• 복합신소재구조학회 논문집
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.64-70
• /
• 2015

A rapid urbanization has increased the portion of paved layer that results in the change of water circulation system. This change leads to frequent events of flooding, drought, and urban heat island. To resolve these issues, permeable pavement system based on Low Impact Development (LID) concept is being applied to international urban areas. Therefore it is necessary to establish a rational design procedure for the permeable pavement system that reflects our environmental conditions. iDue to inherent characteristics of permeable pavement system, water infiltrates thorough the layers so it may reduce the bearing capacity of sub-layers. In this study, an effort was made to investigate the effectiveness of geogrid reinforced crushed stone subbase layer based on field experimental program along with a limited numerical analysis. It reveals that geogrid reinforced sections improve the bearing capacity by close to 20%. In addition, a light weight deflectomenter (LWDT) appears to be promising for the compaction quality control of crushed stone subbase layer in order to construct qualified permeable pavement systems.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제8권5호
• /
• pp.575-586
• /
• 1999

From the environmental aspects, primary productivity of phytoplankton plays the most improtant role in enhancement of marine culture oyster production. This study may be divided into two branches; one is estimation of maximum oyster meat production per unit facility(Carrying Capacity) under the present enviromental conditions in Kamak Bay, the other is improvement of carrying from increase of primary productivity by changing the environmental conditions that cause not ot form an unfavorable environment such as the formation of oxygen deficient water mass using the eco-hydrodynamic model. By simulation of three-dimensional hydrdynamic model and ecosystem model, the comparison between observed and computed data showed good agreement. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that phytoplankton maximum growth rate was the most important parameter for phytoplankton and dissolved oxygen. The estimation of mean primary productivity of Wonpo, Kamak, Pyongsa, and Kunnae culture grounds in Kamak Bay during culturing period were 3.73gC/$m^2$/d, 2.12gC/$m^2$/d, 1.98gC/$m^2$/d, and 1.26gC/$m^2$/d, respectively. Under condition not ot form the oxygen deficient water mass, four times increasing of pollutants loading as much as the present loading from river increased mean primary productivity of whole culture grounds to 4.02gC/$m^2$/d. Sediment N, P fluxes that allowed for 35% increasing from the present conditions increased mean primary productivity of whole culture grounds to 3.65gC/$m^2$/d. Finally, ten times increasing of boundary loadings from the present conditions increased mean primary productivity of whole culture grounds to 3.95gC/$m^2$/d. The maximum oyster meat production per year and that of unit facility in actual oyster culture grounds under the present conditions were 6,929ton and 0.93ton, respectively. This 0.93ton/unit facility is considered to be the carrying capacity in study area, and if the primary productivity is increased by changing the environmental conditions, oyster production can be increased.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제16권6호
• /
• pp.103-108
• /
• 2016

Purpose: This study has developed economical and environmentally friendly storage type infiltration facilities that securing storage space inside the infiltration facility. It focused on preventing flooding rainfall as well as securing more groundwater through rainwater infiltration that is valuable for the dry season. In addition, this study compares the installation cost of the storage-type infiltration facility to the cost of the conventional rainwater management facilities to demonstrate the economic efficiency of the storage-based infiltration facility. Method: Unit infiltration of this facility is calculated and when it was applied to a certain capacity, the amount of countermeasures are proposed in case study. Result: Unit infiltration of it is $0.2541m^3/hr$ and un it Temporary storage of it is $1.054m^3/m$. As a result, the infiltration effect of this facility is $1.306m^3/hr$. The cost was approximately 30% reduction in time to apply the storage type infiltration facility as compared with the case to apply the existing penetration of the facilities. Since the penetration of the existing facilities is smaller than that and it has much securing volume to process the same the amount of countermeasures. Therefore, it is determined that the cost significantly increases in material cost part. On the other hand, storage type infiltration facility is installed a small quantity because Unit Temporary storage and infiltration are bigger than that. So, it occurred to reduce material and installation costs.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제62권1호
• /
• pp.117-126
• /
• 2020

The area of facility horticulture in Korea is increasing rapidly, the single-span pipe house which uses galvanized steel pipe as the main rafters occupies 78.7% of the facility area. Lightweight structures such as the single-span pipe house are vulnerable to meteorological disasters such as strong winds, economic losses of the state, local governments and farmers are continuing as construction does not meet the design standards. In order to minimize economic losses in the horticultural specialty facilities sector, the Rural Development Administration has been operating the horticultural disaster resilient standard for horticultural specialty facilities since April 2007. The only standard for the pipe connector is the disaster resilient standard, there is no standard for the uplift capacity of the house pipe foundation and the research on it is also insufficient. The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of uplift capacity according to the foundation type, compaction ratio and embedded depth through soil box test. The results of the maximum uplift capacity according to the type, compaction ratio and embedded depth can be used as the basic data for the basic design of the pipe house conforming to the disaster resilient standard. Due to the limitation of soil box test, it may be different from the behavior of pipe house installed on site. In the future, the field test and the actual pipe house should be made and supplemented by comparing this result with the field test values.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2006년도 제37회 하계학술대회 논문집 A
• /
• pp.398-399
• /
• 2006

The procurement of generation and transmission/Distribution capacity in vertically-integrated electric industry is sufficient by facility construction in suitable time. However, the introduction of competitive electricity market increase the efficiency of availability for facilities and fuels. As a result, long-term capacity procurement is required for stable demand-supply balance since it is expected to maintain their generation capacity at a minimum for profit maximization. In this paper, a new long-term capacity procurement mechanism is proposed, which is able to assure supplemental contribution in competitive electricity market.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국경영과학회/대한산업공학회 2003년도 춘계공동학술대회
• /
• pp.137-144
• /
• 2003

We consider Two-echelon Single source Capacitated Facility Location Problem (TSCFLP). TSCFLP is a variant or Capacitated Facility Location Problem (CFLP). which has been an important issue in boa academic and industrial aspects. Given a set or possible facility locations in two echelons (warehouse / plant), a set or customers, TSCFLP is a decision problem to find a set or facility locations to open and to determine an allocation schedule that satisfies the demands or the customers and the capacity constraints or the facilities, while minimizing the overall cost. It ran be shown that TSCFLP Is strongly NP-hard For TSCFLf, few algorithms are known. which are heuristics. We propose a disaggregated version or the standard mixed integer programming formulation or TSCFLP We also provide a class or valid Inequalities Branch-and-price algorithm with rutting plane method Is used to find an optimal solution Efficient branching strategy compatible with subproblem optimization problems Is also provided. We report computational results or tests on 15 randomly generated instances.

• 터널과지하공간
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.37-45
• /
• 2015

최근 많은 도시에서 홍수와 산사태 같은 자연재해가 빈번하게 발생하고 있다. 기상이변으로 인한 집중강우로 우수유출량이 증가되어 침수피해 위험이 가중되고 있다. 부정적인 유출량 변화를 합리적으로 조절하여 도시홍수 등의 피해를 경감하려는 목적에서 우수유출 저감시설을 적극적으로 도입하려는 노력이 시도되고 있다. 따라서 이러한 시설을 적극적으로 보급하기 위하여 지하 우수저류시설 설치사업의 합리적인 분석과 대책을 마련할 수 있는 연구가 절실히 필요하게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 도시방재를 위한 부산지역 우수저류시설 설치사업의 현황과 문제점을 분석하여, 도시방재를 위한 우수저류시설 설치사업의 대책을 제안하였다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.98-112
• /
• 2011

This study aimed to suggest a 1300 scale of a middle school foodservice facility floor plan which was compliant to the principle of HACCP, as well as ensuring food and work safety, and the flow of personnel and food materials. which consisted of 46 nutrition teachers and 6 experts, responded with a questionnaire on the relationship of functional area and space. Using their opinions, key principles for the design of the facility were single direction movement of food materials, customers and workers; minimization of the cross-contamination through the separation of functional space; and securement of customer-focused efficiency; staff-centered convenience and efficiency; and work and food safety. After the completion of an adjacency diagram, bubble diagram and program statement, the functional areas of a 1300 scale middle school food-service facility were allocated as follows: $9.9\;m^2$ for the receiving area, $56.1\;m^2$ for the pre-preparation area, $10.5\;m^2$ for the food storage area, $6.0\;m^2$ for the supplies storage area, $97.8\;m^2$ for the cooking area, $33.6\;m^2$ for the service area, $52.5\;m^2$ for dish washing area, cafeteria $410.5\;m^2$, $4.5\;m^2$ for the front room, for a total of $725.8\;m^2$. Expert groups have pointed to limitations within this model as there are no windows in the office for the influx of fresh outside air and a need for the straight line installation of steam-jacket and frying kettles on the sides of windows. This study can be useful as the guidelines for estimating the investment cost of the facility and placing the placement of functional areas and equipment in the renovation of the facility. It can be also useful data for a methodology of foodservice facility design.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.169-175
• /
• 2010

일상생활 및 제반 활동을 유지시키는 중요한 사회 기반 시설은 상수도이다. 본 논문에서는 상수도 관리의 기본이 되는 유량의 계측과 분배, 관리를 위한 상수도 유수율 관리 시스템의 설계 및 구현 방법을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 상수도 유수율 관리 시스템의 개발은 상수도 시설의 유지관리와 상수도 시스템의 효과적인 운영을 위한 데이터를 체계적으로 관리하여 양질의 수량 공급과 합리적인 용수 수요량의 예측 및 누수 방지를 위한 상수도 기반 시설의 설계 방향을 제시할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.456-461
• /
• 2006

The facility of constructed wet land combined with filter media was examined in order to improve the water quality of a polluted stream, which has been performed as a part of national projects. Throughout 2 years of operation for a stream, it can provide the design and operating parameters for the purpose of future construction. The influent flow rate was about 50% against the design capacity. The removal efficiencies of BOD, $COD_{Mn}$, SS, T-N and T-P were 62.9%, 47.1%, 74.8%, 22.4% and 33.5%, respectively. In order to keep this facility stable, the removal of surface filter media and supplement should be periodically conducted. In addition, the proper selection of sites is recommended not to be flooded.