both the apparels of Goguryeo and Xianbei Tribe had hemp cloth with the V-neckline with the blocked front part and hemp cloth with the open front that is worn by overlapping the straight collars of the upper garment. Both men and women wore the garment of the straight line collar that is worn by folding towards the left or right, or upper garment of the round shaped collar. Women wore an upper garment with short sleeves on top of the upper garment of Korean traditional clothes while men wore pants for the lower garment, and women wore skirt and apron with triangular cloth decoration on top of the skirt. Second, Goguryeo Anak Tomb No. 3 mural painting(year 357) shows that apparel worn by the lady who is the wife of the owner of the tomb is similar to the apparel worn by the lady in the lacquer painting for folding screen of the Sima Jinlong Tomb ancient painting on the woman of chaste reputation in terms of the form and structure.