• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.132-141
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• 2022

Purpose: This study examined the effects of an educational program for fathers on improving father-infant interactions, child-rearing knowledge, and attachment. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, the participants were recruited by convenience sampling among fathers with infants (2-6 months of age) residing in three districts of Seoul. Fifteen participants in the experimental group and 17 participants in the control group completed the follow-up investigation. A 5-week online and offline intervention program with five sessions was provided to the experimental group. The data were analyzed using generalized estimating equations (GEEs). Results: There was a significant difference in the change in father-infant interaction scores of the experimental group, especially in the caregiver aspect with a significance level of .100 in time and group-to-group interactions (B=6.46, p=.051, 95% confidence interval [CI]=-0.02-12.94). The changes between the groups and times were not statistically significant when it came to infant development knowledge and father-infant attachment. Conclusion: We conclude that hybrid online and offline education should be implemented as an effective method to improve fathers' interactions with their children based on accurate knowledge about infant development.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2007

Single-parent families are on the rise because of the death of one parent for various disasters and rapid rise of divorce, single-parents suffer various stress such as economical difficulties and emotional confusion like domestic duties, nurturing, remarriage originated from the lost of one spouse. Especially the purpose of this study was to develop family life education program focused on single-fathers. This program was developed in the viewpoint of the family consolidation. The program was composed of 3 dimensions; the stress management from domestic duties, the guideline of child nurturing, and the good remarriage. And the trial method and assessment method were suggested. The advantages of this program were the objects and contents : This program put the focus in the single-fathers which were ignored in other researches, and in the source of anxiety of single-fathers originated daily family life. This program will provide useful data for an intervention of proper welfare policy of single-father families.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.537-545
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to identify the parenting knowledge and confidence toward a first-time father of a newborn. The participants were 136 men in 2015. A descriptive correlation study design was used. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, pearson's correlation, t-test, $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test and one-way ANOVA, using the SPSS statistics 20.0 for windows program. The parenting knowledge and confidence were significantly correlated by education respectively, and they had meaningful correlation. The father role in newborn parenting should be emphasized. So, parenting is necessary on their participation. It is urgently needed establishing a social climate and culture for child rearing conditions and inducing fathers to actively participate. Furthermore, it is important to develop the education program for newborn's father. The findings are expected to contribute to the effective educational program for the first-time fathers in order to improve their knowledge and confidence.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1109-1119
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the difference of the father's and mother's reactions to their children's negative emotions, relations among the children's variables, parent's variables, and parent's reactions. The subjects selected were 183 mothers and 183 fathers with children aged three to five-years-old, from a childcare center and kindergarten in Kwang-ju. Parental emotion-related practices regarding children's negative emotions were assessed with an adaptation of the CCNES(Fabes et al, 1990) that was modified by Kim Hee-Jung(1994). Descriptives, Pearson's correlation coefficient, were used for data analysis by using the SPSS 15.0 program. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: First, fathers and mothers used more positive reactions than negative reactions when their children showed negative emotions. The mothers were significantly higher than fathers on encouragement of expression, punitive, and distress reactions. Second, the children's age and gender, parent's age, level of education and income were negatively and positively correlated to the father's and mother's reactions to their children's negative emotions.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.33-43
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• 2012

Objectives: The study has a purpose of contributing to understanding children of multi-cultural families and healthy development of children by examining influences of parental attachment perceived by the children on their anger trait and anger expressions. Methods: The data were collected from 113 students in grade 4~6, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, pearson correlation coefficient by the SPSS/PC 18.0 program. Results: The result showed the stable attachment with parents significantly influences children's anger and expression(anger out/control). And mother's attachment was significantly stronger than father's attachment, especially mutual trust and communication. Father's attachment had significantly negative influences state-trait anger and anger out/in, and mother's attachment had significantly negative influences state-trait anger and anger out. Actually father's attachment had stronger influences children's anger and anger expression. Conclusions: There was relationship between father's attachment and anger trait/ expression by children of multi-cultural families. For the effective management of multi-cultural children's anger, programs focusing on improving father-child relationships need to be established.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.127-142
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• 1999

The purposes of this research were to develop a family life education program for single-parent families in rural area and to investigate the effectiveness of education through continuous tests.For these objectives, the concurrent-type program for single-parent families that emphasized communication skills, psychological strategies, and the importance of social support system was constructed. The effectiveness of the program was evaluated by pre-, post- and delayed test through 88 single parents and their children and it was analyzed by paired t-test. The results suggested that the program was effective in improving self-esteem, self-confidence and in decreasing depression. This effectiveness was more in single-father families than single-mother families. But especially in children this effectiveness was diminished as times passed. For maintaining this effectiveness in program, more frequent and continuous following education was demanded.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.71-80
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• 2010

This study investigates the infant's cognitive and motor development, mother's parenting knowledge, and father's participation of child-rearing according to demographic variables and child-care related variables. A total of 112 infants aged from 11.5 months to 12.5 months old were tested by Korean Bayley Scales of Infant Development II; in addition, their mothers participated in the survey. The major results were as follows: First, among five areas of parenting knowledge, mothers attained the highest score on socio-emotional development and the lowest on cognitive and language development. Second, fathers participation in child-rearing were related to their income and the time to start child-care center. Third, the development of infants were positively associated with the father's participation in child-rearing. The implications for designing child-care policy and parent education program were discussed.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.111-126
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the moderating effects of perceived father's rearing attitudes on the relationship between self-efficacy and smartphone addiction in adolescents. A survey was conducted using a convenient sample drawn from 570 students from eleven junior high school in Seoul. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 program. The results show that 22.4% of students was in the risk of smatphone addiction. High risk of smartphone addiction group use smartphone longer for communication and had more trouble with their parents because of smartphone use. Smartphone addiction showed negative relationship with self-efficacy and affection-rational explanation of perceived father's rearing attitude but had positive relationship with inconsistency-intrusiveness of perceived father's rearing attitude. Furthermore, the result showed the moderating effects of perceived father's rearing attitude on the relationship between self-efficacy and smartphone addiction. Therefore, to prevent smartphone addiction in adolescent, we should try to increase self-efficacy in adolescent as well as to develop educational program to assist parent to understand their children.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.101-115
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of health educational program for maternity using principle of user centered design. Method: Research process includes five distinct phases: needs assessment, analysis, design, development/testing/revision, and application release. Results: This program includes an introduction, pregnancy test and fetal assessment, maternal and fetal change during pregnancy, self-care methods during pregnancy, complication of postpartum period, process of labor, complication of pregnancy, self care during the postpartum period, information for parenting skill, father page, FAQ, helping resources and institutions. Conclusion: The program will be distributed to health centers for maternal health education. The second phase of this project was evaluation this program for further development of the program. The end result of this program will be pregnant women with a high degree of usability. Author believe this program have true potential in helping maternal health promotion and successful parenting.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.77-93
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effects of self-efficacy on the relationship between perceived father's rearing attitude and leisure satisfaction/leisure constraint in junior high school students. A survey was conducted using a convenient sample drawn from 448 students from eleven junior high school in Seoul area. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 program. The results showed that students who perceived their father's rearing attitude as affection-rational explanation performed more of out-door leisure activity with their family. Perceived father's rearing attitude and self-efficacy was positively related with leisure satisfaction but negatively related with leisure constraint. In addition, self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship between perceived father's rearing attitude and leisure satisfaction/leisure constraint. These results suggest the leisure activity could be increased by father's rearing attitude through improving self-efficacy. Therefore, to improve the leisure activity through increase of leisure satisfaction and decrease of leisure constraint, father should raise their children in love and help to grow their self-efficacy.