• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.153-158
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• 2004

The security system using optical fiber is a system, circulating infrared rays laser pulse on the optical fiber which is attached on the security fence to prevent invasion, which can show invasion position with visible and audible signal on the situation monitor if an invader cut or pull the security fence with minuteness of 10m. The optical fiber can be also applied for the bed structure stability monitoring system of high speed train as well as security system. To apply this system for high speed railroad bed structures, this system will give an alarm if it detect excessive tension, shrinkage, deflection which is beyond the limit of structure, that will prevent serious railroad accident. In this paper, we like to propose that applying this system for security and structure stability can improve confidence and stability on operation of railways

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.3151-3168
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• 2015

Automatic detection of estrus in cows is important in cattle management. This paper proposes a method of estrus detection by automatically checking cattle mounting. We use a side-view video camera and apply computer vision techniques to detect mounting behavior. In particular, we extract motion information to select a potential mount-up and mount-down motion and then verify the true mounting behavior by considering the direction, magnitude, and history of the mount motion. From experimental results using video data obtained from a Korean native cattle farm, we believe that the proposed method based on the abrupt change of a mounting cow's height and motion history information can be utilized for detecting mounting behavior automatically, even in the case of fence occlusion.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2001.07c
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• pp.1861-1863
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 국내에서도 아직 초기단계 기술이라고 할 수 있는 간섭계를 이용한 주요 시설물(변전소등) 안전 감시 혹은 항만 감시 및 방어용 광섬유 격자 그물망 구현을 위한 광섬유 시스템 적용성을 연구한 것이다. 연구에서는 마흐젠더 간섭계의 구성에 비해 구성이 용이한 Sagnac간섭계를 구성 실험하였다. 이 간섭계의 성능 검증을 위하여 1550nm의 중심파장을 방사하는 레이저, 싱글모드 광섬유, 3${\times}$3 커플러 등의 광소자를 사용하였고, 광섬유의 길이의 변화를 주기 위하여 PZT 위상 변조기에 교류 전원을 인가하여 PZT 위상 변조기의 진동을 유도하였다. 또한, 전체 길이 약 180cm, 17${\times}$7, 철봉의 직경 6m의 철망 구조물을 제작후, 센서 부분의 역할을 담당한 광섬유 케이블을 일정한 간격으로 철망 구조물에 케이블 타이로 고정하였다. 철망 구조물에서 발생할 수 있는 각종 외부 가진에 대해, 철망 구조물에 가속도계를 설치하여, Sagnac 간섭계에서의 광 간섭 신호와 가속도계의 신호를 비교 검증 하였다. 본 실험결과를 통하여 광섬유 펜스는 주요 시설물(변전소등) 안전 감시 혹은 항만 감시 및 방어용 경보 시스템에 적합하다고 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2009.03a
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• pp.798-804
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• 2009

Damaged liners may be detected by using leakage detection systems. For the reason, many types of leakage detection systems are applied to analyze or detect damages of lining system such as electrical detection method for the landfill sites. However, most of them can be applied in the new landfill construction sites because sensors should be installed in the bottom of liner systems. This paper shows a case study reviewing the development of a fence type leakage detection method, monitoring system and pilot plant test results, so that they can be economically and efficiently applied to actual used or in-use sites without a leakage detection system.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.25-32
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• 2008

The prevention of disasters in cultural property is very important management and historical duties. The reason can't be measured values with monetary scale of our contemporary. Therefore, this paper was considered fire-safety as one of terrible threat-disasters about the wooden buildings. This research deal with 47 cases cultural property wooden building by whole investigation(field survey and interview) in Gangnung province. The most buildings have basic fire extinguisher; ABC powder. A few buildings are rarely installed fire extinguishing equipments; outdoor fire hydrant, heat sensor, ground sprinkler, CO2-hose-reel. But these state is very insufficient for the fire-safety in cultural property wooden buildings. Specially as particular attention in province, forest fire of regional characteristic have close relation with cultural property fire. The majority of factor against forest and building fire is to provide monitoring and security system; CCTV, Fence, Sensor, Alarm and paid guard man against incendiary. Ultimately it is necessary to construct comprehensive disaster prevention system with the organic cooperation such as National Emergency Management Agency, Cultural Heritage Administration, Forest Service, local government officials and regional citizen.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.111-121
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• 2011

Intelligent video analysis systems require techniques which can predict accidents and provide alarms to the monitoring personnel. In this paper, we present an abnormal behavior analysis technique based on adaptive background generation. More specifically, abnormal behaviors include fence climbing, abandoned objects, fainting persons, and loitering persons. The proposed video analysis system consists of (i) background generation and (ii) abnormal behavior analysis modules. For robust background generation, the proposed system updates static regions by detecting motion changes at each frame. In addition, noise and shadow removal steps are also were added to improve the accuracy of the object detection. The abnormal behavior analysis module extracts object information, such as centroid, silhouette, size, and trajectory. As the result of the behavior analysis function objects' behavior is configured and analyzed based on the a priori specified scenarios, such as fence climbing, abandoning objects, fainting, and loitering. In the experimental results, the proposed system was able to detect the moving object and analyze the abnormal behavior in complex environments.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.35-45
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• 2003

This study was performed to suggest growth status data of the large old trees as the natural monuments of Korea. Field investigation of 70 large old trees as the natural monuments of Korea was carried out in Seoul, Inchon, Kyungki, Chungbuk, Chungnam, Chonbuk, Chonnam. The main field of this study is classified into the growth condition, soil state and management situation. The results of this study are below : The age distribution of the large old trees as the natural monuments of Korea is as follows : above l00years in 5.9%, above 200years in 8.9%, above 300 years in 11.8%, above 400 years in 16.2%, above 500 years in 16.2% and above 600years in 41.1%. Location types of the large old trees as the natural monuments of Korea are found in 11 types; the types are hill side(22.9%), historical monument area(15.7%), field(l4.3%) and building area(12.9%), etc. Also, growth type of the trees is individually placed. In the aspect of soil environment, the acidification of soils has been appearing in all surveyed areas, and the soil of Seoul area has much acidum phosphoricum because of excessive fertilizer. Finally, in management situation. major factors inhibiting growth of the large old trees as the natural monuments of Korea are soil covering of protruded root above ground, soil hardening by human, embankments, small area that has been surrounded fence. Continuous monitoring and accumulation of status data are necessary to preserve the large old trees as the natural monuments of Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.45-58
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• 2006

This study was aimed to propose the plan of creating a biotope reflecting an ecological education as well as its function as the habitats of amphibian in Namsan Urban Natural Park in Seoul. There were Cheonil mineral spring area which was located on the southern side of Namsan, wetlands which was already created on the east valley(800$m^2$) and a buffer area of the circumference(1,100$m^2$) as the biotope sites. Major fields of this study include a survey of the staus, a basic plan, a master plan; a survey of this site was focused on topography, water system, existing vegetation, wildbird, amphibian, trail; a detailed plan was focused on flow plan, planting plan, facility plan. Existing vegetation was classified into 8 types; Pinus densiflora forest, Pinus densiflora planted area, Prunus sargentii-Quercus spp. forest, Pinus rigida forest, Robinia pseudoacacia forest, artificial green space, wetlands, south beltway. There were Pinus densiflora planted area and Prunus sargentii-Quercus spp. forest as major vegetations of this site. 14 species and 33 individuals of wildbirds appeared, Rana temporaria ornativentris and Hynobius leechi were investigated in the wetlands.In particular, habitats of amphibian were divided eco-zone, buffer-zone and restore-zone, and habitats and facilities which would be suitable for the characteristics of each space were planned. As a result, environment elements of good habitats including spawn wetlands of amphibian, harbor of amphibian, water plant of wetland, wild shrubs forest, ecological landscape forest, wetland observation trail, fence of wetland protection and ramp by pebble and log were created at the site. The amphibian biotope of Namsan is rated high as an important space for conserving biodiversity. Accordingly, continuous monitoring of this biotope as a urban habitat is required as the environment changes.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.39 no.spc1
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• pp.132-141
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• 2006

Artificial structures have been designed as pilot structures to promote the creation and restoration of tidal flats. However, little information is available as to whether such artificial construction affects the macrobenthic community structure. We monitored the variation of the macrobenthic community structure and species composition near natural and artificial structures (seaweed and a timber fence) on the tidal flats near the Iwon Dike, Korea. In total, 137 macrobenthic species were recorded during this study, predominantly crustaceans (47%), polychaetes (18%), and molluscs (27%). Polychaetes comprised over 50% of the total density, followed by gastropods (38%) and crustaceans (11%). Macrobenthic species composition in the artificial and natural areas, was initially similar, but it differed after 7 months. The gastropod Umbonium thomasi, the most dominant species, was present at both sites in the first month after the start of the experiment, but disappeared at the artificial sites within 7 months, suggesting disturbance by the environmental factors. The number of species and diversity (H') varied significantly within sites at the beginning of the experiment, but no difference was observed after 7 months. Multivariate analysis (multidimensional scaling) revealed significant differences in community structure between the artificial and the natural areas from 7 months after the start of the experiment, except from 18 to 21 months. The community structures were mainly influenced by U. thomasi. Community structure at the artificial sites was affected by environmental variables, such as carbon, COD/IL sulfide, loss of ignition, kurtosis and silt, which changed over time. We observed no significant correlations between environmental variables and the dominant species, except in the case of Spio sp. and Macrophthalmus dilatatus, suggesting that the biological interactions and temporary disturbances such as typhoon, as well as the effects of artificial structures may also be important regulating factors in this system.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.12B
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• pp.1236-1243
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• 2010

The perimeter defense system was created and its characteristics were evaluated. It was designed to utilize the fiber sensing device, namely OTDR(Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) which has been used for the maintenance of the optical communication network. An OTDR was constituted by a pulse laser with the nature of 1310nm, +15dBm for the observation of 400 meter optical fence. The high-speed 32-bit processor(S3C2440) has applied to MPU(Main Processor Unit) which helps to improve the performance of OTDR algorithms. Consequently, the maximum error was 0.84 meter on the performance test of the 10km monitoring and the pass criteria of ${\pm}1m$ satisfied in all the sections. The alarm delay time was under 3 sec after detecting the disorder. For the case of secondary trespassing after primary trespassing, the optical switch was installed in OTDR to monitor the secondary trespassing and to measure the multi-point detection. Therefore, this paper shows that the detections of secondary trespassing and multi-point is possible by means of optical switch.