• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1991년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(국제학술편); KOEX, Seoul; 22-24 Oct. 1991
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• pp.1591-1596
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• 1991

The present paper describes a method of recognizing a polyhedron employing the notion of network constraint analysis. Typical difficulties in three-dimensional object recognition, other than shading, reflection, and hidden line problems, include the case where appearances of an object vary according to observation points and the case where an object to be recognized is occluded by other objects placed in its front, resulting in incomplete information on the object shape. These difficulties can, however, be solved to a large extent, by taking account of certain local constraints defined on a polyhedral shape. The present paper assumes a model-based vision employing an appearance-oriented model of a polyhedron which is provided by placing it at the origin of a large sphere and observing it from various positions on the surface of the sphere. The model is actually represented by the sets of adjacent faces pairs of the polyhedron observed from those positions. Since the shape of a projected face gives constraint to that of its adjacent face, this results in a local constraint relation between these faces. Each projected face of an unknown polyhedron on an acquired image is examined its match with those faces in the model, producing network constraint relations between faces in the image and faces in the model. Taking adjacency of faces into consideration, these network constraint relations are analyzed. And if the analysis finally provides a solution telling existence of one to one match of the faces between the unknown polyhedron and the model, the unknown polyhedron is understood to be one of those memorized models placed in a certain posture. In the performed experiment, a polyhedron was observed from 320 regularly arranged points on a sphere to provide its appearance model and a polyhedron with arbitrarily postured, occluded, or imposed another difficulty was successfully recognized.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2004

This paper presents face recognition using vector quantization in the eigenspace of the faces. The existing eigenface method is not enough for representing the variations of faces. For making up for its defects, the proposed method use a clustering of feature vectors by vector quantization in eigenspace of the faces. In the trainning stage, the face images are transformed the points in the eigenspace by eigeface(eigenvetor) and we represent a set of points for each people as the centroids of vector quantizer. In the recognition stage, the vector quantizer finds the centroid having the minimum quantization error between feature vector of input image and centriods of database. The experiments are performed by 600 faces in Faces94 database. The existing eigenface method has minimum 64 miss-recognition and the proposed method has minimum 20 miss-recognition when we use 4 codevectors. In conclusion, the proposed method is a effective method that improves recognition rate through overcoming the variation of faces.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• 제57권9호
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• pp.76-87
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• 2007

Since the emergence of postmodernism, as interest in human has increased, human face image is being highlighted as one of the themes that are addressed the most. Making the images of faces and individuals shown in costumes the subject matter, this thesis examines the internal values immanent in the images in more depth and understands them based on the Panofsky's iconological interpretation scheme. This study aims to identify designer's purposes and even their unconscious intention through iconological interpretation of faces shown in the fashion and images shown in human image, and further to present basic materials in the fashion design. This research used literature reviews and case studies, and used Panofsky's iconological interpretation theory as the scheme in order to interpret the symbolic significance implied in the images. The images of faces and individuals shown in costumes were classified into six types through historical reviews, and based on the types the images of faces and individuals shown in the fashion since the 20th century were examined. The iconological analysis of the images of faces and individuals shown in costumes based on the classification of types according to historical reviews showed parodies, cultural identity, commercial use, eroticism, respect for heros and its fiction. This study has found that all such things finally return to humanism that humans should be valued and loved the most.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.813-820
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• 2005

The beauty itself cannot be changed by the time, but the concept of the beauty can be influence by the time and cultural background. The purpose of this study is to analyze the beautiful faces or ugly faces among the young women and to provide useful guideline to make up for the modem concept of beauty. The facial photographs of 180 adlut women(aged between 20 and 29) in Pusan and Ulsan area were sampled to be measured and classified as the beautiful or ordinary or ugly faces. Data were analyzed by Frequencies, Mean, Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The major results were as followings; the Beautiful face has a relatively small face with a broad forehead and a small lower face. It also has a wide palpebral fissure, narrow intercanthal distance, a narrow nose and a big mouth. Physiognomic face length was 182.38mm, the upper face length was 59.82mm, the middle face length 60.82mm, the lower face length 61.76mm, and the index of face length to face breadth was 1.35. And also the faces within the figures are considered as the beautiful or ordinary or ugly faces from those measurements like face length/bizygion breadth, intercanthal distance, mouth width, upper vermilion height, lower vermilion height.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.3016-3022
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to measure and evaluate the degree of the pain using tools such as faces, glasses, chips, and colors for 96 children in three general hospitals. The children preferred faces, glasses, chips and colors in order, and they preferred orange color for pain-free and black for intense pain. The pain score was significantly high with the children who did not have experience in hospital except colors tool in the difference by means of general characteristics(faces, glasses, chips; p<0.05). Faces, glasses, chips, colors tools are pain assessment tools which are easy simple to handle by children including family and medical personnel. We expect these tools will be used in many ways to assess pain according to a child's age in a clinical setting.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.115-128
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• 2008

A method is proposed to estimate the ultimate strength of rectangular concrete-filled steel tubular (CFT) stub columns under axial compression. The ultimate strength of concrete core is determined by using the conception of the effective lateral confining pressure and a failure criterion of concrete under true triaxial compression, which takes into account the difference between the lateral confining pressure provided by the broad faces of the steel tube and that provided by the narrow faces of the steel tube. The longitudinal steel strength of broad faces and that of the narrow faces of the steel tube are calculated respectively due to that buckling tends to occur earlier and more extensively on the broader faces. Finally, the proposed method is verified with experimental results. Corresponding values of ultimate strength calculated by ACI (2005), AISC (1999) and GJB4142-2000 are given respectively for comparison. It is found from comparison that the proposed method shows a good agreement with the experimental results.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.101-110
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• 2001

The maximum intersection of spherical convex polygons are to find spherical regions owned by the maximum number of the polygons, which is applicable for determining the feasibility in manufacturing problems such mould design and numerical controlled machining. In this paper, an efficient method for partitioning a sphere with the polygons into faces is presented for the maximum intersection. The maximum intersection is determined by examining the ownerships of partitioned faces, which represent how many polygons contain the faces. We take the approach of edge-based partition, in which, rather than the ownerships of faces, those of their edges are manipulated as the sphere is partitioned incrementally by each of the polygons. Finally, gathering the split edges with the maximum number of ownerships as the form of discrete data, we approximately obtain the centroids of all solution faces without constructing their boundaries. Our approach is analyzed to have an efficient time complexity Ο(nv), where n and v, respectively, are the numbers of polygons and all vertices. Futhermore, it is practical from the view of implementation since it can compute numerical values robustly and deal with all degenerate cases.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• 제34권10호
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• pp.945-952
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• 2007

The face detection is a necessary first-step in the face recognition systems, with the purpose of localizing and extracting face regions from input images. But it is not a simple problem, because faces have many variations such as scale, rotation and lighting condition. In this paper, we propose a novel method to detect not only frontal faces but also partial rotated faces in still images. Firstly, we produce the eye candidates in the sub-regions of an input image to detect rotated faces. Secondly, the eye candidates are used to measure the angles of rotated faces. Thirdly, we are able to derotate the rotated face then put it to Bayesian classifier. We make an experiment with rotated multiracial face and show the good results in this paper.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.959-975
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• 2013

The SAS macro faces program by Friendly (1992) is for Chernoff face analysis, which is one of methods for the visualization representation of multivariate data. In this paper, we examined 18 face features used in the program and presented the modified program depending on the definition of a good face in days present. In addition, a good bank evaluation for 15 domestic banks was performed through Chernoff face analysis based on 11 bank economic indicators representing stability, the consumer satisfaction, soundness, and banks profitability.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.195-201
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• 2004

This study investigated the relationship between the physical features and personality impression of faces. Subjects were exposed to male and female facial photographic images. Using 7-points scales, subjects were asked to rate 31 personality traits. The three factors extracted from factor analysis were labeled social desirability, activity, and intelligence. The analysis of correlation between physical features and factor scores of faces indicated that there is a significant correlation between features of eye of male faces and intelligence and between features of chin of female faces and intelligence and social desirability. These results suggested that subjects judged the personality impression, based on different physical features in male and female feces.