• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 1996.11a
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• pp.10-14
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• 1996

Followings are the analysis of 578 fire accidents occurred at Specific Building In 1995. Fire frequency had been slightly decresed since 1992. In regional, fire accidents in Seoul and Ulsan were higher than the average. Occupational fire frequency order was apartment, factory, buildings over six stories and market place. In addition, the order of life loss was buildings over six stories, apartment and factory. And property loss totaled six times higher than that of Fire Department. Among the causes of fire, electrical fire formed 44.8%, from which we can assume that there were some problems in the investigation of fire causes.

• Fire Protection Technology
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• s.21
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• pp.5-12
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• 1996

An experimental investigation has been made with the objcetive of studying the effects of air entrainment of fire strength. A rich jet flame is considered as an fire, and fire, and the air entrainment is controlled by introducing the tone excitation which is generated by means of a loudspeaker-driven cavity. The excitation frequency is chosen for the resonant frequency identified as a pipe resonance due to acoustic excitation. As the excitation intensity increases, the amplitude of oscillating velocity for inducing air entrainment is increased, the flame height decreased and the structure of diffusion flame gradually transformed to that of premixed flame.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.60-65
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• 2013

From an accident at 2:00 a.m. in November 2nd, 2012 that one fire-fighter died while suppressing the E land World Inc. Fire in Bupyeong-Gu, Incheon, we concluded the problem and the improvement method of using the wireless communication (the two-way radio) that the fire safety officer and the safety crew use when identifying the safety of the fire scene. And after the investigation, we could find that the communication between the fire safety officer and the safety crew was difficult in the scene of the fire by voice because of much noise, so they could rely solely on the wireless communication. Therefore, we investigated the wireless communication and its frequency now used in Incheon Fire Safety Devision. Also, we compared with those of the military and the police. As a result, by making use of the wireless communication and its frequency currently possessed in Incheon Fire Safety Division, we found that the fire safety officer and the safety crew rescuing people at the risk of their own life in the various fire scene can communicate effectively.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.150-162
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• 2011

For the period between 1991 and 2009, the annual average of 448 forest fires occurred in Korea. Above all, approximately 94% of the total fires frequently occurred during the spring and fall seasons. Therefore, we need to minimize the damage of forest fire and manage them systematically. In this study, we analyzed the spatio-temporal distribution patterns for the frequency of forest fire occurrences by each city and gun during dry season between 1990s and 2000s using GIS. Then we compared to analyze the frequency of forest fire occurrence by ten-day intervals in 2000s with that in 1990s. As a result of analysis, early April showed the highest frequency of forest fire occurrence in both 1990s and 2000s. Compared to the 1990s and 2000s, the regional change of forest fire showed the most frequent fire events around Chungcheong province. Especially extra 27 fires increased in Daejeon city, and the second most frequent fire had more than 10 fires in Jeolla province and Incheon. However, the number of fire frequency decreased by 12 fires at the end of April in Hongcheon-gun(the province of Gangwon). This is the largest drop over the study period. We consider that this paper will utilize usefully to establish regional counterplan for forest fire prevention by understanding regional forest fire patterns from seasonal change.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.24 no.10
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• pp.1376-1383
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• 2020

Although studies on fire evacuation systems are increasing, studies on the evacuation of evacuees in indoor spaces are insufficient. According to the latest research, it has been suggested that the use of high frequency might be effective for identifying the location of evacuees indoors. Accordingly, in this paper, the authors intend to develop evacuation location recognition technology and fire evacuation guidance system using high-frequency and a smartphone. The entire system was developed, including an app server, evacuees location recognition unit, an evacuation route search, an output unit, and a speaker unit based on Wi-Fi communication. The experimental results proved the possibility of the effectiveness of the system in the fire situation data. It is expected that this study could be used as an essential study of a fire evacuation guidance system using high frequency data in case of fire.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.33-37
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• 2011

This paper presents the frequency spectral analysis based on FFT of the infrared ray fire thermal image, it is an object to deduce the conditions for determining fire alarm through the image processing with the frequency domain. After the candidate regions are separated by using pre-defined brightness value, the fast fourier transform is performed for consecutive infrared thermal images, the frequency spectral analysis of the thermal image analyzed DC and AC frequency distribution. The fire criterion of the thermal image was presented based on the analyzed result and a practicality was confirmed through the computer simulation.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.83-88
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• 2019

This study examined the concentration of combustion gases while considering low ventilation and respiration frequency. A one-quarter-size ISO 9705 room corner test was performed. The concentrations of carbon monoxide and oxygen were measured in each case with the continuous inhalation of combustion gas with low ventilation (2, 6, and 10 LPM) and different respiration frequencies (2 s, 5 s, and infinity). The combustion of a gasoline pool fire in the compartment had a theoretical heat release rate of 5.34 kW. The results show that the deviation of the gas concentrations becomes higher as the low ventilation increases compared to the respiration frequency. In addition, as the respiration frequency increases, the variation in the minimum oxygen concentration is larger than the average value, while in the case of carbon monoxide, the variation in the average value is larger than the maximum value. These results show that the inhalation characteristics of refugees should be considered to investigate fires.

• Architectural research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.21-27
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• 2022

For the past decade, South Korea had experienced catastrophic building fires, which resulted in consider-ably high number of casualties. This motivated research to develop fire-safe wall assemblies. In this study Fire Risk Analysis (FRA) is conducted as part of the project designing phase to ensure fire safety of the final product. Traditional approach was to consider fire performance at the end of the designing stage, when PASS/FAIL fire test results are required to be submitted to the Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ). By applying a fire risk analysis to guide the designing phase, overall fire safety of a wall assembly can be achieved more systematically as conducting FRA allows designers to clearly identify elements that are more vulnerable to fire and simply replace them with other practical options. Severity of fire risk is determined by considering the fire hazards of a wall assembly such as the exterior layer, insulation, vertical connectivity, and external ignition sources (e.g., photovoltaic panels). Frequency of fire risk is assessed based on the factors affecting fire likelihood, which are air cavity and fire-stopping applied in the design, and random design changes occurring during on-site construction. Fire risk matrix is proposed based on these fire risk factors and efforts to reduce the fire risk level associated with the wall assembly are given by systematically assessing the fire risk factors identified from fire risk analysis. Current study demonstrates how fire risk analysis can be applied to develop fire-safe walls by reducing the relevant fire risks- both severity and frequency.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2012.04a
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• pp.109-112
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• 2012

원자력발전소는 타 산업시설에 비해 화재발생 가능성이 낮으나 방사성물질 누출가능성을 최소화하기 위하여 심층방어와 다중방호 설계를 통한 안전성확보가 매우 중요하다. 이를 위해 국내에서는 화재위험도분석(FHA)과 안전정지능력분석(SSA) 및 화재 확률론적안전성분석(Fire PSA)을 수행하고 있으며, 이 중 화재 PSA는 주요 화재구역 선별, 구역별 화재발생빈도 및 기기손상확률 계산, 화재사고 경위분석 및 화재취약성 파악 등을 분석한다. 본 논문에서는 미국 원자력규제위원회(USNRC)와 전력연구소(EPRI)가 공동 연구개발한 화재 PSA 방법론인 NUREG/CR-6850 기법을 적용하여, 화재 PSA에 필요한 화재점화빈도(Fire Ignition Frequency)를 정량적으로 계산하였다. 정확한 결과값을 도출하기 위해 매크로를 이용한 프로그램인 FIFA(Fire Ignition Frequency Analyzer)를 개발하였으며, 향후 국내 원전 화재 PSA 분석업무에 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.62-69
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• 2024

Ensuring swift on-site access to fire engines is crucial in preserving the golden time and minimizing damage. However, various mobility constraints in alleyways hinder the timely entry of fire engines to the fire scene, significantly impairing their initial response capabilities. Therefore, this study analyzed the significant mobility constraints of fire engines, focusing on Seoul, which has many old town areas. By leveraging survey responses from firefighting experts and actual observations, this study quantitatively assessed the frequency and severity of mobility constraint factors affecting the disaster responses of fire engines. Survey results revealed a consistent set of top five factors regarding the frequency and disturbance level, including illegally parked cars, narrow paths, motorcycles, poles, and awnings/banners. A comparison with actual road-view images showed notable consistency between the survey and observational results regarding the appearance frequency of mobility constraint factors in vulnerable areas in Seoul. Furthermore, the study emphasized the importance of tailored management strategies for each mobility constraint factor, considering its characteristics, such as dynamic or static. The findings of this study can serve as foundational data for creating more detailed fire safety maps and advancing technologies that monitor the mobility of fire engines through efficient vision-based inference using CCTVs in the future.