• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.642-649
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• 2006

The purposes of this study were to investigate methods of applying activity-based cost to menu engineering and to examine the feasibility. A total of 6 menu items of XYZ restaurant in Seoul were selected and the ledger of September 2005 was used for menu analysis. The menu mix percent of beef sirloin steak (61.95%) and beef tenderloin steak (17.13%) were labeled as high, whereas BBQ pork ribs (4.94%), salmon fillet (2.66%), seafood platter (5.77%), and teriyaki chicken (7.56%) showed low menu mix percent. In addition, the contribution margin for BBQ pork ribs (29,000 won), salmon fillet (25,810 won), seafood platter (22,400 won), and teriyaki chicken (22,000 won) were higher than the average contribution margin (21,957 won), and those for beef sirloin steak (21,200 won) and beef tenderloin steak (21,900 won) were lower than average. When popularity and contribution margin were applied in menu engineering, BBQ pork ribs, salmon fillet, seafood platter and teriyaki chicken were classified as puzzles and beef tenderloin steak and beef sirloin steak as plowhorses. Menu engineering using popularity and operating profit, which was calculated from activity-based cost, also gave the same results, whereas the additional label for activity cost placed BBQ pork ribs and salmon fillet in the brain teaser category. Ranking analysis on variables estimating menu profitability using Spear-man's ${\rho}$ revealed that there were no significant correlation between variables, which means the estimation of menu item profitability could differ by methods of analysis. With these results, it was concluded that activity-based cost would help to establish more detailed marketing strategy for a restaurant.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.5A
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• pp.665-672
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• 2008

In the study herein, the fatigue test was conducted on the fillet welds of the load carrying cruciform joint, which is frequently used in the steel structures such as bridges, ships, etc. In addition, the fatigue strength was analyzed with respect to the different post-weld treatment. The treatment methods used include Toe Grinding, TIG Dressing, and Weld Profiling. The fatigue test was under constant amplitude with repeated load for these test specimens. In the load carrying full penetration fillet welded joints, regardless the conduction of the post-weld treatment or not, they all secured the fatigue strength of category "F", which exceeds the fatigue design specifications of BS Code. In the comparison of the fatigue strength upon the post-weld treatment, the fatigue strength tends to increase according to the order: Toe Grinding, TIG Dressing, and Weld Profiling.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.501-506
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• 2023

This article portrays the authors' experience with a complex lower limb bone and soft tissue defect, following chronic osteomyelitis and pathological fracture, which was managed by the multidisciplinary orthoplastic team. The decision for functional amputation versus limb salvage was deemed necessary, enhanced by the principles of "spare parts" in reconstructive microsurgery. This case describes the successful use of the osteocutaneous distal tibia turn-up fillet flap that allowed "lowering the level of the amputation" from a through knee to a below-knee amputation (BKA) to preserve the knee joint function. We comprehensibly review reports of turn-up flaps which effectively lower the level of amputation, also applying "spare-parts" surgery principles and explore how these concepts refine complex orthoplastic approaches when limb salvage is not possible to enhance function. The osteocutaneous distal tibia turn-up fillet flap is a robust technique for modified BKA reconstructions that provides sufficient bone length to achieve a tough, sensate stump and functional knee joint.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.70-75
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• 2009

For the effective use of salmon processing by-products, the food components of muscle around pectoral fin (MAPF) were investigated and compared with those of salmon fillet muscle (SFM). The proximate composition of MAPF was 64.4% for the moisture, 17.2% for the crude protein, 16.2% for the crude lipid and 1.4% for the ash. The pH, volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) content and yield of MAPF were 6.73, 7.8 mg/100 g and 7.4 (g/100 g SFM), respectively. The trichloroacetic acid (TCA) soluble-N content of MAPF was 479 mg/100 g, which was lower than that (612 mg/100 g) of SFM. The Hunter value of MAPF was 54.86 for L value, 22.08 for a value, 22.41 for b value and 52.35 for ${\Delta}$E value, which were similar to those of SFM. The total content in amino acids of MAPF was 17.1 g/100 g, its major amino acids were aspartic acid, glutamic acid, leucine and lysine. The major fatty acids of MAPF were 16:0, 18:1n-9 and 18:2n-6, 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3. No differences were found in the major fatty acids and the major amino acids between MAPF and SFM. The calcium and phosphorus contents of MAPF were 19.1 mg/100 g and 211.7 g/100 g, respectively. These results suggested that MAPF could be used as seafood resources.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.97-109
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• 1994

Closed-die forging of the spur gears with circular are fillet has been analyses by using the upper-bound method. A kinematically admissible velocity field has been developed, wherein, the tooth profile consists of the involute curve and the circular arc fillet. In the analysis, the deformation regions have been divided into eight zones. A constant frictional stress has been assumed on the contacting surfaces Utilizing the formulated velocity field, numerical calculations have been carried out to investigate the effects of various parameters, such as module, number of teeth, addendum modification coefficient and friction factor, on the relative forging pressure of spur gears. As the result of numerical calculations, the relative forging pressure does not change so much against the variation of module. On the other hand, the relative forging pressure increases at the final filling stage as the addendum modification coefficient increases.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1784-1797
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• 1996

The disk/blade assembly of a turbine engine is made in the shape of a dovetail type or a fir-tree type. Since disk fillet regions or contact surfaces undergo high stress comcentration, fatigue cracks frequentrly occur in the disk/blade assembly. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the stress distributions in the fir-tree type disk/balde assembly and predict the region of fatigue failure. The stress distributions of the disk/blade assembly were investigated by using the photoelastic method and the finite element method. Two dimensional photoelastic techniques were used to investigate the stress distributions of contact surfaces and fillet regions. TH stress distributions were obtained by the shear-difference method and were compared to the finite element results. It was found that maximum tensile stresses were higher in the fillet region thatn in the contact surfaces of the fir-tree models. The finite element results showed good agreement with the experimental results.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.44-48
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• 2001

The pedicled fillet flap concept has been successfully applied in both the upper and lower extremities for the treatment of difficult wounds. However, in case of complete extremity amputation in eletrical burn patient, the transfer of pedicled flaps from the amputated part is not possible. In such instances, we have designed total arm musculocutaneous free-fillet flaps from the amputated limb to provide wound coverage, when replantation of the amputated part was contraindicated. now we present such a case. This technique allows immediate wound coverage without the morbidity of an additional donor site. The flap provides the ideal combination of large surface area, muscle bulk, and long vascular pedicle. It can be dissected rapidly to minimize ischemic time and could therefore be applicable to traumatic forequarter amputations.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.28 no.9
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• pp.1054-1061
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• 2011

GMA welding process is a production process to improve productivity for the provision of higher quality of material, These includs numerous process variables that could affect welding quality, productivity and cost savings. Recently, the welding part of construction equipment had frequent failure of major components in the welding part of each subsidiary material due to shock which is very poor according to the welding part. Therefore, the implementation of sound welding procedure is the most decisive factor for the reliability of construction machinery. The data generated through experimens conducted in this study has validated its effectiveness for the optimization of bead geometry and process variables is presented. The criteria to control the process parameters, to achieve a healthy bead geometry. This study has developed mathematical models and algorithms to predict or control the bead geometry in GMA fillet welding process.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.71-78
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• 2001

In GMA(Gas Metal Arc)Welding, the weld size that is a locally melted area of a workpiece is one of the most important considerations in determining the strength of a welded structure. Variations in the weld power and the welding heat flux may affect the weld pool formation and ultimately the size of the weld. Therefore, an accurate prediction of the weld size requires a precise analysis of the weld thermal cycle. In this study, a model which can estimate the weld bead geometry and a method for thermal analysis, including the model, are suggested. In order to analyze the weld bead geometry, a mathematical model was developed with transformed coordinates to apply to the horizontal fillet joints. A heat flow analysis was performed with a two dimensional finite element model that was adopted for computing the base metal melting zone. The reliability of the proposed model and the thermal analysis was evaluated through experiments, and the results showed that the proposed model was very effective for predicting the weld bead shape and good correspondence in melting zone of the base metal.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.105-109
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• 2011

As is well appreciated, welding is the most important fundamental process in manufacturing marine structures. However, weld-induced deformation is inevitable because of the non-uniform distribution of temperature during welding. The deformation caused by welding is one of the principal obstacles in enhancing the productivity in the manufacturing procedure for marine structures. This should be much more seriously considered in the case of the thin blocks found in a ship with multi-deck structures. This paper is concerned with the deformation control of thin panel blocks by applying intermittent welding to fillet welding. In order to investigate the quantitative effect of the intermittent welding, a thermo elasto-plastic analysis was carried out with various welding pitches and plate thicknesses. Welding tests were also carried out to show the validity of the present thermo-elasto-plastic analysis. Numerical analysis results showed good agreement with those of the welding tests. As far as the present numerical results are concerned, it has been seen that a more than 50% reduction in angular distortion can be achieved by applying the intermittent welding because of the low heat input.