• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.277-285
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• 2018

Objective: This study is designed to evaluate the effects of Korean medicine treatment for facial nerve palsy. Method: The patient was administered Korean medicine treatment, including acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, and herbal medicine. We used the House-Brackmann Grading System and Yanagihara's Unweighted Grading System to assess the symptoms of facial nerve palsy. Results: The patient's House-Brackmann grade was reduced from grade IV to grade II, and Yanagihara's grade was increased from 19 to 32. The patient's symptoms, which were facial pain, facial asymmetry, reduced wrinkling forehead, incomplete closing eye, epiphora, and tinnitus, improved during the hospitalization. Conclusion: This study shows that Korean medicine treatment may be an effective treatment for facial nerve palsy.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2021

Objectives This study aimed to investigate the effect of SJS non-resistance technique-facial palsy (SJSNRT-F) using Korean medicine treatment on facial nerve palsy through three case studies. Methods SJSNRT-F, with other Korean medicine treatments, was performed on three patients who underwent treatment at OO Korean Medicine Hospital from March 2021 to August 2021. Additionally, the House-Brackmann grading system (H-B grade) and Yanagihara's unweighted grading system (Yanagihara's score) were evaluated in these patients. Results There was a significant increase in the Yanagihara scores. Except for one patient who was discharged early, two patients showed improvement in the H-B grade. Conclusions This study suggests that Korean medicine treatment including SJSNRT-F may affect the treatment of facial nerve palsy. However, better clinical studies are needed to confirm the same.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.122-128
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• 2019

Background The masseter nerve is a useful donor nerve for reconstruction in patients with established facial palsy, with numerous advantages including low morbidity, a strong motor impulse, high reliability, and fast reinnervation. In this study, we assessed the results of masseter nerve-innervated free gracilis muscle transfer in established facial palsy patients. Methods Ten patients with facial palsy who received treatment from January 2015 to January 2017 were enrolled in this study. Three patients received masseter nerve-only free gracilis transfer, and seven received double-innervated free gracilis transfer (masseter nerve and a cross-face nerve graft). Patients were evaluated using the Facial Assessment by Computer Evaluation software (FACEgram) to quantify oral commissure excursion and symmetry at rest and when smiling after muscle transfer. Results The mean time between surgery and initial movement was roughly 167.7 days. A statistically significant increase in excursion at rest and when smiling was seen after muscle transfer. There was a significant increase in the distance of oral commissure excursion at rest and when smiling. A statistically significant increase was observed in symmetry when smiling. Terzis' functional and aesthetic grading scores showed significant improvements postoperatively. Conclusions Masseter nerve innervation is a good option with many uses in in established facial palsy patients. For some conditions, it is the first-line treatment. Free gracilis muscle transfer using the masseter nerve has excellent results with good symmetry and an effective degree of recovery.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.269-277
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• 2021

Background The Sunnybrook facial grading scale is a comprehensive scale for the evaluation of facial paralysis patients. Its results greatly depend on subjective input. This study aimed to develop and validate an automated Sunnybrook facial grading scale (SBface) to more objectively assess disfigurement due to facial paralysis. Methods An application compatible with iOS version 11.0 and up was developed. The software automatically detected facial features in standardized photographs and generated scores following the Sunnybrook facial grading scale. Photographic data from 30 unilateral facial paralysis patients were randomly sampled for validation. Intrarater reliability was tested by conducting two identical tests at a 2-week interval. Interrater reliability was tested between the software and three facial nerve clinicians. Results A beta version of the SBface application was tested. Intrarater reliability showed excellent congruence between the two tests. Moderate to strong positive correlations were found between the software and an otolaryngologist, including the total scores of the three individual software domains and composite scores. However, 74.4% (29/39) of the subdomain items showed low to zero correlation with the human raters (κ<0.2). The correlations between the human raters showed good congruence for most of the total and composite scores, with 10.3% (4/39) of the subdomain items failing to correspond (κ<0.2). Conclusions The SBface application is efficient and accurate for evaluating the degree of facial paralysis based on the Sunnybrook facial grading scale. However, correlations of the software-derived results with those of human raters are limited by the software algorithm and the raters' inconsistency.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.175-187
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was performed to evaluate the effect of facial rejuvenation acupuncture on cases of sequela of facial nerve palsy. Methods : This study was carried out in respect of 5 cases of sequela of facial nerve palsy patients which had been treated in Dong-Shin university oriental hospital from 2009 year with House-Brackmann grading system(HBGS) above Grade IV. In this study the patients were treated by facial rejuvenation acupuncture. The effect of the treatment were evaluated via scales and picture. Results : After treatment with facial rejuvenation acupuncture, 5 patients improved H-B scale and symptoms of the sequela of facial nerve palsy. The average of H-B scale was increased from 3.2 to 6.4. There also formed forehead folds, better blinking of the eyes and improved asymmetry of the left and right face. Conclusions : In the study, facial rejuvenation acupuncture showed marked improvement in sequela of facial nerve palsy. Randomized-controlled trial for further evaluation will be needed in the future.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2009

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of massage and muscle reeducation training with conventional treatment in patients with facial paralysis. Methods: Twenty-five patients with facial nerve paralysis were randomly allocated to 3 groups: massage, muscle reeducation training, and control groups. Therapeutic intervention for the massage (n=8) and muscle reeducation training (n=8) groups consisted of conventional therapy such as application of hot pack and electrical stimulation plus massage therapy and muscle reeducation training, respectively. The control group (n=9) received only conventional therapy. Therapeutic intervention for each group was performed 6 times per week for 4 weeks. The patients were assessed by using the House-Brackmann Grading System (H-B grade) and Yanagihara Unweighted Grading System (Y grade) once every week. Results: The H-B and Y grades improved significantly in all 3 groups after a 4-week intervention (p<.01). At 3 and 4 weeks, the H-B and Y grades of the massage group improved significantly when compared with those of the control group (p<.01). Muscle reeducation training group showed significant improvements in the scores of the two grades with time when compared with the massage and control groups (p<.01). The rate of change in the H-B grade was significantly different between the control and muscle reeducation training groups (p<.01), and that of change in the Y grade was significantly different between the control and muscle reeducation training groups (p<.01) and between the control and massage groups (p<.01). Conclusion: These findings suggest that massage and muscle reeducation training are more effective in improving the condition of patients with facial nerve paralysis than conventional therapy. In particular, the results of this study indicate that muscle reeducation training can be recommended by clinicians since it provides more benefits.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.1188-1192
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• 2009

Facail nerve palsy is a common disease in the face. This disease is treated by many methods. But it is not treated by Facial Acupunture. Therefore we performed to evaluate the effect of Facial Acupuncture with oriental dedical treatment in facail nerve palsy. This clinical study was carried out 2 caese of facail nerve palsy which had been admitted our hospital. In this study the patients were treated by Facail Acupuncture. Other treatment were herbal medication, regabilitative therapy. H-B scale(House-Brackmann facial nerve grading system) and Digital Infrared Thermal Imaging were measured from admission to discharge. After being treated by our methods, Patients' H-B scale and Inequality of Facial DITI were improved in cases compared to existing. In the study, The treatment of facial nerve palsy using Facial acupuncture was more effective, especially H-B scale, Digital Infrared Thermal Imaging and treatment period, compared to existing.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.131-138
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this study is to present a retrospective review of patients who had a sudden onset of facial palsy after trauma and who underwent facial nerve decompression. Methods: The cases of 25 patients who had traumatic facial palsy were reviewed. Facial nerve function was graded according to the House-Brackmann grading scale. According to facial nerve decompression, patients were categorized into the surgical (decompression) group, with 7 patients in the early decompression subgroup and 2 patients in the late decompression subgroup, and the conservative group(16 patients). Results: The facial nerve decompression group included 8 males and 1 female, aged 2 to 86 years old, with a mean age of 40.8. In early facial nerve decompression subgroup, facial palsy was H-B grade I to III in 6 cases (66.7%); H-B grade IV was observed in 1 case(11.1%). In late facial nerve decompression subgroup, 1 patient (11.1%) had no improvement, and the other patient(11.1%) improved to H-B grade III from H-B grade V. A comparison of patients who underwent surgery within 2 weeks to those who underwent surgery 2 weeks later did not show any significant difference in improvement of H-B grades (p>0.05). The conservative management group included 15 males and 1 female, aged 6 to 66 years old, with a mean age of 36. At the last follow up, 15 patients showed H-B grades of I to III(93.7%), and only 1 patient had an H-B grade of IV(6.3%). Conclusion: Generally, we assume that early facial nerve decompression can lead to some recovery from traumatic facial palsy, but a prospective controlled study should and will be prepared to compare of conservative treatment to late decompression.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.70-75
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• 2022

Two patients with sequelae of peripheral facial nerve palsy were treated with Facial Chuna Manual Therapy (FCMT) and acupuncture over 6 months. The House-Brackmann (HB) scale, facial nerve grading system 2.0 (FNGS), the scale of Peitersen, the scale of Murata, and the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) were used to assess the effects of treatment. The HB scale, FNGS and NRS scores showed improvement for both patients (Case 1: HB scale 5 to 3, FNGS 4 to 2, NRS 10 to 5; Case 2: HB scale 5 to 3, FNGS 4 to 3, NRS 10 to 2.5) following 6 months of treatment. The scores for the Peitersen and Murata scales showed improvement over 6 months in Case 1 (Peitersen 2 to 1, Murata 10 to 7), but there was no change in Case 2 over the test period (4 months). FCMT and acupuncture may help patients with sequelae of facial palsy.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.38-42
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• 2008

Background: Idiopathic facial nerve palsy, or Bell's palsy (BP), is a common and important disease. Recurrent Bell's palsy has been known as a rare entity with only a few cases in the literature. Methods: A total of 111 consecutive patients with acute BP patients were enrolled at Daegu Catholic University Hospital from July 2005 to March 2007. We classified the patients into two groups - single BP and recurrent BP - and compared them by demographic data, clinical features, MRI findings and prognosis. The degree of BP was graded according to the House and Brackmann facial nerve grading system. Results: Recurrent BP was observed in 10 (9%) patients. The number of recurrence was varied from 2 to 5. The mean age of first attack in recurrent BP was $35.70{\pm}23.65$ years old and was earlier than that of the single BP ($50.94{\pm}16.21$ year). The larger proportion of the single BP had an abnormal enhancement of affected facial nerve (91.3%) than the recurrent BP (50%). The recurrent BP showed worse prognosis than the single BP. The associated conditions, etiology, and clinical features were similar between two groups. Conclusions: In comparison with single BP, recurrent BP showed earlier onset of first BP attack, less frequent abnormal enhancement of facial nerve on MRI, and worse prognosis.