• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.53-67
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• 1988

The high temperature corrosion of Fe-C alloys were studied at I atm SO gas in the temperature range 500~80$0^{\circ}C$ by means of a thermogravimetric analysis. The Na2SO4 induced high tempwrature corrosion rate was also measured at atm O2 gas under above the temperature renge. The reaction products were identified with the aid of X-ray diffraction technique, and micostruction of the alloy/scale interface was observed with a optical microscope and SEM. The experimental results were disussed by the themodeynamic calcutions. Under above the experimental condition. the reaction rates decrbon with increasing carbon content. The transfer of Fe ion was limited by a residue of carbon precipitated at alloy scale interface due to the oxidation of Fe-C alloys at alloy surface. The effect of cold working on reaction rate was different between the Fe containing low carbon and Fe-C Alloy containing carbon above 0,73 wt%. In a cold worked iron containing low carbon content, the crystallization of metal surface leads to the poor adherence between the alloy and the cavity formed between the alloy and scale. The outward diffusion of ion through the scale is estimated to be hindered by the cavity formed between the scale, consequently decreasing reaction rate. In the case Fe-C containing carbon above 0.73 Wt% alloy, the reaction rate was little affected by cold working, because the effect of content on reaction rats is greater than the effect of cold working.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.250-257
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• 2022

Transition metal sulfide materials have emerged as a new anode material for Li secondary batteries owing to their high capacity and rate capability facilitated by fast Li-ion transport through the layered structure. Among these materials, niobium disulfide (NbS₂) has attracted much attention with its high electrical conductivity and high theoretical capacity (683 mAh g^-1). In this study, we propose a facile synthesis of Fe_xNbS₂/C composite via simple ball milling and heat treatment. The starting materials of FeS and Nb were reacted in the first milling step and transformed into an Fe-Nb-S composite. In the second milling step, activated carbon was incorporated and the sulfide was crystallized into Fe_xNbS₂ by heat treatment. The prepared materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, electron spectroscopies, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The electrochemical test results reveal that the synthesized Fe_xNbS₂/C composite electrode demonstrates a high reversible capacity of more than 600 mAh g^-1, stable cycling stability, and excellent rate performance for Li-ion battery anodes.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.282-290
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• 2020

In this article, we report the effect of blended cathode materials on the performance of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASLBs) with oxide-based organic/inorganic hybrid electrolytes. LiFePO₄ material is good candidates as cathode material in PEO-based solid electrolytes because of their low operating potential of 3.4 V; however, LiFePO₄ suffers from low electric conductivity and low Li ion diffusion rate across the LiFePO₄/FePO₄ interface. Particularly, monoclinic Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ (LVP) is a well-known high-power-density cathode material due to its rapid ionic diffusion properties. Therefore, the structure, cycling stability, and rate performance of the blended LiFePO₄/Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ cathode material in ASLBs with oxidebased inorganic/organic-hybrid electrolytes are investigated by using powder X-ray diffraction analysis, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller sorption experiments, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and galvanostatic measurements.

• 분석과학
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.427-432
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• 1997

도데실황산나트륨(SDS)이 수식된 유리탄소전극에 의해 철(III) 이온의 정량분석이 선택성 있게 제안되었다. 이것은 SDS와 $Fe^{3+}$의 정전기적 인력으로 착물이 형성되는 데 근거한 것이다. 철(III) 이온의 정량분석은 시차펄스전압전류법(DPV)에 의해 하였고, 그 정량분석을 위한 $(DS^-)_n-Fe^{3+}$의 환원 피크는 +0.466(${\pm}0.002$)volt (vs. Ag/AgCl)였다. 철(III) 이온의 정랑분석을 위한 검량선은 $0.50{\times}10^{-5}{\sim}10{\times}10^{-5}mol/L$의 농도 범위에서 얻었으며, 검출한계는 $0.14{\times}10^{-5}mol/L$였다. $Cu^{2+}$, $Ni^{2+}$, $Co^{2+}$, $Pb^{2+}$, $Zn^{2+}$ 및 $Mn^{2+}$는 철(III) 이온의 정량에 거의 영향을 미치지 않으나, $CN^- $ 및 $SCN^-$은 철(III) 이온의 정량을 크게 방해하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.1719-1723
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• 2009

The LiFeP$O_4$ powder was synthesized by using the solid state reaction method with Fe($C_2O_4){\cdot}2H_2O,\;(NH_4)_2HPO_4,\;Li_2CO_3$, and chitosan as a carbon precursor material for a cathode of a lithium-ion battery. The chitosan added LiFePO4 powder was calcined at 350 ${^{\circ}C}$ for 5 hours and then 800 ${^{\circ}C}$ for 12 hours for the calcination. Then we calcined again at 800 ${^{\circ}C}$ for 12 hours. We characterized the synthesized compounds via the crystallinity, the valence states of iron ions, and their shapes using TGA, XRD, SEM, TEM, and XPS. We found that the synthesized powders were carbon-coated using TEM images and the iron ion is substituted from 3+ to 2+ through XPS measurements. We observed voltage characteristics and initial charge-discharge characteristics according to the C rate in LiFeP$O_4$ batteries. The obtained initial specific capacity of the chitosan added LiFeP$O_4$ powder is 110 mAh/g, which is much larger than that of LiFeP$O_4$ only powder.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.141-146
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• 2013

제주도에서 생산된 로즈마리(Rosmarinus officinalis L.)와 라벤더(Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) 두 종의 허브 에센셜 오일과 하이드로졸 성분을 GC-MS로 분석하였다. 로즈마리 에센셜 오일에는 ${\alpha}$-pinene (40.96%)의 함량이 가장 높았으며, 라벤더 에센셜 오일에는 camphor (34.44%)가 가장 높았다. 로즈마리 하이드로졸에는 verbenone이 (45.31%) 가장 높게 나타났으며, 라벤더 하이드로졸에서는 camphor (67.04%)로 가장 높게 나타났다. 또한 로즈마리와 라벤더 에센셜 오일과 하이드로졸의 항산화 효능을 검증해 본 결과, 두 종류의 에센셜 오일 모두 DPPH, ABTS 라디칼 소거능과, $Fe^{2+}$ ion 킬레이팅 활성을 나타냈으나, alkyl 소거능은 거의 나타나지 않았다. DPPH 라디칼 소거능은 로즈마리 에센셜 오일이 라벤더 에센셜 오일보다 우수한 반면, $Fe^{2+}$ ion 킬레이팅 실험에서는 라벤더 에센셜 오일이 로즈마리 에센셜 오일보다 더 우수했다. 로즈마리, 라벤더 하이드로졸 모두 alkyl 라디칼 소거능을 나타냈으나, 라벤더 하이드로졸만이 $Fe^{2+}$ ion 소거능을 나타냈다. 특히 $H_2O_2$에 의해 유도된 Fibroblast와 HaCaT에서의 세포독성 실험에서 하이드로졸이 에센셜 오일보다 우수한 세포사멸 억제능을 나타냈다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.819-825
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• 2018

본 연구는 ${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$ 중공입자로 구성된 다공성 1차원 나노구조체를 전기방사 공정 및 두단계의 후 열처리 과정을 통해 주형법과 커켄달 효과를 동시 적용하여 합성했다. 열처리 과정 중, 수 nm의 치밀한 Fe 금속입자는 커켄달 효과에 의해 중공구조를 갖는 ${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$ 입자로 최종 변환되었다. 또한, 전기방사 용액에 첨가한 PS 나노비드는 첫 열처리 과정 중 분해되어 구조체 내 수많은 기공을 형성, 환원 및 산화를 위한 가스들이 구조체 내부로 원활히 침투될 수 있는 역할을 했다. 최종 생성물인 ${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$ 중공입자로 구성된 다공성 1차원 구조체를 리튬 이차전지의 음극활물질로 적용한 결과, $1.0A\;g^{-1}$의 높은 전류밀도에도 불구하고 30 사이클 후 $776mA\;h\;g^{-1}$의 높은 방전 용량을 나타냈다. 이와 같은 우수한 리튬 저장특성은 본 구조체를 구성하는 중공형 ${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$ 입자와 입자들 사이의 나노기공으로부터 기인한 결과이다. 본 연구에서 제안한 중공 입자로 구성된 다공성 1차원 나노구조체 합성 방법은 다양한 전이금속 화합물 조성에 적용 가능하므로 에너지 저장 분야를 포함한 여러 분야에 응용 가능하다.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.179-185
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• 2021

Lithium ion batteries are generally manufactured by laser and etching using aluminum thin sheet. These processes are relatively expensive and have low productivity. In this study, blanking process of aluminum thin sheet for lithium ion battery was employed to replace laser cutting and etching process, all to reduce the production cost and improve productivity. Mechanical properties for aluminum and coating were determined by experimental results and rule of mixture for FE analysis of blanking process. Normalized Cockcroft-Latham criteria was also applied to describe shear behavior and critical damage values were determined by comparison of analytical and experimental result. We performed FE analysis to investigate the effects of clearance and punch-die radius on sheared surface of aluminum thin sheet and to determine optimal process condition. We manufactured the die set using the determined optimal process and conducted an experiment to confirm the feasibility of blanking process. The sheared surface of manufactured product was observed by optical microscope. As a results, the proposed process conditions successfully achieved the dimensional requirement in production of lithium ion battery parts.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.157-163
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• 2010

CRT 용 shadow mask의 생산속도 향상을 위해 첨가제를 투입한 염화제이철 수용액을 개발하였고 이를 shadow mask의 식각속도 향상에 적용하였다. $Fe(ClO_4)_3$ 첨가제를 종래의 식각용액인 염화제이철 수용액에 투입한 결과, shadow mask의 식각속도가 크게 향상되었으며, 이때 첨가제의 농도가 증가할수록 식각속도가 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 첨가제가 투입된 식각용액으로 순수 니켈과 철-니켈 합금(Invar 강)의 식각속도를 비교한 결과, 대부분의 공정조건에서 둘 사이의 식각속도 차이가 작음을 알 수 있었고, 이는 첨가제의 투입에 따라 니켈과 철의 식각속도가 모두 향상된 결과로 해석되었다. 첨가제의 주입에 따라 식각속도가 증가하는 이유는, 첨가제 내의 음이온인 $ClO^{4-}$가 염화제이철 수용액 내의 $Cl^-$에 비해 전자를 이동하는 가교로서의 역할이 우수하여 전자를 더 빠르게 이동시킬 수 있기 때문인 것으로 추정된다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제45회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.147-147
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• 2013

Multiferroic material $BiFeO_3$ (BFO) is a typical multiferroic material with a room-temperature magnetoelectric coupling in view of high magnetic- and ferroelectric-ordering temperatures (Neel temperature $T_N$ ~ 647 K and Curie temperature TC ~1,103 K). Rare-earth ion substitution at the Bi sites is very interesting, which induces suppressed volatility of the Bi ion and improved ferroelectric properties. At the same time, the Fe-site substitution with magnetic ions is also attracting, since the enhanced ferromagnetism was reported. In this study, BFO, $Bi_{0.9}Dy_{0.1}FeO_3$ (BDFO), $BiFe_{0.97}Co_{0.03}O_3$ (BFCO) and $Bi_{0.9}Dy_{0.1}Fe_{0.97}Co_{0.03}O_3 $ (BDFCO) compounds were prepared by conventional solid-state reaction and wet-mixing method. High-purity $Bi_2O_3$, $Dy_2O_3$, $Fe_2O_3$ and $Co_3O_4$ powders with the stoichiometric proportions were mixed, and calcined at $500^{\circ}C$ for 24 h. The samples were immediately put into an oven, which was heated up to 800oC and sintered in air for 1 h. The crystalline structure of samples was investigated at room temperature by using a Rigaku Miniflex powder diffractometer. The field-dependent magnetization measurements were performed with a vibrating-sample magnetometer. The electric polarization was measured at room temperature by using a standard ferroelectric tester (RT66B, Radiant Technologies). Dy and Co co-doping at the Bi and the Fe sites induce the enhancement of both magnetic and ferroelectric properties of $BiFeO_3$.