• 교육녹색환경연구
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to clarify the actual conditions of spatial composition of educational facilities by design process model. This article discuses about the characteristics of the floor plan composition and the site plan patterns of 49 middle and high schools in gyeongnam province. The results of this study are summarized as follows; 1) Comparing to traditional middle and high school facilities, it occurs various types of plane and the area is somewhat expanded in the school with same class size, however, it needs to improve facility standards in its reality to deal with the change of future educational environment actively. 2) Spatial composition of educational facilities should functionally designed considering that the characteristics of design process model. In facilities arrangement of middle and high schools, it shows diverse forms of arrangement from existing uniform straight type, however, most of schools do not being against the simple in their external space. Therefore, it requires an expansion of space siæ and facilities for the change of school life outside class.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to analysis of convenience facilities for disabled in the municipal buildings. The physically disabled based on comparative analysis of disabilities code in Korea. For this objective, the code and guideline were analysed, and based on the analysis the checklist was developed for field observation. Convenience facilities ought to consider various aspects like size, and spatial composition of facilities, safety factors. and the present conveniences facility regulation. The research was conducted for municipal buildings located in Jeonbuk province. The procedures for research was made to investigate the finding of architectural related code and faculty standards. The results of investigation should be complemented and clarified guidelines in terms of accessibility and convenience which in detail. If the disabled would be convenient to use municipal buildings facilities, there should be no difficulties. As a result, convenience facilities for disabled in the municipal buildings has been improved that the design concept for the disabled person in general architectural planning.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2018년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.134-135
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• 2018

Nuclear Power Plant consists of about 1.4 million facilities. and the design standards and design requirements for the continuos utilization and safety of facilities are complexly connected with the facilities. When a design change for facilities or design requirements is occurred at the time of construction or operation, there are a lot of facilities, design requirements, and design bases that are affected by the facilities or design bases being changed. The above design changes are so complex that the existing document-bases design change process is time-consuming and may also cause human error. In this study, we developed a design requirement taxonomy that can be applied to the data-centric design bases document that can improve it. To do this, we analyze the design elements from the highest level to the lowest level applied to the nuclear power plant, and classify the design elements according to the characteristics of the design elements.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.219-232
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• 2003

The purposes of this study were to assess the child care centers' foodservice facility, and to develop the kitchen facility model based on the general sanitation standards and guidelines in order to provide basic information for a plan review to build or renovate child care centers' foodservice facility. The scopes of the study include : 1) field assessment of the foodservice management practices and facilities in 8 public child care centers, and 2 private child care centers which they are subsidized from the government as public child care centers, 2) development of child care centers' kitchen facility model based on the General Sanitation Standards and Guidelines. The results of this study can be summarized as follows : 1. Field Assessment of the Child Care Centers' Foodservice Facility Average number of children in child care centers was 78.0$\pm$24.20, the average space of kitchen was 15.13$\pm$4.25($m^2$). Especially, the average space of kitchen was 18.49$\pm$4.35($m^2$) with enrollment capacity of 90～120 children in child care centers. The inventory level of most foods was relatively low except rice and kimchi. Kitchen facilities and equipments were similar to those of home kitchen and did not meet the standards of institutional practice. Therefore, the director in child care centers should recognize the importance of the sanitation management and pay more attention to the renovation of foodservice facilities as well as sanitation management practices. 2. Development of the Kitchen Facility Model based on the General Sanitation Standards and Guidelines The kitchen facility plan model with enrollment capacity of 100 children was developed based on the results of field assessment and literature review. Suggested kitchen space was 34.16$m^2$(6,100mm×5,600mm). This space was bigger than the results of field survey or precedent study, considered appropriate to implement the general sanitation standards. The main feature of the developed kitchen facility plan and model was product flow in one direction from the arrival of the raw material to the finished product in order to prevent cross contamination and to improve working efficiency.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.477-492
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• 2003

The purposes of the study were to establish HACCP-based standards and guidelines for conducting a plan review to build, or renovate, hospital food service establishments, and ensure the safety of foodservice and reduce the risk of food borne illness. The scope of the study included suggestion for the planning of hospital foodservice facilities: layout, design, equipment and modeling. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: 1) The development of a foodservice facility plan based on the results of a survey, literature reviews and the results of interviews with foodservice managers from 9 general hospitals. This was composed of operational policies in foodservices, layout characteristics, space allocation, selection, design, specification standards for equipment and the construction principles of foodservice facilities. 2) Two foodservice facility models were developed, one for general hospitals with 900 beds (2,000 patients and 2,500 employee meals per day) and the other for general hospitals with 300 beds (600 patients and 650 employees meals per day). 3) The suggested kitchen space requirements for the foodservice facility models were 341.2 ㎡ (W 17,100mm x L 23,700mm) and 998.8㎡ (W 35,600mm x L 32,800mm) for the 300 and 900 beds hospitals, respectively, with both designs being rectangular. The space requirements for the equipment, in relation to the total operational area, in terms of ratios were 1:3.5 and 1:3.8 for the 300 and 900 beds hospitals, respectively. The recommended space allowances per bed for the developed foodservice facility models were 1.15 ㎡ and 1.11 ㎡ for the 300 and 900 beds hospitals, respectively, which were increased by more than 30% compared to those suggested in the precedent study, and considered appropriate for the implementation of the HACCP system. 4) The hospital foodservice facilities plans and models were developed based on the general sanitation standards, guidelines and the HACCP system, and included foodservice facility layout, product flow, physical separation between contaminated and sanitary areas, foodservice facility specifications with a 1/300 scale for a 300 bed, and a 1/400 scale for a 900 beds blueprint. 5) The main features of the developed foodservice facility plans and models were; physical separation between contaminated and sanitary areas to prevent cross contamination, product flow in one direction from the arrival of the raw material to the finished product, and separation of different work areas and the process of receiving & preparation of products, refrigeration & storage, cooking, assembly, cleaning & disinfection, employee areas and janitorial facilities. The proposed models from this study were presented as examples for those wanting to build, or renovate, their facility for the production of foods.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.688-697
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• 2014

우리나라 장기요양기관은 노인복지법 적용 기관과 미적용 기관이 혼재되어 사회복지법인재무회계규칙이나 장기요양보험법의 지침을 따르고 있다. 그러나 시설정보시스템의 이용이 불가능한 경우도 있고 자료 제출의 강제적 의무도 없어 장기요양기관의 재무상태와 경영실태와 관련된 신뢰성있는 회계정보는 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 현재 회계 관련 규정의 문제점과 개선방향을 알아보고 회계기준 정립을 위한 방안을 제시하였다. 본 연구에서는 장기요양기관의 실태를 반영하여 단기적으로는 복식부기기준의 회계기준과 단식부기 기준의 두 가지 회계기준이 필요할 뿐 만 아니라 적정한 재무보고를 위해 회계원칙에 부합하는 세 가지의 이익처분항목을 도입하였다. 마지막으로 충당부채 계정의 도입과 국고보조금, 감가상각비 등에 대한 회계 기준을 도입하였다.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.169-177
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• 2009

대도시의 광역교통문제 및 교통 혼잡을 해소하기 위해서는 도심진입 자가용승용차 이용을 억제하고, 자가용승용차 이용수요를 대중교통으로 흡수할 수 있는 대중교통 환승체계 구축이 필요하나, 현재 환승체계 및 시설은 교통수단간 연계체계가 미흡하고, 환승 소요시간이 길며 이동 동선이 복잡하고 환승시설간 안내체계 및 편의시설 등이 부족한 상태이며 이를 위한 기반시스템인 환승체계 및 시설의 구축은 필수적인 사항이다. 본 연구의 목적은 교통수단 간의 환승이 직접 이루어지는 승하차시설과 편의시설 및 보행시설 등 각 시설에 대한 기존설계기준을 이용하여 환승시설의 설계분석을 전산으로 수행하는 프로그램을 개발하는 것이다. 각종 시설 설계 기준을 개별적 또는 통합적으로 설계분석을 수행할 수 있는분석 tool의 개발은 실제 환승센터의 설계 시 업무의 정밀성 및 효율성을 증진할 수 있는 중요한 연구이다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.398-409
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• 2021

Background: The types and effects of hazardous pollutants in indoor air may vary depending on the characteristics of the sources and pollutants caused by physical and chemical properties of buildings, the influence of outdoor air, and the exposure and use characteristics of residents. Objectives: This study was conducted to provide basic data on the establish of indoor air quality management for different classes of public-use facilities by presenting the characteristics of concentration distribution of hazardous pollutants by different public-use facilities and the status of the excess proportion of exceeding standards. Methods: This study analyzed self-measurement data from public-use facilities taken from 2017 to 2019 A total of 133,525 facilities were surveyed. A total of 10 types of pollutants that have maintenance and recommended standards stipulated in the Indoor Air Quality Control Act from the Ministry of Environment were investigated. The excess proportion and the substances exceeding the criteria for each type of public-use facilities for these pollutants were investigated. Results: As a result of the analysis of the proportion of exceeding the standard for each type of public-use facility, the facilities with the highest excess proportion of the standards for each hazardous pollutant were: PM₁₀ in railway stations (8.93%), PM_2.5 in daycare centers (7.36%), CO₂ in bus terminals (2.37%), HCHO in postpartum care centers (4.11%), total airborne bacteria in daycare centers (0.69%), CO in museums (0.1%), NO₂ in postpartum care centers (1.15%), Rn in museums (0.78%), total volatile organic compounds in postpartum care centers (7.20%) and mold in daycare centers (1.44%). Conclusions: Although uncertainty may arise because this study is a result of self-measurement, it is considered that this study has significance for providing basic data on the establishment in the future of indoor air quality management measures customized for each type of public-use facility.

• 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.67-106
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• 2012

오늘날 항공운송의 볼륨이 크게 증가함에따라 항공사고도 끊임없이 발생하고 있다. 따라서 항공교통의 핵심가치인 항공교통 안전의 중요성을 새롭게 인식하여야 한다. 이에 항공교통의 기본 인프라로서 공항의 입지, 시설, 장비에 대한 안전성 확보는 무엇보다 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 그러한 차원에서 공항의 건설 또는 개량단계에서 공항개발사업 단계별로 고려되어야 할 안전요소를 현행법과 제도내에서 분석하여 공항시설의 설계, 건설단계에서의 안전성 제고에 대한 소견을 제시하고자 한다. 공항은 물론 항공교통의 안전은 공항시설을 포함하는 공항을 입지, 개발, 설계, 시공, 검사, 관리하느냐에 달려 있는 문제인 것이다. 이는 결국 공항개발계획 단계에서부터 항공안전을 우선 고려하는 입지에 대한 기준 및 전문가 개입 제도화 등에 관한 입법화를 통하여 현대사회가 내포하는 불특정다수에 대한 대형 사회간접자본의 리스크를 예방하는 국가적 책무를 다할 수 있기 때문이다. 아울러 공항개발 과정에서 핵심사항인 공항과 항행안전시설의 설치기준의 명확화는 공항과 공항시설의 안전성을 담보하는 것이라 할 수 있다. 물론 공항과 항행안전시설의 설치기준은 항공교통의 특성상 세계적인 기준이 제시되어 있으나, 이를 국내 입법화하는 과정에서 안전 측면의 기준은 더욱 구체적으로 세분화하여 설계, 시공, 검사 단계에서 이에 대한 혼돈이 발생하지 않게 하는 것도 항공안전을 확보하는 방법으로 검토할 만하다. 항행안전시설의 설치에 대한 기준은 무엇보다 자세히 규정하고 있다. 그러나 항행안전시설 성능적합증명제도와 관련해서는 임의적 규제를 의무적 규제로 변경하고, 제작자는 국내뿐만 국외제작자에게도 증명제도가 적용되도록 하는 것이 항행안전시설의 운용 안전성을 담보하는 방안이라 할 것이다. 물론 항공사고의 많은 부분이 조종사 과실 또는 항공기 정비 불량에 의한 것으로 귀결된다. 그러나 더욱 중요한 것은 공항이나 공항시설이 안전을 담보할 수 있을 정도로 완벽하다면 항공교통 사고를 더욱 감소시킬 수 있을 것으로 생각한다. 따라서 공항개발 단계에서부터 항공안전을 우선시 하는 법률적 제도적 보완이 필요하다고 할 수 있다.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.100-107
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• 2004

유희용전차는 유원시설 내에 설치된 놀이기구의 일종으로 산자부고시인 전기설비기술기준 제252조에서 별도로 규정하고 있다. 전기설비기술기준은 법적 최소요건으로 일본의 전기설비기술기준령을 토대로 제정된 이후 기술적 환경의 변화에 신속하게 대응하지 못함에 따라 유희용전차의 시설에 관한 규정에 있어서도 현실적인 문제점이 많이 내포되어 있다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 현장 적용상의 기술적 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 전국에 있는 28개의 유희용전차를 대상으로 현장 적용실태 분석 및 실측을 통하여 현행 전기설비기술기준의 개선방안을 제시하였다.