• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.69-75
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• 2002

Current fire safety in the construction sites has developed piecemeal over a considerable period of time. However, the law and regulation of fire safety is insufficient to protect fro in the construction sites. The frequency of fire in the construction sites is very rare but it brings longterm deterioration durability of building structure and large scale industrial calamity. There are many process of works and each work deals with many kind of flammable material, so it is very difficult to find a proper safety fire prevention. This study executed the questionnaire and fire experiment of the welding work to provide effective fire prevention counterplan.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.438-441
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• 2011

문화재의 경우 국가의 역사를 대변하고 있는 중요한 시설로서 매년 그 중요성이 강조되고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 목조 문화재의 화재는 지속적으로 발생하고 있는 것이 현실이다. 이 논문에서는 이러한 점을 반영하여 2005년 낙산사 화재의 개요에 대해 알아보고 낙산사 화재 이후 약 6년간의 낙산사 복구 과정 중에 소방 시스템의 변화에 대해서 분석하고자 한다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.177-187
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• 2023

Varicose veins have a substantial burden on individuals' aesthetics and overall quality of life. The current body of research on Korean medical interventions for varicose veins is limited in Korea, and exploration into clinical trends is lacking. This review specifically analyzed fire acupuncture, which is an understudied intervention in Korea that demonstrated efficacy in alleviating pain and paralysis while promoting tissue regeneration. A comprehensive investigation of the China National Knowledge Infrastructure database was conducted, utilizing terms such as "varicose vein," "fire needle," "fire acupuncture," "burning acupuncture," "burning needle," "huǒzhēn," "xiàzhī jìngmài," and "jìngmài qūzhāng." This review included 14 studies investigating the role of fire acupuncture in treating varicose veins. We extracted variables, including age, sex, disease duration, intervention method, treatment frequency, treatment period, acupoints, and outcomes. Fire acupuncture appeared as the primary intervention method, followed by general acupuncture. The protruding part of varicose veins is the main treatment area for fire acupuncture, while the acupoints BL57 and ST36 were most frequently utilized for general acupuncture. Treatment results revealed significant improvement in all studies. However, there are limitations, such as scarce studies, limited side effects studies, and potential bias. Consequently, extensive and well-structured future studies are necessary to demonstrate the role of fire acupuncture in varicose veins.

• International Journal of Safety
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.17-21
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• 2007

This paper aims at the statistical analysis of electrical fire and classification of electrical fire causes to collect electrical fires data efficiently. Electrical fire statistics are produced to monitor the number and characteristics of fires attended by fire fighters, including the causes and effects of fire so that action can be taken to reduce the human and financial cost of fire. Electrical fires make up the majority of fires in Korea(including nearly 30% of total fires according to recent figures), The incorrect and biased knowledge for electrical fires changed the classification of certain types of fires, from non-electrical to electrical. It is convenient and required to develop the standardized form that makes, in the assessment of the cause of electrical fires, the fire fighters directly ticking the appropriate box on the fire report form or making an assessment of a text description. Therefore, it is highly recommended to develop electrical fire cause classification and electrical fire assessment on the fire statistics in order to categorize and assess electrical fires exactly. In this paper newly developed electrical fire cause classification structure, which is well-defined hierarchical structure so that there are not any relationship or overlap between cause categories, is suggested. Also fire statistics systems of foreign countries are introduced and compared.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.283-288
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• 2007

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.284-292
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• 2016

Background: In Ghana, fire incidents have become a regular occurrence, with thousands of lives and millions of dollars lost every year. Hardly a day passes without news of a fire outbreak in some part of Ghana, causing fear and panic among the people. This generates much discussion centering on rumors relating to politics, sabotage, misfortune, religious differences, etc. This article seeks to discuss the trend of fire incidents occurring in Ghana from 2000 to 2013 and the different ways to prevent these incidents. Methods: The pattern of fire incidence in Ghana as a whole as well as in each region is discussed. The study took into consideration the causes, mechanisms, as well as preventive measures against the fire menace. Data were obtained from the head office of Ghana's national fire service. Results: It was noticed that in general the rate of fire incidence increased each year. This increase was attributed to several factors: rate of population growth and industrialization, unstable electricity, urbanization, negligence, illegal electrical connection, etc. The cause of fire was categorized into domestic, industrial, vehicular, institutional, electrical, commercial, bush, and others. Among these causes, domestic fire accounted for 41% of the total number of fire incidents in the country. Conclusion: Finally, this study presents several recommendations to help prevent and mitigate fire incidents in Ghana.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 2004

This study presents an analysis of comparison of P-type fire detection system with fuzzy logic-applied fire detection system. The fuzzy logic-applied fire detection system has input variables obtained by fire experiment of small scale with K-type temperature sensor and optical smoke sensor. And the antecedent part of fuzzy rules consists of temperature and smoke density, and the consequent part consists of fire probability. Also triangular fuzzy membership function is used for input variables and fuzzy rules. To calculate the final fire probability a centroid method is introduced. A fire experiment is conducted with controlling wood crib layer, cigarette to simulate actual fire and false alarm situation. The results show that peak fire probability is 25[%] for non-fire and is more than 80[%] for fire situation, respectively. The fuzzy logic-applied fire detection system suggested here is able to distinguish fire situation and non-fire situation very precisely.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.24-27
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• 2008

The recent fire incident in an elementary school of Chonan city causes the media focus on the fire safety of residential container buildings. In this study, real fire tests were conducted in this kind of buildings. Fire temperature and radiant heat flux were measured, in order to investigate the hazard-reduction effects during the fire emergency of residential container buildings. According to the test results, flash over occur in 10 minutes, peak fire temperature was $935.5^{\circ}C$, peak radiant heat flux was $24.99kW/m^2$ at 8minutes after residential container building fire.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.81-87
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• 2007

The cattle shelters have been badly damaged by the recently large fires. so the reconstruction of the damaged shelter is very difficult. In the light of the seriousness of the fire like that, the preventive plan for the cattle shed should be thoroughly established. The preventive measure which the fire department performs presently is limited to the stopping the fire before it starts. More than anything else, The men who operate and manage the cattle shelters must know what to do. The written plan will assist them. To begin with, The fire authority should clearly specify how cattle should be protected from any outbreak of fire. Clear access to each fire shed is very important to protect the cattle safely. The manager of the cattle shelter should get ready for the fire defense equipment. Most fires of the cattle shelters are due to electricity faults. These renovations should be performed and checked immediately. Therefore, The manager should be ready assist fire chief or the professional organization to prevent the electricity fire. Fire Safety education should be planned for the owner and staff so all should know what is expected in case of a fire. The Fire Department will check the access road, the equipment available and an announced fire drills should take place every year in the cattle shelter. The Fire Department should check the access road, equipment for preventing fires and staff training each year.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.17-21
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• 2009

The fire whirl occurring in the urban and/or wildland fire is generated by the instabilities of atmosphere. The fire whirl is a rare phenomenon, but highly destructive because it has high inhalation and lift force. In this study, experimental study is performed with oriental oak leaves, for investigating of the fire whirl characteristics occurred in wildland fire. As a result of experiment, the circulation intensity increases as increasing of the induced air velocity, and then the fire whirl occurs. Also, the heat release rate and flame height increase 22% and 18% in highest circulation.