• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제38권3호
• /
• pp.77-84
• /
• 2023

Welding and cutting, which are representative tasks in handling firearms at industrial sites, are the basis for production and maintenance processes across all industries. They are also essential in the root industry. Specifically, they are widely used in the manufacturing industry, including equipment industries such as shipbuilding, automobiles, and chemicals, and subsequent maintenance work and general facility repair. However, such hot work carries a high fire risk owing to sparks scattering and inadequate management, resulting in a high occurrence of accidents. In response, the government and relevant organizations have recently revised the Occupational Safety and Health Act to prevent accidents during hot work. These revisions impose more stringent regulations than before, which are expected to help prevent actual fire accidents. However, whether the fire observer system, which is the core element of the revision, would be practically applied and maintained is unclear. Therefore, this study compared the fire observer system in the revised Occupational Safety and Health Act with those in the laws and systems of developed countries, conducted interviews with safety and health experts to assess the suitability of the new system for fire observer operations, and improvement plans were derived accordingly. Therefore, the laws and systems of developed countries grant more authority to fire observers compared with those of Korea. Moreover, professional training in handling emergency is required. Interviews with safety and health experts revealed that regardless of company size, the same operating standards were applied, and standards for deploying fire observers in various locations were unclear. Furthermore, there was a lack of professional education and training, and the role and authority of fire observers were limited. These findings revealed a problem in this sector. The results of this study are expected to serve as basic data for establishing a practical system for placing fire observers and supplementing laws, guidelines, and systems for preventing fire accidents.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.415-426
• /
• 2021

연구목적: 본 연구에서는 대형재난사고의 주요한 요인으로 지적되는 국민들의 재난안전의식을 활성화 시킬 수 있는 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 연구방법:본 연구에서는 재난관리 및 안전의식에 관한 이론적인 검토를 실시하고, 재난사고의 원인을 도출하기 위해 '재난관리평가 국민안전 체감도의식' 조사 결과 및 대형재난사고 사례들을 분석하여 선진 재난안전의식 활성화 방안을 제시하였다. 연구결과: 재난관리평가 국민안전 체감도 조사를 통해 재난관리 4단계 중 '대응'차원은 잘 수행되고 있으나, '복구'차원이 미흡한 국민들은 인식하고 있었고, 특히 '예방' 차원에서 재난안전에 대한 교육이 매우 부족하다고 느끼고 있었다. 국민 안전의식 조사를 통해서는 대피시설에 대한 인지 수준이 매우 낮았고, 감염병과 붕괴사고에 대한 정보가 부족한 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 일상생활에서의 안전수칙 준수에 대한 인식이 미흡한 것으로 드러났다. 대형재난사고(코로나19, 밀양세종병원 화재, 2004년 동해안 산불)에 대한 사례를 분석한 결과, 안전불감증과 같은 안전의식의 결여가 피해규모의 확대를 유발시킨 주요한 원인임을 도출하였다. 결론:재난사고를 예방·감소시킬 수 있는 가장 근본적인 요소는 선진 재난안전의식의 활성화이며, 이를 제고하기 위한 세 가지 방안을 제시하였다. 먼저, 안전교육 및 안전홍보 활동의 확대를 통한 안전문화운동의 확산이 필요하다. 두 번째로는 재난대응에 대한 실효성을 향상시키기 위해 일반인들을 대상으로 하는 재난대비훈련을 시행해야 한다. 마지막으로 안전에 대한 개개인의 인식 전환이 필요하다. 이러한 요소들이 체계적으로 이루어져야만 선진 재난안전의식이 제고될 수 있을 것이며, 궁극적으로 우리 사회의 재난사고들이 감소될 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.264-276
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study was to propose HACCP system implementation properly and to secure the food safety of school foodservices in Pohang city since the proper facilities and equipment should be key factors in food safety and production. So this study was designed to evaluate existing equipment in food production area, receiving and dining area, and employee facilities. Questionnaire was mailed to 107 school foodservice dietitians in Pohang area and 97 were responded (90.7% response rate). Approximately sixty percent of foodservices were not available separate receiving or polluted area, fifty one percent were installed screen door for insecticidal and temperature and humidity control, and these environmental conditions were hard to keep kitchen dry and sanitary condition. Usually public schools were better equipped than private schools. Forty three percent of school foodservice had initial use of non-foodservice, opened before 1994, and thirty three percent of elementary school foodservice. Among employee facilities, hand washing sanitation stand was prepared seventy nine percent (78.9%) of school foodservices. Dietitians chose outworn equipment and facilities (30.9%), difficulties of maintaining standard temperature and humidity for foodservice (20.6%), lacking separate receiving or polluted area (13.4%), indirect contamination of water hoss (10.3%), and lacking employee facilities (10.3%) as critical points to correct in school foodservice. Therefore governmental regulating agencies must review and approval of plans prior to new construction or extensive remodeling of school foodservice facilities. In addition to these requirement, plan must be set-up step by step to implement HACCP system properly.

• 한국가스학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.53-58
• /
• 2021

노년층뿐만 아니라 청년층에 속하는 성인들 사이에서도 병원 외 심장정지(OHCA)를 겪는 심장질환자의 수가 증가하고 있다. 자동심장충격기(AED)는 병원 외 심장정지 환자의 생존율을 개선하는 데 있어 긴요하다. 심장정지 생존율은 제세동 시간에 대하여 지수적으로 감소(decline exponentially)하는 것으로 밝혀졌으나, 자동심장충격기의 최적 배치에 있어 심장정지 생존율의 이러한 특성을 반영한 국내 연구가 미미한 상황이다. 본 연구에서는 자동심장충격기의 최적 입지를 결정하기 위하여 exponential decay coverage 함수를 갖는 최대 gradual coverage 입지 모델에 대하여 고찰하였다. exponential decay coverage 함수는 심장정지 환자의 생존율에 대한 과다추정을 완화한다. 향후 시뮬레이션을 통하여 랜덤한 행인 위치 및 이동을 반영함으로써 행인의 심정지 대응에 있어 창발적인(emergent) 특징을 식별할 수 있는 시설 입지 모델이 개발될 것으로 예측된다.

• 터널과지하공간
• /
• 제33권5호
• /
• pp.312-338
• /
• 2023

고준위방사성폐기물 심층처분시설은 고온의 사용후핵연료에서 핵종 누출을 막기 위해 열적, 역학적, 수리적 안전성이 장기적으로 확보되도록 일반적인 지하터널과는 다른 특별한 설계가 필요하다. 스웨덴 SKB는 고준위방사성폐기물 처분시설의 설계 기준을 수립하고 포쉬마크 지역에 대해 실제 설계를 수행하였다. 그리고 지반 불확실성에 대응하기 위해 모니터링과 그에 따른 설계 변경이 가능한 관찰 기법과 단계별 개발법을 제안하였다. SKB는 지반 유형과 지반 거동을 분류하고 포쉬마크 지역에 존재하는 지반유형과 거동의 조합에 적절한 지보 유형을 대응시키는 독자적인 지보 시스템을 개발하였고 기존 지보 시스템과 비교를 통해 안전성을 확인하였다. POSIVA는 SKB와 유사한 방식으로 온칼로 지역에 대해 지보시스템을 개발하였으나 포쉬마크와는 상이한 지반 특성을 반영하였다. 이를 참고하여, 국내 고준위방사성폐기물 심층처분시설 건설을 위한 설계가 이루어질 수 있을 것이며 국내 특성에 맞는 지보 시스템 또한 수립될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.1551-1559
• /
• 2007

Seoul Metro has been constructing the screen doors on the platforms to provide safe and comfort environments. The screen doors of each station are configured so that they can be operated in automatic mode in connection with ATC/ATO through the integrated control panel in the station control room and in manual mode through the control panel of the station control room and crew control panel. These systems have been implemented with different data communication protocols between systems, HMI configuration, and so on due to ordering processes, implementation time and diverse suppliers, and manufactured to be operated within single station. Seoul Metro has been planning to implement the integrated control system to secure seamless train operation and safety and to have a fast response system against emergency situations such as PSD failure and fire, by implementing the system that is able to collectively manage, monitor and control the operation status and equipment conditions of PSD on to the integrated control center. This paper has studied a scheme to reduce the budget for the future facility constructions by standardizing the data format for data communication with the integrated station control panel and using the open standard protocols, in order to secure consistency of operation, system expansion and maintenance with unified and standardized control items.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제53권9호
• /
• pp.3100-3111
• /
• 2021

Numerical modeling for the safety-related equipment used in a nuclear power plant (i.e., cabinet facilities) plays an essential role in seismic risk assessment. A full finite element model is often time-consuming for nonlinear time history analysis due to its computational modeling complexity. Thus, this study aims to generate a simplified model that can capture the nonlinear behavior of the electrical cabinet. Accordingly, the distributed plasticity approach was utilized to examine the stiffness-degradation effect caused by the local buckling of the structure. The inherent dynamic characteristics of the numerical model were validated against the experimental test. The outcomes indicate that the proposed model can adequately represent the significant behavior of the structure, and it is preferred in practice to perform the nonlinear analysis of the cabinet. Further investigations were carried out to evaluate the seismic behavior of the cabinet under the influence of the constitutive law of material models. Three available models in OpenSees (i.e., linear, bilinear, and Giuffre-Menegotto-Pinto (GMP) model) were considered to provide an enhanced understating of the seismic responses of the cabinet. It was found that the material nonlinearity, which is the function of its smoothness, is the most effective parameter for the structural analysis of the cabinet. Also, it showed that implementing nonlinear models reduces the seismic response of the cabinet considerably in comparison with the linear model.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
• /
• 제27권6호
• /
• pp.283-291
• /
• 2023

Unlike other facilities, maintaining processes is essential in industrial facilities. Pipe racks, which support pipes of various diameters, are important structures used in industrial facilities. Since the transport process of pipes directly affects the operation of industrial facilities, a fragility curve should be derived based on considering not only the pipe racks' structural safety but also the pipes' transport process. There are several studies where the fragility curves have been determined based on the structural behavior of pipe racks. However, few studies consider the damage criteria of pipes to ensure the transportation process, such as local buckling and tensile failure with surface defects. In this study, an analysis model of a typical straight pipe rack used in domestic industrial facilities is constructed, and incremental dynamic analysis using nonlinear response history analysis is performed to estimate the parameters of the fragility curve by the maximum likelihood estimation. In addition, the pipe rack's structural behavior and the pipe's damage criteria are considered the limit state for the fragility curve. The limit states considered in this paper to evaluate fragility curves are more reasonable to ensure the transportation process of the pipe systems.

• 한국산업보건학회지
• /
• 제34권1호
• /
• pp.14-17
• /
• 2024

Objectives: This is a case of air exposure assessment conducted after researchers complained of headaches and odor due to residual substances from fire extinguishing agents spread throughout the laboratory due to a malfunction of the fire extinguishing facility. Methods: A component analysis was conducted on the residual substances of a fire extinguishing agent spread in a laboratory using Py-GC-MS (pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry) at the research institute's own central equipment research center. As a result of the component analysis, several types of substances were detected. Among these, five types of substances subject to work environment measurement in the aromatic hydrocarbon series, which can affect headaches and odor, were selected as substances subject to exposure assessment in the air, and the measurement and analysis methods of the target substances were conducted in accordance with the KOSHA Guide for each substance. Conclusions: The measurement results showed that all 5 types of substances were not detected at locations A, B, and C. This is believed to be the result of the residual substances in the fire extinguishing agent being measured when approximately two months had elapsed after being exposed to the test bench, and the substances already exposed had volatilized and disappeared. In this survey, it is believed that the measurement process is more important than the measurement results.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제20권5호
• /
• pp.13-19
• /
• 2019

후쿠시마 원전사고 이후 비상 배터리 시설에 대한 안전성 강화가 요구되면서 리튬 폴리머 배터리를 적용한 새로운 전원 공급장치가 국내에서 세계 최초로 제안되었다. 그러나 제안된 기술을 현장에 적용하기 위해서는 배터리 장치가 설치되는 랙 시스템의 내진 안전성이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 세계 최초로 72시간 용량 확보를 위해 개발 된 리튬폴리머 배터리 장치를 대상으로 지진 발생 시 전원장치의 안전성을 확보하기 위해 설계 된 전원장치 스트링 및 랙 프레임에 대한 내진성능을 평가하고자 하였다. 실험 결과 1) 단위 랙 시스템의 공진대역은 9 Hz로서 지진하중 전 후의 고유진동수가 변하지 않음에 따라 설계지진하중에 대한 부재 및 부재간의 연결부에 대한 안전성을 확인할 수 있었다. 원전 설계기준 OBE와 SSE에서의 가속도 응답 결과 2) 스트링 제작에 의한 진동 저감 효과가 약 20%정도 보였으며, 3) OBE, SSE 조건에서의 내진시험 결과 랙 프레임 시스템은 설계지진에 대해 안전한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구에서 제시한 랙 시스템은 요구 지진력에 대한 구조적 건전성이 입증되었으므로 원전 시설에 적용이 가능한 것으로 나타났다.